The processes of acquiring procedures from text are important to understand for both practical and theoretical reasons. This paper outlines a theory of procedure acquisition that is based on empirical and theoretical work on the value of production-system representations of procedural knowledge. The key process in acquiring procedures from text is thus constructing an adequate set of production rules from the textual input. The existing empirical literature is interpreted and criticized within...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bovair, Susan, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM,...
Theoretical and empirical work was conducted on the topic of the role of 'mental model', or how-it-works information, in learning to operate equipment. A general conclusion is that high-quality training on specific procedures is generally superior to training limited to system knowledge, which was relatively difficult to learn and to apply. Additional work was also done on learning procedures from text, which further extended production-system models as an account of procedural learning. The...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kieras, David E, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM, *MENTAL...
This report describes an AI system that learns electronics concepts from the content of training materials similar to those used in military training in practical electronics. The system is given a series of circuits to learn about; each is described with a circuit diagram and a text expressed in propositional form that explains how the circuit accomplishes a specific function. The system uses a naturalistic domain theory to verify the claims made in the text, and then uses explanation-based...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mayer, John H, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM, *LEARNING...
This is the final report for a research contract concerned with further development of computerized aid for preparing comprehensible technical documents. The goal of this project is to develop a computer program that will serve as an editorial tool for improving the comprehensibility of technical documents such as training materials or technical manuals for equipment. The program would take as input a draft document and would output a sentence-by sentence critique of the comprehensibility of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kieras, David E, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM, *COMPUTER...
This report is in two major sections. The first presents a High-Level Grammer Specification Language (HGSL) which greatly simplifies the development of a complex augmented transition network grammar (ATN). A compiler converts HGSL expressions into a transition network which a simple interpreter uses for parsing. The algorithms used by the compiler and interpreter are presented. The second section presents the HGSL for a large grammar for technical prose. The grammar was developed to allow...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mayer,John, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM, *GRAMMARS,...
To be most efficient, an intelligent tutoring system must be based on a thorough analysis of the task that is being trained, and the knowledge, both declarative and procedural, that the learner must acquire in order to perform the task. This paper explores the thesis that constructing a cognitive simulation model of the task is an efficient approach to characterizing this content. Because the simulation model must be explicitly stated in order to carry out the task properly, the model acts as a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kieras,David E, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM, *SIMULATION,...
Training materials in practical electronics appear to follow a building blocks approach in which common simple circuits are presented and then combined into more complex circuits. Each circuit is presented in the form of a circuit diagram and an explanation of how the circuit works in terms of a causal chain of events. Such materials suggest that teaming electronics consists of learning schemas for the building block circuits; complex circuits can then be understood as combinations of these...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kieras, David E, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM, *LEARNING,...
The Computerized Comprehensibility System (CCS) generates a critique of the comprehensibility of a technical document, using techniques and results from artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology. This report is a guide for the maintainer or developer of CCS. It is not intended as a tutorial on the mechanisms used in CCS, but to allow the qualified programmer to rapidly understand the internal mechanisms of CCS in order to correct, modify, or extend the grammar and criticism rules in CCS....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kieras, David E, MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM,...
This standard outlines the elements, organization, and design of scientific and technical reports, including guidance for uniform presentation of front and back matter, text, and visual and tabular matter in print and digital formats, as well as recommendations for multimedia reports. ANSI/NISO Z39.18-2005 (R2010)
Topics: American National Standards Institute, ANSI, ANSI/NISO Z39.18-2005 (R2010), document structure,...
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Closed captions transcript: 00:00:00 I'm Steve Miller V.O.A. 00:00:02 News. That's the latest world news from the 00:00:09 oh. You're listening to the African music mix on the floor 00:00:16 some never. 00:01:06 Play 00:01:07 a. Song and. Play 00:01:16 . 00:02:45 No I don't. 00:03:02 Want to. Come. 00:03:11 Back So it's a this is. Going to be 00:03:16 a sex. Slave. 00:03:42 Old. Long long. 00:03:51 Long long. 00:04:00 Long week. 00:04:09 Coming week. 00:05:40 Who do you want to hear chances are...
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Closed captions transcript: 00:00:00 Shamas in London according to the airlines totaled lies from Gatwick he try and 00:00:04 hunt in City airports will being cancelled or delayed due to systems issue British 00:00:08 Airways said it was relying on back off 00:00:10 a manual systems and counselled 81 flights to operate from Heathrow and 10 got 6 00:00:16 flights more than 200 other flights were delayed the airline said passengers could 00:00:21 be booked for another day British Airways is not...
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Closed captions transcript: 00:00:00 I'm Joe Palca reporting that 00:00:02 a series of suicide bombings in militant raids in Afghanistan has killed dozens of 00:00:07 people 00:00:08 a day after construction work on the much awaited Afghan section of an international 00:00:12 gas pipeline was begun an Afghan interior ministry spokesman said 00:00:16 a suicide bomber on Saturday blew himself up near 00:00:19 a security post in Kabul killing at least 3 people and wounding several others 00:00:24...
Topics: Radio Program, Education, Documents, Technical communication
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