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145
Jun 11, 2011
06/11
by
Biswas, A.; Wright, M. W
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A mountain-top-to-mountain-top optical communications demonstration was conducted between the JPL Table Mountain Facility (TMF), Wrightwood, California, and Strawberry Peak (SP), Lake Arrowhead, California, during the months of August and September of 2000. The link was nearly horizontal at an altitude of 2 km and spanned a range of 46.8 km. A 780-nm multibeam beacon broadcast from TMF was received by the JPL Optical Communications Demonstrator (OCD) located at SP. The received beacon was...
Topics: MISSION PLANNING, STELLAR MAGNETIC FIELDS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, IMAGING TECHNIQUES,...
405
405
Jun 26, 2011
06/11
by
Struk, Peter M.; Oeftering, Richard C.; Easton, John W.; Anderson, Eric E
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NASA's Constellation Program for Exploration of the Moon and Mars places human crews in extreme isolation in resource scarce environments. Near Earth, the discontinuation of Space Shuttle flights after 2010 will alter the up- and down-mass capacity for the International Space Station (ISS). NASA is considering new options for logistics support strategies for future missions. Aerospace systems are often composed of replaceable modular blocks that minimize the need for complex service operations...
Topics: SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, STEREO (OBSERVATORY), MISSION PLANNING, NASA PROGRAMS, SOLAR...
726
726
Sep 20, 2010
09/10
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Ackley, Keith A.; Wells, M. Sue; Mayer, Paula S. D.; Blinn, Thomas M.; Decker, Louis P.; Toland, Joel A.; Crump, J. Wesley; Menzel, Christopher P.; Bodenmiller, Charles A., et al
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Information is one of an organization's most important assets. For this reason the development and maintenance of an integrated information system environment is one of the most important functions within a large organization. The Integrated Information Systems Evolution Environment (IISEE) project has as one of its primary goals a computerized solution to the difficulties involved in the development of integrated information systems. To develop such an environment a thorough understanding of...
Topics: SPACE STATIONS, SPACECRAFT CONFIGURATIONS, USER REQUIREMENTS, ASTRONOMY, ASTROPHYSICS, CREW SIZE,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR FLARES, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, SPACECRAFT...
It is recommended that a central data catalog and data access network (CDC/DAN) for solar-terrestrial research be established, initially as a NASA pilot program. The system is envisioned to be flexible and to evolve as funds permit, starting from a catalog to an access network for high-resolution data. The report describes the various functional requirements for the CDC/DAN, but does not specify the hardware and software architectures as these are constantly evolving. The importance of a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DATA MANAGEMENT, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COSMIC RAYS, ASTROPHYSICS, GALACTIC RADIATION, SOLAR...
This German program for basic extraterrestrial research is an essential, successful, and worldwide recognized part of the space program and has the same attributes for basic research in the Federal Republic of Germany. It covers all major scientific disciplines.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ASTRONOMY, ASTROPHYSICS, SPACE EXPLORATION, SPACE PROGRAMS,...
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217
Jun 12, 2011
06/11
by
Teo, K. B. K.; Hash, D. B.; Bell, M. S.; Chhowalla, M.; Cruden, B. A.; Amaratunga, G. A. J.; Meyyappan, M.; Milne, W. I
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Plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) has been recently used for the production of vertically aligned carbon nanotubedfibers (CN) directly on substrates. These structures are potentially important technologically as electron field emitters (e.g. microguns, microwave amplifiers, displays), nanoelectrodes for sensors, filter media, superhydrophobic surfaces and thermal interface materials for microelectronics. A parametric study on the growth of CN grown by glow discharge dc-PECVD is...
Topics: NASA PROGRAMS, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, EXPLORER SATELLITES, HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS, MAGNETIC...
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388
May 31, 2011
05/11
by
Ahn, C.; Ziemke, J. R.; Chandra, S.; Bhartia, P. K
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A recently developed technique called cloud slicing used for deriving upper tropospheric ozone from the Nimbus 7 Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) instrument combined together with temperature-humidity and infrared radiometer (THIR) is no longer applicable to the Earth Probe TOMS (EPTOMS) because EPTOMS does not have an instrument to measure cloud top temperatures. For continuing monitoring of tropospheric ozone between 200-500hPa and testing the feasibility of this technique across...
Topics: CORONAL MASS EJECTION, INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM, SOLAR WIND, SOLAR PROMINENCES, PERIODIC VARIATIONS,...
NASA's Living With a Star (LWS) initiative is a systematic, goal-oriented research program targeting those aspects of the Sun-Earth system that affect society. The Targeted Research and Technology (TR&T) component of LWS provides the theory, modeling, and data analysis necessary to enable an integrated, system-wide picture of Sun-Earth connection science with societal relevance. Recognizing the central and essential role that TR&T would have for the success of the LWS initiative, the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH SCIENCES, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, MISSION...
The international space science community had recognized the importance of space weather more than a decade ago, which resulted in a number of international collaborative activities such as the International Space Weather Initiative (ISWI), the Climate and Weather of the Sun Earth System (CAWSES) by SCOSTEP and the International Living with a Star (ILWS) program. These programs have brought scientists together to tackle the scientific issues related to short and long term variability of the Sun...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, SPACE WEATHER, SUN, CLIMATE,...
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255
Jun 2, 2011
06/11
by
Guruswamy, Gur
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Static aeroelastic computations are made using a C executive suitable for closely coupled fluid/structure interaction studies. The fluid flow is modeled using the Euler/Navier Stokes equations and the structure is modeled using finite elements. FORTRAN based fluids and structures codes are integrated under C environment. The flow and structural solvers are treated as separate object files. The data flow between fluids and structures is accomplished using I/O. Results are demonstrated for...
Topics: PLASMA HEATING, IO, ELECTRON SOURCES, ENERGY TRANSFER, TOROIDAL PLASMAS, GALILEAN SATELLITES, TIME...
This MAP handbook lists the MAP steering and standing committees. Also listed is the regional consultative group, the secretariat, study groups, projects, and national representatives. The major portion of the handbook is taken up with the listing of scientist members by country and the alphabetical index and addresses of scientists.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DIRECTORIES, HANDBOOKS, NASA PROGRAMS, PROJECT MANAGEMENT,...
464
464
May 22, 2011
05/11
by
Mackowiak, C. L.; Ruffe, L. M.; Yorio, N. C.; Wheeler, R. M
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Radish plants (Raphanus sativus L. cvs. Cherry Belle, Giant White Globe, and Early Scarlet Globe) were grown in four different CO2 enriched environments, 0.04, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 kPa (400, 1000, 5000, 10000 ppm). Cultivar responses to CO2 treatments varied, where cv. Cherry Belle showed no significant response to CO2 enrichment, cv. Giant White Globe was moderately affected and Early Scarlet Globe was strongly affected. Enrichment at 0.10 kPa led to greater root dry matter (DM) than 1.00 kPa...
Topics: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS, SHOCK WAVES, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, SOLAR...
The effect of solar flares on the thermosphere and the troposphere is investigated. It is found that during periods of geoeffect solar disturbances, there is a connection between phenomena in the upper and lower atmospheres and that variations in atmospheric parameters correlate with changes in the geomagnetic index.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR FLARES, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, THERMOSPHERE,...
Living With a Star is a NASA initiative employing the combination of dedicated spacecraft with targeted research and modeling efforts to improve what we know of solar effects of all kinds on the Earth and its surrounding space environment, with particular emphasis on those that have significant practical impacts on life and society. The highest priority among these concerns is the subject of this report: the potential effects of solar variability on regional and global climate, including the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, NASA PROGRAMS, CLIMATOLOGY,...
The International Heliophysical Year (IHY) provided a successful model for the deployment of arrays of small scientific instruments in new and scientifically interesting geographic locations, and outreach. The new International Space Weather Initiative (ISWI) is designed to build on this momentum to promote the observation, understanding, and prediction space weather phenomena, and to communicate the scientific results to the public.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SPACE WEATHER, SOLAR ACTIVITY EFFECTS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL...
Only processes in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere are reviewed. General aspects of global atmospheric electricity are summarized in Chapter 3 of NCR (1986); Volland (1984) has outlined the overall problems of atmospheric electrodynamics; and Roble and Hays (1982) published a summary of solar effects on the global circuit. The solar variability and its atmospheric effects (overview by Donelly et al, 1987) and the solar-planetary relationships (survey by James et al. 1983) are so...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY, SOLAR ACTIVITY EFFECTS, SOLAR...
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170
May 31, 2011
05/11
by
Nordeen, M. L.; Doelling, D. R.; Khaiyer, M. M.; Rapp, A. D.; Minnis, P.; Nguyen, L
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Satellite monitoring is used to supplement the paucity of surface data in the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP). By using satellite data, cloud properties and top-of-atmosphere broadband radiative fluxes can be derived and used for a variety of applications. In turn, these products may be used to develop a climatological base for the TWP. The focus of this study is to produce satellite-derived cloud properties over the TWP.
Topics: SOLAR CORONA, CORONAL MASS EJECTION, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS, COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION, THREE...
The International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) program is an internationally coordinated multi-spacecraft mission that will study the production of the supersonic magnetized solar wind, its interaction with the Earth's magnetosphere, and the resulting transport of plasma, momentum and energy through the magnetosphere and into the ionosphere and upper atmosphere. The mission will involve l4spacecraft to be launched between 1992 and 1996, along with complementary ground-based observations and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, PLASMA HEATING, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL...
This report addresses both these features new science enabled by NASAs exploration initiative and enabling science that is critical to ensuring a safe return to the Moon and onward to Mars. The areas of interest are structured into four main themes: Theme 1: Heliophysics Science of the Moon Studies of the Moons unique magnetodynamic plasma environment. Theme 2: Space Weather, Safeguarding the Journey Studies aimed at developing a predictive capability for space weather hazards. Theme 3: The...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS, LUNAR EXPLORATION, MOON, SOLAR PHYSICS,...
A Delta launch vehicle was used to insert Dynamics Explorer A into a highly elliptical polar orbit, ranging from 675 to 24,945 km, and Dynamics Explorer B satellite into a low polar orbit, ranging from 306 to 1,300 km. The two spacecraft are designed to provide specific knowledge about the interaction of energy, electric currents, electric fields, and plasmas between the magnetosphere, the ionosphere, and the atmosphere.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DYNAMICS EXPLORER SATELLITES, SATELLITE ORBITS, SPACECRAFT...
Members of the space science community used the present MSFC NEEDS network. The design and development of improvements and extension of the NEEDS network were designed and development of improvements and extension of the NEEDS network were discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, NEEDS (DATA SYSTEM), SOLAR...
This brochure has been prepared by NASA on behalf of the European Space Agency (ESA), the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan) (ISAS), and the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to describe the scope of the science problems to be investigated and the mission plan for the core International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) Program. This information is intended to stimulate discussions and plans for the comprehensive worldwide ISTP Program. The plan for the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HELIOSEISMOLOGY, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW, MISSION PLANNING,...
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211
Jul 25, 2010
07/10
by
Swamy, K. S. Krishna; Sandford, Scott A.; Allamandola, Louis J.; Witteborn, F. C.; Bregman, Jesse D
texts
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A model based on a mixture of coated silicates and amorphous carbon grains produces a good spectral match to the available Halley data and is consistent with the compositional and morphological information derived from interplanetary dust particle studies and Halley flyby data. The dark appearance of comets may be due to carbonaceous coatings on the dominant (by mass) silicates. The lack of a 10 micrometer feature may be due to the presence of large silicate grains. The optical properties of...
Topics: GEOMAGNETISM, SECULAR VARIATIONS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES,...
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236
Sep 20, 2010
09/10
by
NON
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This document outlines NASA's small planetary projects plan within the context of overall agency planning. In particular, this plan is consistent with Vision 21: The NASA Strategic Plan, and the Office of Space Science and Applications (OSSA) Strategic Plan. Small planetary projects address focused scientific objectives using a limited number of mature instruments, and are designed to require little or no new technology development. Small missions can be implemented by university and industry...
Topics: EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, UPSTREAM, MAGNETOSHEATH, PLASMA INTERACTIONS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS,...
The objective of the Twin Electric Magnetospheric Probes Exploring on Spiral Trajectories (TEMPEST) mission is to understand the nature and causes of magnetic storm conditions in the magnetosphere whether they be manifested classically in the buildup of the ring current, or (as recently discovered) by storms of relativistic electrons that cause the deep dielectric charging responsible for disabling satellites in synchronous orbit, or by the release of energy into the auroral ionosphere and the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NASA PROGRAMS, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, EXPLORER SATELLITES,...
164
164
May 23, 2011
05/11
by
Rudiger, G.; Elstner, D.; Stepinski, T. F
texts
eye 164
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We consider the classic MHD turbulent dynamo operating in a thin, Keplerian accretion disk powered by turbulent viscous stress. The character of the turbulence is encapsulated into two constant parameters: the Shakura-Sunyaev dimensionless viscosity, alpha(sub ss), and the Coriolis number, omega = 2tau(sub corr)omega. The dependence of the total electromotive force on alpha(sub ss) and omega is derived and the dynamo-generated magnetic field is calculated in both kinematic and nonlinear regimes...
Topics: MAGNETOSHEATH, NEUTRAL SHEETS, THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES, PLASMA SHEATHS, HIGH TEMPERATURE PLASMAS,...
Since the publication of the final report of the science study group in October 1984 on the Solar Terrestrial Observatory (STO), its science goals and objectives have been clearly defined and a conceptual design and analysis was carried out by MSFC/NASA. Plans for the possible placing of the STO aboard the Space Station were made. A series of meetings for the STO science study group were held to review the instruments to be placed on the initial STO at Space Station IOC, and the placement of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR OBSERVATORIES, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, SPACE...
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194
May 22, 2011
05/11
by
Vanderhoff, John W.; Kim, J. H.; Sudol, E. D.; El-Aasser, M. S
texts
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The feasibility of preparing large-particle-size monodisperse latexes in a simulated microgravity environment was investigated using a rotating cylinder reactor. A rotational speed of 8 rpm was chosen for the polymerization of polystyrene particles in the size range of 6-60 micron on the basis of results obtained in sedimentation studies. Improved particles-size uniformities were obtained when compared to more conventional polymerization techniques.
Topics: COMPUTATIONAL ASTROPHYSICS, NUMERICAL ANALYSIS, PLASMA PHYSICS, COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION,...
Advances in the understanding of possible effects of solar variations on weather and climate are most likely to emerge by addressing the subject in terms of fundamental physical principles of atmospheric sciences and solar-terrestrial physis. The limits of variability of solar inputs to the atmosphere and the depth in the atmosphere to which these variations have significant effects are determined.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS, CLIMATE, EFFECTS, METEOROLOGY, SOLAR...
For nearly 30 years an often-times heated debate has engaged the substorm community: Do substorms begin with the formation of a new reconnection site in the midtail plasmasheet (the Near-Earth Neutral Line model) or do they begin near the transition region between stretched tail and dipolar field lines (the Current Disruption model). The THEMIS mission, with a coordinated suite of five in-situ spacecraft and ground observatories. has greatly extended our understanding of how substorms initiate...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC STORMS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, THEMIS...
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312
May 22, 2011
05/11
by
Bishop, J.; Murchie, S.; Pratt, S.; Mustard, J.; Pieters, C
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Reflectance spectra are presented here for a variety of particulate, ferric-containing analogs to Martian soil (Fe(3)-doped smectites and palagonites) to facilitate interpretation of remotely acquired spectra. The analog spectra were measured under differing environmental conditions to evaluate the influence of exposure history on water content and absorption features due to H2O in these samples. Each of these materials contains structural OH bonded to metal cations, adsorbed H2O, and bound H2O...
Topics: GEOPHYSICS, PLASMA CURRENTS, INTERNATIONAL SUN EARTH EXPLORER 1, PLASMA COMPOSITION, PLASMA LAYERS,...
This document outlines potential joint scientific studies involving the THEMIS and RBSP missions as a function of mission phase from the commissioning of RBSP in August 2012 through the end of its prime mission in the summer of 2014. It describes consensus recommendations for interspace craft separation, fast survey and burst mode strategies for THEMIS that will enable the two missions to achieve and exceed their common objectives. An appendix describes the need for careful intercalibration of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MULTISENSOR APPLICATIONS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS,...
543
543
Jul 12, 2010
07/10
by
Hayes, C
texts
eye 543
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A series of air-breathing missile configurations was investigated to provide a data base for the design of such missiles. The model could be configured with either twin axisymmetric or two dimensional inlets. Three circumferential inlet locations were investigated: 90 deg, 115 deg, and 135 deg from the top center. Two vertical wing locations, as well as wingless configurations, were used. Three tail configurations were formed by locating the tail surfaces either on the inlet fairing or on...
Topics: MISSION PLANNING, SPACELAB, ULYSSES MISSION, SOLAR PHYSICS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, UPPER...
This proposal is for a no cost extension on the period of performance of the existing grant. The period of performance shall be extended to the end of FY 2003. This extension is required due to schedule changes in the COR1 program. Funding for Phase II and Phase III of this grant has been obtained. This unsolicited proposal was for scientific and engineering collaboration between NASA s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and HAO. Performance testing of the COR1 engineering test unit has been...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CALIBRATING, PERFORMANCE TESTS, CORONAGRAPHS, SOLAR...
Enormous advances have been made in the last quarter century in all of these needed areas, covering the two essential halves of the Sun-Climate question: in what we know of solar variations and, equally important, in what we know of the climate system and of climatic changes. These research achievements allow us to examine all aspects of the question more directly and quantitatively than was ever possible before, and in the brighter light and more objective context of other known or suspected...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR ACTIVITY EFFECTS, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS,...
Simultaneously launched from the WSMC, two satellites are to be placed into polar, copolar orbit in order to acquire data on the coupling phenomena between Earth's lower thermosphere and the magnetosphere, as part of the Solar-Terrestrial Program. The mission sequence, instruments, and science data processing system are described as well as the characteristics of the Delta 3913 launch vehicle, and payload separation staging.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EXPLORER SATELLITES, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS,...
293
293
Jul 12, 2010
07/10
by
NON
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A systems definition study of the solar satellite system (SPS) is presented. The technical feasibility of solar power satellites based on forecasts of technical capability in the various applicable technologies is assessed. The performance, cost, operational characteristics, reliability, and the suitability of SPS's as power generators for typical commercial electricity grids are discussed. The uncertainties inherent in the system characteristics forecasts are assessed.
Topics: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, OZONE, SOLAR ACTIVITY, SPACE SHUTTLE PAYLOADS, EARTH MAGNETOSPHERE, OPTICAL...
The characteristics of tropospheric circulation that are involved in the apparent response of the vorticity area index (VIA) as the solar magnetic field is carried past the Earth by the solar wind are discussed. It is shown that the response is concentrated in the tropospheric regions of most intense circulation, i.e. the central portions of well-formed low pressure troughs. Factors that must be considered when assessing the Sun-weather effect in the years from 1947 to 1978 are included.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELD, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS,...
Variability in solar shape and diameters was examined as a possible probe of an important climatic driving function, solar luminosity variability. The techniques and facilities developed for measuring the solar diameter were used. The observing program and the requisite data reduction were conducted simultaneously. The development of a technique to calibrate the scale in the telescope field progressed to the design and construction phase.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CLIMATOLOGY, LUMINOUS INTENSITY, SOLAR DIAMETER, SOLAR FLUX...
The Dynamics Explorer A and B satellites designed to explore the interactive processes occuring between the magnetosphere and Earth's ionosphere, upper atmosphere, and plasmasphere are described. Effects of these interactions, satellite orbits, data collecting antennas, solar power systems, axes, configurations, and Earth based command, control and data display systems are mentioned.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), EXPLORER SATELLITES, MISSION PLANNING, PRELAUNCH TESTS, SOLAR...
This research program considered modeling the dynamical evolution of the ring current during several geomagnetic storms. The first year (6/01/1997-5/31/1998) of this successful collaborative research between the University of New Hampshire (UNH) and the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) was supported by NASA grant NAG5-4680. The second and third years (6/01/1998-5/31/2000) were funded at UNH under NASA grant NAG5-7368. Research work at UNH concentrated on further development of a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC STORMS, RING CURRENTS, GEOPHYSICS, ATMOSPHERIC...
This paper updates the influence of environmental and source factors of shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that are likely to influence the solar energetic particle (SEP) events. The intensity variation due to CME interaction reported that is confirmed by expanding the investigation to all the large SEP events of solar cycle 23. The large SEP events are separated into two groups, one associated with CMEs running into other CMEs, and the other with CMEs running into the ambient solar...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CORONAL MASS EJECTION, SOLAR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION, SOLAR...
The results of an 18-month study of the requirements for long-term monitoring and archiving of solar-terrestrial data is presented. The value of long-term solar-terrestrial observations is discussed together with parameters, associated measurements, and observational problem areas in each of the solar-terrestrial links (the sun, the interplanetary medium, the magnetosphere, and the thermosphere-ionosphere). Some recommendations are offered for coordinated planning for long-term...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DATA ACQUISITION, DATA PROCESSING, LONG TERM EFFECTS,...
A revolutionary opportunity to explore the consequences of reconnection in the ionosphere as never before will be presented. It is a revolutionary opportunity to explore key Aeronomy emissions on a global scale with spatial and temporal resolution not possible today. For example, observations of the signature of dayside merging and nightside reconnection that are reflected in the auroral oval evolution during disturbed periods and quiet times, will be described; observations that will open a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC FIELD RECONNECTION, AERONOMY, AURORAS, SOLAR WIND,...
This slide presentation reviews the hazards and effects of space weather on earth and in space to humans and manmade systems.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HAZARDS, SPACE WEATHER, SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS, SOLAR...
A global observation was conducted of the vertical distribution of stratospheric aerosol and ozone using the absorption effect of the rays of the Sun by the stratospheric aerosol and ozone.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, OZONE, STRATOSPHERE, VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION,...
The solar wind is the Sun's exosphere. As the solar atmosphere expands into interplanetary space, it is accelerated and heated. Data from spacecraft located throughout the heliosphere have revealed that this exosphere has velocities of several hundred kilometers/sec, densities at Earth orbit of about 5 particles/cm(exp 3), and an entrained magnetic field that at Earth orbit that is about 5 X 10(exp 5) Gauss. A fascinating feature of this magnetized plasma, which is a gas containing both charged...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC FIELDS, MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE, SOLAR WIND,...
El Nino is conventionally defined as an anomalous and persistent warming of the waters off the coasts of Ecuador and Peru in the eastern equatorial Pacific, having onset usually in Southern Hemispheric summer/fall. Some of the statistical aspects of El Nino occurrences are examined, especially as they relate to the normal distribution and to possible associations with volcanic, solar, and geomagnetic activity. With regard to the very strong El Nino of 1982 to 1983, it is noted that, although it...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIR WATER INTERACTIONS, EL NINO, GEOMAGNETISM, SOLAR...
