As I continued to teach, though, I noticed another gap in the literature. The arguments policymakers and academics were making on how nuclear weapons reductions related to preventing further nuclear proliferation were, at best, uneven. Each of the basic viewsofficial, hawkish, and academicspotlighted some important aspect of the truth, but each was incomplete and surprisingly optimistic. The current official U.S. view, shared by most arms control proponents, is that any state that has nuclear...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sokolski,Henry D, ARMY WAR COLLEGE CARLISLE BARRACKS PA CARLISLE BARRACKS, nuclear...
I appreciate the opportunity to testify today about the costs and other effects of reducing U.S. nuclear forces. This testimony is based on a forthcoming Congressional Budget Office (CBO) study of nuclear forces prepared at the request of the Chairman of the Subcommittee on European Affairs. To deter military attacks, the United States and the Soviet Union each deployed tens of thousands of nuclear warheads during the Cold War, including long-range or strategic warheads as well as shorter-range...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Reischauer,Robert D, Congressional Budget Office Washington United States,...
In January 1993, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was signed, completing the first step towards eliminating all chemical weapons. This treaty is the most comprehensive multilateral arms control treaty ever signed. The teeth of the CWC is a modern verification regime that includes traditional scheduled inspections as well as an innovative challenge inspection system: a party to the treaty may initiate a challenge inspection of another party if it believes there is a treaty violation. The...
Topics: Arms control treaties, Arms control||Chemical weapons convention, Chemical weapons convention,...
Liberal international relations theories predict that states with respect for the rule of law will more readily comply with their international obligations. This paper tests this prediction against compliance within the nonproliferation regime and specifically with UNSCR 1540, a resolution mandating that member nations enact domestic legislation to counter proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and certain dual use technologies. Using a rule of law measure based upon contract intensive...
Topics: DTIC Archive, CONROY,SEAN F, AIR WAR COLLEGE, AIR UNIVERSITY MAXWELL AFB United States,...
This thesis explores the relative value that norms have on U.S. nuclear policies, particularly on their constraining effect on nuclear weapon use and possession. Contemporary academic literature explores how norms constrain the use of nuclear arms, but further research is needed to determine how they affect policies of possession. Using case studies from the Cold War, this thesis presents research indicating that norms have had inconsistent constraining effects on nuclear use and possession...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Preczewski,Michael W, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA MONTEREY United States,...
The Global Zero movement has gathered momentum in the past several years as its proponents have touted that there's a clear and viable path to creating a world without nuclear weapons by 2030. This paper examines the underlying foundations of the Global Zero movement and analyzes whether their fundamental assumptions are valid or flawed. First, this paper explains the origins of the Global Zero movement starting from the 1986 Reykjavik Summit, and how the influence of former Secretary of State...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Westover,Robert D, AIR WAR COLLEGE, AIR UNIVERSITY MAXWELL AFB United States, nuclear...
The US maintains nuclear weapons to deter, dissuade, and defeat a range of immediate and potential conventional, nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons threats.1 No other weapon matches its physical and psychological power. While their emphasis in the US national security strategy has diminished since the end of the Cold War, nuclear weapons continue to serve as the ultimate deterrent. Looking forward, shifts in the strategic landscape are calling into question the value of nuclear weapons....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Coglitore,Thomas C, Air War College Air University Maxwell AFB United States,...
Over the last 75 years the battlefield has transitioned from a conventional state versus state conflict to a more complex environment. This new battlefield involves non-state actors and takes place not in standard force-on-force battles, but among the populace. Organization have turned to terror as a means of impacting political decisions. This transition has contributed directly to the destruction of civilian infrastructure and perhaps more importantly, to the unintentional deaths of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, SONSALLA,SCOTT, AIR WAR COLLEGE MAXWELL AFB United States, nonlethal weapons,...
Pakistans nuclear arsenal probably consists of approximately 110-130 nuclear warheads, although it could have more. Islamabad is producing fissile material, adding to related production facilities, and deploying additional nuclear weapons and new types of delivery vehicles. Pakistans nuclear arsenal is widely regarded as designed to dissuade India from taking military action against Pakistan, but Islamabads expansion of its nuclear arsenal, development of new types of nuclear weapons, and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kerr,Paul K, Congressional Research Service Washington United States, NUCLEAR...
Since the 1960s, the United States has deployed nuclear weapons on three types of strategic delivery vehicles collectively known as the strategic triad. The triad comprises the sea-based leg (submarine-launched ballistic missiles), ground-based leg (intercontinental ballistic missiles), and airborne leg (nuclear-capable heavy bombers). As a result of arms control agreements and strategic policies, the number of U.S. nuclear weapons and strategic delivery vehicles has been reduced substantially;...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kirschbaum,Joseph W, U.S. Government Accountability Office Washington United States,...
U.S. strategic nuclear arsenal reductions are not new. However, wading headstrong into nuclear abolition without an understanding of the policy options forfeited by these actions is dangerous and potentially destabilizing. If blindly pursued, U.S. strategic arsenal reductions will, at a point dictated by default and not by design, back U.S. policymakers into the forced adoption of a minimum deterrence strategy (MDS). In doing so, those policymakers must understand the ramifications such an...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dmytryszyn,Mark C, AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL MAXWELL AFB United States, arms control...
As the US military and civilian leaders debate the future of deterrence and nuclear deterrence, the status of the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) comes to the fore. This study specifically seeks to answer the question: Will ICBMs continue to play a vital role in nuclear deterrence? Many factors heavily influence that future. This study evaluates some of the unique capabilities of the ICBM, both quantitative and qualitative, and weighs those against three criticisms of the ICBM....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hebert,Robert W, Air University Maxwell Air Force Base United States, national...
An inherently flexible medium, cyberspace is controlled more by market forces and popular trends than by formal regulation attempts. Cyberspace is a medium so integrated with modern life that in a growing number of countries it serves as a foundation for many capabilitiesincluding critical infrastructures. Given the lack of security built into the framework of the Internet, it is no surprise that highly connected nation statesthose with a heavy reliance on cyber integrated into their critical...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rogers,Kristine M, Air War College Air University Maxwell AFB United States, computer...
Since 1996, the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) has been open to states for signature with a goal of ending all nuclear testing. While it has had moderate success, several key states have not ratified it and brought it into force. To date, 182 countries have signed the treaty and 151 have ratified it, with signing and/or ratification being the sticking point with China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, North Korea, Pakistan, and the United States.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Neischel,Jeffrey D, Air War College Air University Maxwell AFB United States, arms...
Soon after his first inauguration, President Barack Obama in April 2009 in Prague, Czech Republic affirmed Americas commitment to seek the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons. Since the Prague Speech, support for nuclear arms control has been a core component of the Administrations national security policy. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: to consider the future nuclear arms control agenda during the closing years of the Obama Administration (near-term), under the next...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dunn,Lewis A, AIR FORCE ACADEMY COLORADO SPRINGS CO COLORADO SPRINGS United States,...
The declaration of a United States pivot to Asia poses some compelling challenges, particularly for the United Kingdom which has, increasingly, adopted a position on world affairs almost entirely driven by its close relationship with the United States. The question posed by the traditional allies of the United States in Europe, and elsewhere, is just how the new Asian strategy will affect United States commitments in the rest of the world as it redeploys finite, and, most likely, reducing,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Blount,Clive S, Air War College Air University Maxwell AFB United States,...
This report presents analyses relevant to a decision on whether to retain an ICBM force beyond about 2035 and if ICBMs are to be retained what characteristics would be desirable in a future ICBM force. This report also identifies relevant policy issues that need to be resolved before making large acquisition decisions or deciding on new treaties for nuclear weapons. We begin with top-level conclusions, followed by key assumptions, survivability of US forces against a preemptive attack, target...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Evans,Dennis, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD LAUREL United States, intercontinental...
Since 2012, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has sponsored the Project onAdvanced Systems and Concepts for Countering WMD (PASCC) at the Naval PostgraduateSchool (NPS) in Monterey, California. PASCCs mission is to support DTRA by selecting a portfolio of strategic dialogues and studies to provide over-the-horizon analysis aimed at reducing the threats posed by weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and emerging weapons of mass effect (WME). PASCC is also interested in new means of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gronvall,Gigi K, Naval Postgraduate School Monterey United States, weapons of mass...
Irans national security policy is the product of many, and sometimes competing, factors: the ideology of Irans Islamic revolution; Iranian leaderships perception of threats to the regime and to the country; long-standing Iranian national interests; and the interaction of the Iranian regimes various factions and constituencies. Some experts assert that the goal of Irans national security strategy is to overturn a power structure in the Middle East that Iran asserts favors the United States and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Katzman,Kenneth, Congressional Research Service Washington United States,...
Remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) have been under development with intent for use in a military environment for almost 100 years. For the majority of that time period, RPA complexity, size, cost, logistical and handling requirements have made them cumbersome and difficult to use dissuading most nations from pursuing them as a viable capability. However, dramatic improvements in technology over the last two decades have allowed for a decrease in size, cost, and complexity while increasing...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Riselli,Mark A, Air War College, Air University Maxwell AFB United States, unmanned...
Even though the United States is in the process of reducing the number of warheads deployed on its long-range missiles and bombers, consistent with the terms of the New START Treaty, it also plans to develop new delivery systems for deployment over the next 20-30 years. The 115th Congress will continue to review these programs, and the funding requested for them, during the annual authorization and appropriations process. During the Cold War, the U.S. nuclear arsenal contained many types of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Woolf,Amy F, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC WASHINGTON DC, nuclear warheads,...
Nuclear weapons, due to their awesome destructive power, are special weapons which demand special attention and focused stewardship. They still represent the greatest potential threat to our way of life, yet are important guarantors of our security. Deterrence remains their primary function. To deter effectively, they must represent a credible and capable threat with a high degree of survivability against a preemptive attack.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Koory,Thomas A, Air Command and Staff College Maxwell Air Force Base United States,...
This study analyzes how the new nuclear declaratory policy, espoused in the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review, balances the goals of deterrence and nonproliferation. The author concludes that increasing complexity in the nuclear arena makes reliance on the legacy policy of calculated ambiguity both increasingly hazardous for deterrence and decreasingly effective as a nonproliferation tool. These detrimental outcomes demand innovation in strategic thinking and revision of nuclear declaratory policy,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Franklin,David M, Air University, School of Advanced Air and Space Studies Maxwell...
Nuclear weapons have been a cornerstone of U.S. national security since they were developed during World War II. In the Cold War, nuclear forces were central to U.S. defense policy, resulting in the buildup of a large arsenal. Since that time, nuclear forces have figured less prominently than conventional forces, and the United States has not built any new nuclear weapons or delivery systems for many years.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bennett,Michael, Congressional Budget Office Washington United States, military...
Taking into account the enduring and pervasive nature of complexity in the global security environment, and the threats that will likely evolve, this paper attempted to answer the question of how current and future threats in the global security environment affect nuclear strategic deterrence posture. The purpose of this research was to examine in detail the complexity of foreseeable threats to effective nuclear strategic deterrence posture. The methodology utilized to conduct this study and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Fairclough, William, STRATEGIC ANALYSIS, deterrence, ballistic missiles,...
Today, few studies focus on how the international community should approach Iran once it crosses the nuclear threshold. David Kay, author of The Iranian Fallout, highlights what is missing from contemporary literature when he asks, What policies will limit any advantage, political or military, that Iran might gain from nuclear weapons? This paper presumes, Iran will produce a significant quantity of highly enriched uranium despite international efforts to the contrary, and second, Iran will...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Adkins,Larry D, Air War College Air University Maxwell AFB United States, iran,...
Even though the United States is in the process of reducing the number of warheads deployed on its long-range missiles and bombers, consistent with the terms of the New START Treaty, it also plans to develop new delivery systems for deployment over the next 20-30 years. The 115th Congress will continue to review these programs, and the funding requested for them, during the annual authorization and appropriations process. During the Cold War, the U.S. nuclear arsenal contained many types of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Woolf,Amy F, Congressional Research Service Washington United States, nuclear...
In the ten years since the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) was proposed the United States has taken steps to expand the network of states involved, improve interdiction laws, and share procedures with involved states. A majority of this effort has been focused on maritime interdiction since most of the worlds trade travels by ship. As the PSI participant states continue to improve their maritime capabilities for detecting, tracking, and interdicting chemical, biological, radiological,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Air Command and Staff College, Air University Maxwell Air Force Base United States,...
On April 5, 2009 President Obama introduced his vision of reducing nuclear dangers and overcoming grave and growing threats by seeking the peace and security of a world without nuclear weapons. To this end, the Administration seeks to put less emphasis on nuclear weapons in our security policy and thus continue to negotiate mutual reductions in strategic nuclear weapons with Russia, with a goal of further reductions in the future. As stated in the third objective of the 2010 Nuclear Posture...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Peterson,Marc A, Air War College Air University Maxwell AFB United States, national...
Todays military faces more budget cuts and nuclear arms reductions, forcing tough decisions on what capabilities to maintain. Removing the Air Launched Cruise Missile and the B-52 from the nuclear arsenal provides the Air Force an opportunity to divert valuable dollars to newer programs without any major losses in capabilities. The Air Force would be able to spend that money on new systems while the B-52 would be able to focus on a singular mission. This paper looks at why now is the right time...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Giacomazza,Daniel R, AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE, AIR UNIVERSITY MAXWELL AIR FORCE...
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Topics: Nuclear arms control -- Soviet Union, Nuclear arms control -- United States, Communist strategy,...
This thesis examines the increasing capability and proliferation of land attack cruise missiles (LACMs)within the context of the changing geopolitical environment. The research analyzes the current state of NORADs homeland cruise missile defense apparatus with respect to its organization and technical capability. The principle argument is that land attack cruise missiles are becoming increasingly lethal, accurate, stealthy, prolific, easy to employ, and difficult to detect. The United States...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Percle,Clayton J, Joint Forces Staff College Norfolk United States, directed energy...
The United States and Soviet Union signed the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty in December 1987. Negotiations on this treaty were the result of a dual-track decision taken by NATO in 1979. At that time, in response to concerns about the Soviet Unions deployment of new intermediate-range nuclear missiles, NATO agreed both to accept deployment of new U.S. intermediate-range ballistic and cruise missiles and to support U.S. efforts to negotiate with the Soviet Union to limit these...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Woolf,Amy F, Congressional Research Service Washington United States, arms control...
US/Chinese relations regarding space have been particularly tense since the end of the Cold War. The USs success in defeating the Iraqi Army in Operation Desert Storm was viewed by the Chinese as both a wake-up call and an opportunity. They realized that their conventional capabilities were lacking and the USs reliance on space capabilities presented a possible Achilles heel that could be targeted in future conflict. As the new global hegemon, the US chose to embrace its strength and used very...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gargasz,Michael L, AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE, AIR UNIVERSITY MAXWELL AIR FORCE...
This paper informs the US policy response to a nuclear-armed Iran. Specifically, it addresses whether or not the United States should provide security guarantees for its allies in the Middle East. The Introduction sets the stage by describing the current trajectory of the Iranian nuclear weapons program and the likely ramifications of Iranian acquisition. It provides the analytical framework for the case studies that follow. Chapter 1 is a case study of France and its decision to develop a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Wright,Parker H, AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL MAXWELL AFB United States, national...
This essay explores the connection between security guarantees and nuclear proliferation by allies of great powers. I propose a model to explain why U.S. allies pursue nuclear proliferation. I assert that this movement toward nuclear weapons occurs when an ally perceives that the U.S. defense commitment has become insufficient for the threat environment. I test this model using a case study of South Koreas exploration of nuclear weapons in the 1970s.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Brown,J W, School of Advanced Air And Space Studies, Air University Maxwell Air Force...
The Trump administration inherited a world far different from the one envisioned in President Obamas 2009 Prague address and faces a hierarchy of national security threats far different from those underpinning the subsequent 2010 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR). Any new nuclear guidance is more likely to be framed by the emergence over the past decade of a more bellicose Russia than it is by threat of nuclear-capable terrorists. Notwithstanding the possibility that the new administration might...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Frankel ,Michael J, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD LAUREL United States, weapons...
Topics: Radio Program, Elections, NBCUniversal, Arms control treaties, Broadway plays, Containers, Medieval...
Topics: Radio Program, Arms control treaties, Disability rights organizations, Business terms, Calendars,...
Topics: Radio Program, Arms control, Insurance, Arms control treaties, Treaties, Dairy products, British...
Topics: Radio Program, Tornado, Severe weather and convection, Automation, Spaceflight, Arms control...
Topics: Radio Program, Postal system, News, Polk County, Florida, Electrical wiring, Sales, Broadway plays,...
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Topics: Radio Program, Communities on U.S. Route 66, Business terms, County seats in California, Taxation,...
Topics: Radio Program, Crimes, Broadcasting, Regions of Florida, Brevard County, Florida, Identity,...
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Topics: Radio Program, Labor economics, International law, White House, Broadway plays, American political...
Topics: Radio Program, Road transport, Business terms, Shipping, Arms control treaties, Broadway plays,...
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Topics: Radio Program, School terminology, Law enforcement titles, Arms control treaties, Educational...
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Topics: Radio Program, International relations, Christian terms, Arms control treaties, Arms control,...
Closed captions transcript: 00:00:01 I'm David her m e o 00:00:03 a news. Junky little 00:00:10 one it's today's exclusive. The big one 00:00:14 sleepless. 00:00:33 Bla bla bla 00:00:38 bla bla bla. Bla just 00:00:44 a single leg. 00:00:50 Bled. To most soldiers leg 00:00:57 leg below the blade stall n. 00:01:03 The 00:01:04 a major lead someone to 00:01:09 a Muslim leg 00:01:15 below I'm. 00:01:21 Led lead 00:01:26 plaintiff 00:01:29 ultimate 00:01:39 insult Islam display 00:01:45 model...
Topics: Radio Program, Arms control, G20 nations, Member states of the United Nations, Mikhail Gorbachev,...
