Magnetospheric Constellation Dynamic Response and Coupling Observatory (DRACO) is the Solar Terrestrial Probe (STP) designed to understand the nonlinear dynamics, responses, and connections within the Earth's structured magnetotail, using a constellation of approximately 50 to 100 distributed vector measurement spacecraft. DRACO will reveal magnetotail processes operating within a domain extending 20 Earth radii (R(sub E)) across the tail and 40 R(sub E)down the tail, on spatial and time scales...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, NANOSATELLITES, SPACECRAFT CONFIGURATIONS,...
283
283
May 23, 2011
05/11
by
Matthews, K.; Ghez, A. M.; Weinberger, A. J.; Neugebauer, G
texts
eye 283
favorite 0
comment 0
The first diffraction limited, 0.05s resolution, images on the W. M. Keck Telescope have been obtained at a wavelength of 2.2 micrometers. These images were part of an experiment to test the suitability of the Keck Telescope for speckle imaging. In order to conduct this test, it was necessary to modify the pixel scale of the Keck facility Near Infrared Camera (NIRC) to optimally sample the spatial frequencies made available by the Keck telescope. The design and implementation of the external...
Topics: MAGNETIC STORMS, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, AURORAS, PLASMA LAYERS, MAGNETIC FIELDS, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC...
234
234
Jun 1, 2011
06/11
by
Erickson, Gary M
texts
eye 234
favorite 0
comment 0
The goal of this project is to determine precursors and signatures of local substorm onset and how they evolve in the plasma sheet using the Geotail near-Earth database. This project is part of an ongoing investigation involving this PI, Nelson Maynard (Mission Research Corporation), and William Burke (AFRL) toward an empirical understanding of the onset and evolution of substorms. The first year began with dissemination of our CRRES findings, which included an invited presentation and major...
Topics: GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, TURBULENCE MODELS, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE, DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION,...
410
410
May 29, 2011
05/11
by
Lyle, Karen H.; Jackson, Karen E.; Fasanella, Edwin L
texts
eye 410
favorite 0
comment 0
Recent advances in computational speed have made aircraft and spacecraft crash simulations using an explicit, nonlinear, transient-dynamic, finite element analysis code more feasible. This paper describes the development of a simple landing gear model, which accurately simulates the energy absorbed by the gear without adding substantial complexity to the model. For a crash model, the landing gear response is approximated with a spring where the force applied to the fuselage is computed in a...
Topics: GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, FLUX, FIELD STRENGTH, PLASMAS (PHYSICS), SOLAR WIND,...
145
145
Jun 27, 2010
06/10
by
NON
texts
eye 145
favorite 0
comment 0
Meteorological weather observations by planned Japanese satellite
Topics: EXPLORER 34 SATELLITE, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, NEUTRAL PARTICLES, SHEETS, INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELDS,...
251
251
May 29, 2011
05/11
by
Schmahl, Edward J.; Kundu, Mukul R
texts
eye 251
favorite 0
comment 0
In the extended portion of this grant (January 1-March 31, 2000), we have continued our previous efforts (January 1-December 31, 1999) in studies of Fourier imaging methods applied to hard X-ray flares. In particular, we have performed theoretical analysis of the ''Forward-Fitting'' method in collaboration with Dr. Markus Aschwanden, (Lockheed-Martin Palo Alto Research lab) in support of the HESSI (High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager) mission to enable rapid imaging of solar flares in hard...
Topics: PLASMAS (PHYSICS), TELESCOPES, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, MAGNETOSHEATH, SOLAR WIND, SPACECRAFT CHARGING,...
This final report summarizes results of Geotail project monitoring Earth's magnetotail during funding period. Compares project's transport statistics to those of International Sun-Earth Explorer (ISEE) and Ion Release Module (IRM). Program established relations between disruption and flow events, and made observations on the nature of electric field fluctuations and plasma sheet flows.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW, ELECTRIC FIELDS,...
The THEMIS mission represents the culmination of many years of planning directed towards understanding the processes that drive and trigger geomagnetic substorms. Following Akasofu's discovery of the substorm cycle, it became increasingly clear that timing questions provide the key to discriminating between proposed 'inside-out' and 'outside-in' models for substorms, triggered respectively by current disruption and magnetic reconnection. THEMIS observations provide a wealth of information that...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC STORMS, GEOMAGNETISM, MAGNETIC FIELD RECONNECTION,...
204
204
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
Basson, D
texts
eye 204
favorite 0
comment 0
No Abstract Available
Topics: GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS, MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT, ANNUAL VARIATIONS, EXPLORER...
Geotail is an element in the International Solar Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) Program. The overall goal of the ISTP Program is to employ simultaneous and closely coordinated remote observations of the sun and in situ observations both in the undisturbed heliosphere near Earth and in Earth s magnetosphere to measure, model, and quantitatively assess the processes in the sun/Earth interaction chain. In the early phase of the Program, simultaneous measurements in the key regions of geospace from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, PRELAUNCH SUMMARIES, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE,...
The access of 1.2 to 40 MeV protons and 0.4 to 1.0 MeV electrons from interplanetary space to the polar cap regions was investigated with an experiment on board a low altitude, polar-orbiting satellite (0G0 4). A total of 333 quiet time observations of the electron polar cap boundary give a mapping of the boundary between open and closed geomagnetic field lines. Observations of events associated with co-rotating regions of enhanced proton flux in interplanetary space were used to establish the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ELECTRONS, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, POLAR REGIONS, PROTONS,...
Over 3000 hours of IMP-6 magnetic field data obtained between 20 and 33 R sub E in the geomagnetic tail have been used in a statistical study of the tail configuration. A distribution of 2.5 minute averages of B sub Z as a function of position across the tail reveals that more flux crosses the equatorial plane near the dawn and dusk flanks than near midnight. The tail field projected in the solar magnetospheric equatorial plane deviates from the X axis due to flaring and solar wind aberration...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EXPLORER 43 SATELLITE, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, MAGNETIC EQUATOR,...
Recent observations of magnetic fields in the magnetosphere are reviewed, and critical experiments and data are identified for theoretical analysis and interpretation. Quantitative studies of the solar wind interaction with the earth's magnetic field, regional measurements near the earth's equator at R = 2-8 R sub E, the polar cusp region of the geomagnetosphere, and structural models of the neutral sheet region in the geomagnetic tail are considered.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRITICAL EXPERIMENTS, MAGNETIC FIELDS, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE,...
The qualitative properties of an open magnetosphere and its electric field are examined and compared to a simple model of a dipole in a constant field and to actual observations. Many of these properties are found to depend on the separatrix, a curve connecting neutral points and separating different field-line regimes. In the simple model, the electric field in the central polar cap tends to point from dawn to dusk for a wide choice of external fields. Near the boundary of the polar cap...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, ELECTRIC FIELDS, MAGNETIC DIPOLES,...
331
331
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
DEMBOVSKIY, A. V.; ISKOV, M. N.; LISIN, O. G
texts
eye 331
favorite 0
comment 0
THE PHOTODISSOCIATION RATE OF CO2 IN THE ATMOSPHERES OF MARS AND VENUS WAS CALCULATED. ALSO CALCULATED WAS THE HEAT LIBERATION AND INTENSITIES OF EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH PHOTODISSOCIATION. THE TOTAL BULK PHOTODISSOCIATION RATE MONOTONELY DECREASED WITH ALTITUDE THROUGHOUT THE THERMOSPHERE. THE ROLE OF VARIOUS PHOTODISSOCIATION CHANNELS WITH EXCITATION VARIES WITH ALTITUDE. HEAT LIBERATION DUE TO PHOTODISSOCIATION IN THE LOWER THERMOSPHERE (AT ALTITUDES BELOW APPROXIMATELY 115 KM IN MARS AND...
Topics: EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, SPACECRAFT MODELS, GEOPHYSICS, INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM, SOLAR PHYSICS, STELLAR...
The objective of the proposal was to understand the formation and evolution of flux ropes in the Earth's magnetotail. For this purpose we proposed to carry out the modeling of the flux ropes observed by the Geotail spacecraft in the middle magnetotail. The modeling of the flux ropes has yielded vital parameters like the scale sizes and the total flux contents of the flux ropes. The modeled parameters were then compared with the solar wind parameters and the magnetotail parameters (local lobe...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, FLUX, FIELD STRENGTH,...
We have achieved all the goals stated in our grant proposal. Specifically, these include: 1. The understanding of the complexity induced nonlinear spatiotemporal coherent structures and the coexisting propagating modes. 2. The understanding of the intermittent turbulence and energization process of the observed Bursty Bulk Flows (BBF's) in the Earth s magnetotail. 3. The development of "anisotropic three-dimensional complexity" in the plasma sheet due to localized merging and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SPACE PLASMAS, NONLINEARITY, MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS,...
In the following, we provide a summary of our most significant research accomplishments resulting from this contract. For the sake of brevity, most of the projects are explained in a paragraph length, highlighting only pertinent results.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PLASMA INTERACTIONS, RESEARCH, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, KINETIC...
Magnetic field data from the IMP 6 spacecraft are used in an attempt to clarify the magnetic field microstructure of the magnetopause. After discussing the problems in identifying the magnetopause, and the difficulties in determining normal components, the presence of waves in the vicinity of the magnetopause is discussed. The downstream magnetopause is considered and the presence of surface waves on the tail boundary is demonstrated.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC FIELDS, MAGNETOPAUSE, PLASMA WAVES, GEOMAGNETIC...
The purpose of this investigation was to establish the relative roles of solar wind and the internal plasma processes in shaping the structure and dynamics of Jupiter's magnetosphere. We carried out several investigations to establish these roles. Three new research papers have resulted from this work. In the following we provide brief summaries of the main findings.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), JUPITER (PLANET), GEOPHYSICS, PLANETARY MAGNETOSPHERES, SOLAR...
The Virtual Observatories (VxOs) provide a host of services to data producers and researchers. They help data producers to describe their data in standard Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE) terms that enable scientists to understand data products from a wide range of missions. They offer search interfaces based on specified criteria that help researchers discover conjunctions, prominent events, and intervals of interest. In this talk, we show how VMO services can be used with Time...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METADATA, DATA MANAGEMENT, THEMIS PROJECT, DATA RETRIEVAL,...
444
444
May 23, 2011
05/11
by
Schelman, David A.; Jenkins, Phillip P.; Brinker, David J.; Appelbaum, Josep
texts
eye 444
favorite 0
comment 0
Past NASA missions to Mars, Jupiter and the outer planets were powered by radioisotope thermal generators (RTG's). Although these devices proved to be reliable, their high cost and highly toxic radioactive heat source has made them far less desirable for future planetary missions. This has resulted in a renewed search for alternate energy sources, some of them being photovoltaics (PV) and thermo-photovoltaics (TPV). Both of these alternate energy sources convert light/thermal energy directly...
Topics: SOLAR WIND, IONS, INNER RADIATION BELT, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, SATELLITE INSTRUMENTS, MAGNETICALLY...
In situ observations indicate that the dynamical processes in the geoplasma environment generally entail localized intermittent processes and anomalous global transports. It was suggested by T. Chang that instead of considering the turbulence as a mixture of interacting waves, such type of patchy intermittency could be more easily understood in terms of the development, interaction, merging, preferential acceleration and evolution of coherent magnetic structures. In this three-year project, we...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, TURBULENCE MODELS, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC...
During the outbound leg of its passage through the Jovian magnetosphere in the Voyager 2 spacecraft observed 50 traversals of the magnetotail current sheet during a 10 day period at distances between 30 and 130 R sub j. Analysis of these observations shown that the Jovian tail sheet tends to lie approximately parallel to the ecliptic plane and to oscillate about the tail axis with the 10 hour planetary rotation period. The magnetic structure near and within the current sheet was variable with...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CURRENT SHEETS, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, JUPITER ATMOSPHERE,...
The goal of this research has been to study the effects of electrons on magnetotail dynamics and current sheet structure. The approach is to follow ion trajectories in a global model of the magnetotail, use a Boltzmann approximation to include electrons, and then to update the field model according to the currents that are generated by the cross-tail electric field and/or induced fields. Parallel (and perpendicular) electric fields that form are included through the Boltzmann relation....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ELECTRIC FIELDS, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, ELECTRONS, ADIABATIC...
Satellite magnetic field measurements in the geomagnetic tail current sheet are analyzed to determine the normal field component, and other CS parameters such as thickness, motion, vector current density, etc., and to make correlations with auroral activity as measured by the A sub e index. The satellite data used in the initial part of this study were from Explorer 28 and Explorer 34 satellites.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AURORAS, EXPLORER 28 SATELLITE, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, MAGNETIC...
This year we have studied the relationship between the structure seen in measured distribution functions and the detailed magnetospheric configuration. Results from our recent studies using time-dependent large-scale kinetic (LSK) calculations are used to infer the sources of the ions in the velocity distribution functions measured by a single spacecraft (Geotail). Our results strongly indicate that the different ion sources and acceleration mechanisms producing a measured distribution function...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, ION DISTRIBUTION, DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS,...
Three suprathermal ion detectors stationed on the moon were used to detect a region of plasma flowing antisunward along the ordered field lines of the geomagnetic tail, exterior to the plasma sheet. The particle flow displays an integral flux, a bulk velocity, temperatures, and number densities uniquely different from the other particle regimes traversed by the moon. No consistent deviation in the field was found to correspond with the occurrence of the events, which have an angular...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, SOLAR PROTONS, MAGNETOSPHERIC PROTON...
The most frequent and intense waves observed in the geomagnetic tail region are short wavelength electrostatic broadband emissions. Early observations of these waves were made by using IMP 7 and 8 respectively. A broad frequency range for the waves was found, from about 10Hz to several kHz, with an average r.m.s. electric field amplitude of about 1mV/m was found. Other less frequent and less intense wave modes were also identified: magnetic noise bursts and electrostatic electron-cyclotron...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BOUNDARY LAYER PLASMAS, PARTICLE INTERACTIONS, PLASMA...
The guiding center motion of particles in a nearly drift free magnetic field is analyzed in order to investigate the dependence of mean drift velocity on equatorial pitch angle, the variation of local drift velocity along the trajectory, and other properties. The mean drift for adiabatic particles is expressed by means of elliptic integrals. Approximations to the twice-averaged Hamiltonian W near z = O are derived, permitting simple representation of drift paths if an electric potential also...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ADIABATIC EQUATIONS, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, MAGNETIC FIELDS,...
The aim of the project is to establish how much of the magnetotail's total potential is due to flow bursts and how much of this potential maps to the ionosphere. In order to quantify these contributions, we need to develop a reliable method to measure the total cross-polar cap potential and the total reconnection rate across the entire polar cap boundary. This was the goal achieved in the first year of the grant. In the following section, we describe in more detail the activities leading to...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, PLANETARY MAGNETOTAILS, MAGNETIC ISLANDS,...
A series of periodic orbits in the Earth-Moon circular restricted problem of three bodies was found which is ideally suited for exploring the Earth's geomagnetic tail. The mean apsidal motion of the basic highly elliptical Earth orbit was maintained at about one degree per day by a sequence of lunar swingbys, keeping the apogees in the anti-Sun direction. The orbits were periodic in reference frames rotating at both lunar and solar rates. Apogee distances were alternately raised and lowered by...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LUNAR ORBITS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, TWENTY-FOUR...
An approach to collisionless plasma shows the existence of current orthogonal to B along the low latitude boundary layer of the magnetosphere driven by electric field which is orthogonal to both B and the layer. In this case relationship P perpendicular + (sq B/8 pi) - (sq epsilon E perpendicular/8 pi) = constant holds on a line orthogonal to B and the layer, where epsilon is the dielectric constant of the plasma for electric fields orthogonal to B. Across the geomagnetic tail there flows a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIRKELAND CURRENTS, COLLISIONLESS PLASMAS, ELECTRIC CURRENT,...
A fundamental goal of magnetospheric physics is to understand the transport of plasma through the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere system. To attain such an understanding, we must determine the sources of the plasma, the trajectories of the particles through the magnetospheric electric and magnetic fields to the point of observation, and the acceleration processes they undergo enroute. This study employed plasma distributions observed in the near-Earth plasma sheet by Interball and Geotail...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PLASMA LAYERS, PLASMAS (PHYSICS), SOLAR WIND,...
ISEE 3 spacecraft measurements within and near the Earth's magnetic tail is presented. Plots are shown of ISEE 3 magnetic field data. The plots in this volume showing observations from the ISEE 3 vector helium magnetometer experiment were produced from a tape of merged plasma/magnetic field data. The magnetometer produced six vector measurements/sec that were subsequently averaged over one minute intervals before merging with plasma data. Merging was accomplished by associating the nearest 1...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, GEOMAGNETISM, SPACE PLASMAS, ASTROPHYSICS,...
Pioneer 6 observations of proton flare ejected magnetic bottles are reported. The SSC geomagnetic storms, electron density distribution near the sun, and Faraday rotation induced by the flares are included. Magnetic bottle speed is discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, PIONEER 6 SPACE PROBE, SOLAR FLARES, SOLAR...
The Mead-Fairfield geomagnetic field models were used to trace field lines between the outer magnetosphere and the earth's surface. The results are presented in terms of ground latitude and local time contours projected to the equatorial plane and into the geomagnetic tail. With these contours various observations can be mapped along field lines between high and low altitudes. Low altitudes observations of the polar cap boundary, the polar cusp, the energetic electron trapping boundary and the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, GEOMAGNETISM, MATHEMATICAL MODELS,...
226
226
May 23, 2011
05/11
by
Bansal, Narottam P
texts
eye 226
favorite 0
comment 0
Unidirectional CVD SiC(f)(SCS-6) fiber-reinforced strontium aluminosilicate (SAS) glass-ceramic matrix composites containing various volume fractions, approximately 16 to 40 volume , of fibers were fabricated by hot pressing at 1400 C for 2 h under 27.6 MPa. Monoclinic celsian, SrAl2Si2O8, was the only crystalline phase formed, with complete absence of the undesired hexacelsian phase, in the matrix. Room temperature mechanical properties were measured in 3-point flexure. The matrix...
Topics: GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, KINETIC ENERGY, PLASMA HEATING, PLASMA LAYERS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS,...
It is argued that the magnetospheric source region for auroral arc breakup and substorm initiation is along boundary plasma sheet (BPS) magnetic field lines. This source region lies beyond a distinct central plasma sheet (CPS) region and sufficiently far from the Earth that energetic ion motion violates the guiding center approximation (i.e., is chaotic). The source region is not constrained to any particular range of distances from the Earth, and substorm initiation may be possible over a wide...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AURORAL ARCS, BOUNDARY LAYERS, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, ELECTRIC...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Wind mission is the first mission of the Global Geospace Science (GGS) initiative. The Wind laboratory will study the properties of particles and waves in the region between the Earth and the Sun. Using the Moon s gravity to save fuel, dual lunar swing-by orbits enable the spacecraft to sample regions close to and far from the Earth. During the three year mission, Wind will pass through the bow shock of Earth's magnetosphere to begin a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), WIND/GGS SPACECRAFT, PRELAUNCH SUMMARIES, SPACE MISSIONS,...
Dipolarization fronts in Earth's magnetotail are characterized by sharp jumps in magnetic field, a drop in density, and often follow earthward fast plasma flow. They are commonly detected near the equatorial plane of Earth s tail plasma sheet. Sometimes, but not always, dipolarization fronts are associated with global substorms and auroral brightenings. Both Cluster, THEMIS, and other spacecraft have detected dipolarization fronts in a variety of locations in the magnetotail. Using...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, FRONTS (METEOROLOGY), EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE,...
This review identifies a number of the principal research advancements that have occurred over the last five years in the study of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the Earth's inner magnetosphere. The observations used in this study are from the plasma wave instruments and radio sounders on Cluster, IMAGE, Geotail, Wind, Polar, Interball, and others. The data from passive plasma wave instruments have led to a number of advances such as: determining the origin and importance of whistler mode waves...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, GEOMAGNETIC...
We have studied the relationship between the structure seen in measured distribution functions and the detailed magnetospheric configuration. Results from our recent studies using time-dependent large-scale kinetic (LSK) calculations are used to infer the sources of the ions in the velocity distribution functions measured by a single spacecraft (Geotail). Our results strongly indicate that the different ion sources and acceleration mechanisms producing a measured distribution function can...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, ION SOURCES, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION,...
This final report summarizes the development and application of the first ever method to measure a proxy of the global merging along the solar wind-Earth separatrix. The ultimate aim of the project is to quantify the reconnection potential in the magnetotail and the fraction of it that is due to bursty bulk flows (BBFs). To achieve this goal, we developed the first method that allows the measurement of the distribution of reconnection rate along the polar cap boundary. The method was then...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR WIND, SIMULATION, MAGNETOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE COUPLING,...
330
330
May 26, 2011
05/11
by
Stan-Lotter, Helga; Denner, Ewal
texts
eye 330
favorite 0
comment 0
From salt sediments of Triassic or Permian ace from various locations in the world halophilic microorganisms were isolated. Molecular characteristics of several of the isolates suggested they belong to the archaebacteriae. One group appears to represent novel strains; several properties or one such isolate, strain BIp, are described here. The existence of viable microorganisms in ancient sediments would have great implications with respect to our notions on evolution, the search for life in...
Topics: MAGNETOSPHERIC INSTABILITY, CONVECTIVE FLOW, CRRES (SATELLITE), ENERGY TRANSFER, GEOSYNCHRONOUS...
This document includes a viewgraph presentation plus the full paper presented at the conference. The Living With a Star Ion Flux Model (IFM) is a radiation environment risk mitigation tool that provides magnetospheric ion flux values for varying geomagnetic disturbance levels in the geospace environment. IFM incorporates flux observations from the Polar and Geotail spacecraft in a single statistical flux model. IFM is an engineering environment model which predicts the proton flux not only in...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FLUX (RATE), GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, PROTONS, SOLAR WIND, MODELS,...
288
288
May 26, 2011
05/11
by
Stefanescu, S.; DeAnna, R. G.; Mehregany, M
texts
eye 288
favorite 0
comment 0
Steady-state and frequency response calibration of a microfabricated heat-flux sensor have been completed. This sensor is batch fabricated using standard, micromachining techniques, allowing both miniaturization and the ability to create arrays of sensors and their corresponding interconnects. Both high-frequency and spatial response is desired, so the sensors are both thin and of small cross-sectional area. Thin-film, temperature-sensitive resistors are used as the active gauge elements. Two...
Topics: MAGNETIC STORMS, EQUATORS, FIELD ALIGNED CURRENTS, IONS, PLASMA LAYERS, TENSORS, PRESSURE...
It has been known for decades that auroral substorm onset occurs on (or at least near) the most equatorward auroral arc, which is thought to map to the near geosynchronous region. The lack of auroral signatures poleward of this arc prior to onset has been a major criticism of flow-burst driven models of substorm onset. The combined THEMIS 5 spacecraft in-situ and ground array measurements provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine the causal relationship between midtail plasma flows,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC SIGNATURES, GEOMAGNETIC TAIL, AURORAL ARCS,...
The orbital positions of a number of high-altitude satellites, capable of making magnetospheric measurements in the second half of 1977, are described. The following satellites are considered: Vela 5A, Vela 5B, Vela 6A, Vela 6B, Solrad 11A, Solrad 11B, Hawkeye 1, Prognoz 5, Explorer 47, Explorer 50, and ISEE-A/-B. The orbit elements used for generating the satellite ephemeris are shown. Complete presentations of the positions of these satellites for the second half of 1977 are given, as well as...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, GEOPHYSICAL SATELLITES, ORBIT...
An overview of three uncommon trajectory concepts for space missions in the Sun-Earth-Moon System is presented. One concept uses a special class of libration-point orbits called 'halo orbits.' It is shown that members of this orbit family are advantageous for monitoring the solar wind input to the Earth's magnetosphere, and could also be used to establish a continuous communications link between the Earth and the far side of the Moon. The second concept employs pretzel-like trajectories to...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SPACECRAFT ORBITS, SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORIES, SWINGBY...
