DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 371 770
IR 055 108
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TITLE
INSTITUTION
REPORT NO
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NOTE
AVAILABLE FROM
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Naber, G.
An Agricultural Library: Its Start and Management.
Publication 50.
International Inst, for Land Reclamation and
Improvement, Wageningen (Netherlands) .
ISBN-90-70754-274
91
123p.
International Institute for Land Reclamation and
Improvement, P.O. Box 45, 6700 AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands ($22 U.S.; quantity discounts up to
40%) .
Books (010) — Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055)
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DESCRIPTORS
IDENTIFIERS
MF01/PC05 Plus Postage.
^Agriculture; Foreign Countries; ^Library
Administration; Library Automation; ^Library
Collection Development; Library Development; Library
Facilities; Library Funding; Library Instruction;
Library Material Selection; Library Personnel;
^Library Planning; Library Services; ^Special
Libraries
*Agricul tural Information; ^Agricultural Libraries ;
Netherlands
ABSTRACT
This book is designed to provide the information
needed to start a new agricultural library. The guide covers a wide
range of topics including information sources, acquisitions
procedures, and public relations. It provides addresses of publishers
and information sources; a list of common abbreviations; a ground
plan for a library; and information on library equipment. Topics
covered in the six chapters are as follows: (1) "Collection Building"
explains scientific information, selection criteria, and information
on journals, series, books, pamphlets, and reference books; (2) "Ways
of Overcoming a Shortage of Funds" lists methods of overcoming
funding problems; (3) "Library Personnel" examines training, job
descriptions, and professional reading for library staff; (4)
"Library Management" covers ordering, catalogues, classification,
loans , automation, services , statistics, and budgets ; (5)
"Agricultural Information Sources" lists online literature retrieval
sources; hosts and vendors; compact discs; and information on
institutions relevant to agriculture libraries; and (6) "Library
Instruction and Public Relations" covers library instruction,
planning, and public relations. Included in the appendices are lists
of agricultural journals, reference books, and library science
j ournals . (JLB)
* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made *
* from the original document. *
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"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS
MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
M. A. Bos
TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."
An Agricultural Library :
It^ Start and Management
G. Naber
Publication 50
International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement,
P.O.Box 45, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1991
In 1983, an agreement was reached between the institutions of the Dutch Government
Service for Agricultural Research/0L0 and the University of Agriculture in Wagen-
ingen. This agreement stated that the institutions and the University would pursue
a policy of collaboration in their libraries and in their documentation and information
services.
Ten Wageningen libraries, each covering a specific discipline, will eventually be
involved in this collaboration. The Library of the Staring Building, which is adminis-
tered by 1LRI, has been designated to cover the discipline 'Land, Soil, and Watef.
The collaborating libraries at present support k p?.rtnef libraries in Benin, Indonesia,
and Mozambique. Libraries in five other countries will receive support in the near
future. It is intended that the 'partner' libraries pass on the benefits of the 'Wageningen*
collaboration to agricultural institutions in their own countries.
DLO*s Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation/Pudoc is the active
pivot of this collaboration.
To support the start and subsequent management of agricultural libraries
in developing countries, Pudoc-£>LO will distribute copies of this book to
selected universities and research institutions in such countries.
In 1980, the International Association of Agricultural Librarians and Docu-
mcntalists'IAALDand Pudoc published A Primer for Agricultural Libraries.
which was written by Olga Lcndvoy. A useful tool in those days, it is now
outdated. Consequently, when G. Naber returned from three years in Mozambique
with an outline of An Agricultural Library : Its Start and Management. IAALD and
Pudoc encouraged him to publish it, seeing it as a fitting successor to A Primer for
A grit -ulti tral L ibraries .
< International Institute Tor Lund Reclamation and Improvement /I LRI
Wageningen.The Netherlands.
This hook or any part thereof may not he reproduced in any form without the written permissl
of'ILRl
ISBN 90 70754 274
Printed in The Netherlands
Acknowledgements
In 1984, Mr Jose Rodriguez Pereira, the Dean of the Faculty of Agronomy and Forest
Engineering of the Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique, stated that
a well-chosen library was essential in strengthening education and research. He said
that students should be encouraged to use the library during their training to help
them prepare for their professional careers. Subsequently, when the proposal for the
Plant-Soil-Water Project. First Phase, was formulated between the Eduardo Mond-
lane University and the Dutch Directorate-General for International Cooperation,
the Project's ten-man team of expatriates included myself as librarian. This book is
a secondary benefit of that three-year period of cooperation.
Many persons have supported me in preparing the book. In the first place is my
wife Petra, with whom I discussed all items in detail. Her keen mind and valuable
comments upgraded the quality of the manuscript.
During my ten years as a librarian, 1 have written many publications, several in
English. Thanks to Margaret Roche, ILFTs senior scientific editor, all my double-
Dutch was transformed (not just translated) ih;o readable English, acceptable for sci-
entific journals.
I would also like to express my appreciation to Joop van Dijk, ILRTs draftsman,
for the sensitivity with which he made the drawings for the book.
G. Naber
5
Foreword
Inadequate training for information workers has long been among the most prominent
constraints to an efficient and effective delivery of information for agricultural
research and extension. Even in the developed world, where university programs for
librarians and information specialists are numerous, specialized training for agricul-
tural information workers is largely unavailable. Librarians, documentalists, and
information specialists are expected to learn on the job, or to apply their general know-
ledge to a field - agriculture - that has unique properties.
In the developing countries, the problem is even more acute. The need for training
in the techniques of agricultural information has been identified continuously over
the past thirty years by every major forum of agricultural librarians, documentalists,
and information specialists in the tropics, as the most pressing problem to be solved,
aside from funding. University programs for library and information workers are
scarce, and such programs as exist may not meet the needs of a professional in the
modern library or information centre.
Good programs are needed to provide basic training for library workers. Library staff
members are usually eager to learn new techniques and better ways of handling infor-
mation, but without training opportunities, the ability of staff members to grow in
their jobs is limited. Staff training opportunities function to the benefit of the entire
institution. Not only is the career path of the individual library staff member improved
through training, but as the productivity of the information unit is enhanced, scientific
researchers are also better able to meet their own goals. Because training has such
a high potential for return on the investment, it behooves research institutions to do
what is possible to mount local training courses with the goal of optimizing the use
of the information resources that are available both human and material.
The first requisite for good training courses is that of good training manuals. Some
years ago, 1 AALD (the International Association of Agricultural Information Special-
ists) published a Primer for Agricultural Libraries, and this manual was eventually
translated into a number of different languages. Now 1LR1 has offered 1AALD the
opportunity to support the production of another training manual. The Association
is both pleased and proud to do so.
The manual presented here. An Agricultural Library: Its Start and Management.
offers agricultural information workers a wealth of information on basic information-
centre activities. The guide covers a wide range of topics from information sources
and acquisitions procedures to library services and public relations. It provides
addresses of publishers and information sources, a list of common abbreviations, a
ground plan for a library, information on equipment, and other much needed data
for the new 1 brary or information centre.
While the manual is designed to provide the information needed to start a new
library, it also provides the information needed to train a new staff worker in an exist-
ing information centre. There is a good deal of material that is also of use to long-term
staff members who want to improve their skills or to understand the functions of
workers in another area of the library.
While no single reference source can cover every situation that will arise, or provide
all the information needed on sources of agricultural literature, this manual does a
very fine job of covering the key areas. It is readable, and the material is clearly orga-
nized by subject sections and appendixes. Users will be able to adapt it to local needs
as they see fit.
For all these reasons, IAALD is pleased to have been offered a part in sponsoring
the publication of this training guide. The members of the Training and Education
Committee of IAALD, and all the members of the Executive Committee, wish the
information professionals who will be using the manual the best of luck in their training
activities.
Joseph H. Howard
Director,
National Agricultural Library
and
President,
International Association of
Agricultural Information Specialists
IAALD
Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A.
Susan C. Harris
Director,
Ruben Salazar Library
and
Training and Education
Committee, IAALD
Sonoma State University
Rohnert Park, CA 94928,
U.S.A.
7
Contents
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.7
Collection Building
Structure of Scientific Information
1.1.1 Regulatory Mechanisms
Qualify Selection
Qualitative Concentration
Selection Criteria in General
1 .2. 1 Requests to Acquire a Publication
1 .2.2 Publications Offered to a Library
Abstract Journals - Databases
Journals
1 .4. 1 Selection Criteria for Journals
1 .4.2 Where to Find Journal Titles
1 .4.3 Pages of Contents
1.4.4 Administrative Aspects of Journals
Shelf Order for Older Volumes of Journals
Shelf Order for the Most Recent Issues of Journals
Catalogue of Journals
1.8
Series
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
Selection Criteria for Series
Where to Find Scries Titles
Administrative Aspects of Series
Shelf Order of Series
Ca taiogue of Series
Books
1.6.1
1.6.2
1.6.3
1.9
Selection Criteria for Books
Where to Find Book Titles
Administrative Aspects of Books
Shelf Order of Books
Catalogues of Books
Pamphlets
1 .7. 1 Selection Criteria for Pamphlets
1 .7.2 Where to Find Pamphlet Titles
1.7.3 Administrative Aspects of Pamphlets
Shelf Order of Pamphlets
Reference Books
1 .8. 1 Selection Criteria for Reference Books
1 .8.2 Administrative Aspects of Reference Books
Shelf Order of Reference Books
Catalogues of Reference Books
Miscellaneous Documents
13
13
14
14
14
15
17
17
18
19
19
19
20
20
20
22
22
23
23
23
23
23
24
24
24
24
25
25
26
26
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
27
27
28
Ways of Overcoming a Shortage of Funds
29
8
3 Library Personnel 3]
3. 1 Training Possibilities for Library Personnel 3 1
3.2 Job Descriptions for Library Personnel 32
3.3 Journals for Library Personnel 33
4 Library M anagement 34
4.1 Analyses of the Use of the Library and Its Users 35
4.2 Ordering 36
Payment 36
4.3 Catalogues 38
4.3. 1 Catalogues for Books, Reference Works, and Pamphlets 38
What io Enter on a Catalogue Card 39
Production of the Cards 39
4.3.2 Call Numbers 40
4.3.3 Catalogues for Journals/Series 40
4.3.4 Stock Book 41
4.3.5 Computerization of the Catalogue*- 41
4.4 Classification System 41
4.5 Accessions 42
4.6 Loan Administration 43
Opening Hours 43
Who Can Borrow? 43
W hat Can Be Borrowed? 44
How L oi ig . Ho w Mat iv? 44
4.6.1 Inter-Library Loans 44
4.7 Computerization of the Library 46
4.8 Documentation 46
4.9 Library Services 47
4.10 Statistics 48
4. 1 1 Budget 49
4. 1 2 Ground Plans for a Library 49
5 Agricultural Information Sources 50
5.1 Online Literature Retrieval 50
5.2 Hosts, Online Services, Vendors 5 1
5.3 Compact Discs 52
5.4 Information on Institutions 53
6 Library 1 nstruction and Public Relations 55
6.1 Library Instruction 55
6.1 .1 Introductory Talk 55
6.1.2 Instruction Sessions 55
6.2 Development Plan 56
6.3 A Library's Right of Existence 56
6.4 Public Relations 56
References 57
9
List of Appendices
Appendix 1 Starting a Small Library ^
Order Catalogue 58
Cataloguing 58
Catalogues 59
A Classification System? Yes or No? 59
Call Numbers and Shelving Order 60
Borrowing 60
Loan Administration 60
Returned Books 61
Some Measurements 61
Three Examples of Small Libraries and Their Possible
Organization 61
Appendix 2 Abbreviations 63
Appendix 3 List of Agricultural Journals Organized under UDC 65
UDC 0 9 General 65
UDC 57 Biology Botany 65
UDC 55 1 .5 Agro-Meteorology 67
UDC 63 Agriculture 67
UDC 634.1,635.8 Fruits Horticulture "70
UDC 63 1 .3 Agricultural Engineering 7 1
UDC 63 1 .4. 63 1 .8 Soil Science Soil Fertility 7 1
UDC 631 .52 Plant Breeding 72
UDC 631 .6 Rural Engineering "73
UDC 632 Plant Diseases 73
UDC 632.7 Entomology 74
UDC 632.9 Plant Protection and Pest Control 74
UDC 633.2 3 Grassland Rangcland "75
UDC 681 .3 Computers 75
Appendix 4 List of Newsletters of International (Research) Organizations 76
Appendix 5 Addresses of National and International (Research)
Organizations and Their Journals 77
Appendix 6 Addresses of Publishers and Booksellers 83
Agricultural Publications 83
Portuguese Spanish Publications 85
Reference Books 85
Appendix 7 List of Subject Groups 87
Appendix 8 List of Reference Books 90
Bibliography of Dictionaries 90
Encyclopedias c ^
Multilingual Dictionaries 90
Descriptive Dictionaries ^2
Abbreviations c ^3
10
Atlases 93
Information Sources 94
Geographical Information 96
Study Abroad/Courses 96
Directories 96
Grants 97
Appendix 9 Journals on Library Science 98
Abstract Journals/Reviews 98
Administration/Management: 99
• Acquisitions 99
• Audio- Visual 99
• Lending, Document Supply \ 00
• Microform 100
• One-Person Library ]00
• Security 100
• Serials \ qq
Agricultural Libraries 100
Automation/Microcomputers 101
Cataloguing/Indcxing.Classification 101
Collection Management 102
Information/Online Retrieval 1 02
Libraries (in a broad sense) 1 03
Maps 105
Portuguese Journals 1 05
Special Libraries 106
Training Education 1 06
Appendix 10 Addresses of Some Library Organizations and Their Journals 107
International 107
Australia 107
Brazil 108
England 108
France 108
India 108
Latin America 109
U.S.A. 109
Appendix 1 i Example of a Form Letter for Establishing an Exchange
Agreement 1 10
Appendix 1 2 Example of a Cover and a Page of an Accession List 1 1 2
Appendix 1 3 Example of a Computer Configuration for a Small Library 1 14
Appendix 14 Agricultural Databases M6
Appendix 1 5 Example of a Leaflet about a Library 1 20
Appendix 16 Two Examples of Ground Plans for a Library 121
Appendix 17 Library Regulations 122
11
1 Collection Building
Today, the combination of sophisticated printing techniques and the worldwide accel-
eration of scientific research is producing vast amounts of information. Obviously,
the results of scientific research must be made available to those who need them. Need-
less duplication of research can be prevented if scientists are aware of what other scien-
tists are doing. But because of the great quantity of information being produced and
the variety of ways in which it is published, a scientist faces a formidable task in keeping
track of it all.
The main task of a librarian is to channel this great flow of information and make
it accessible to the scientist. Before he can do so, however, he must understand the
structure of scientific information and the regulatory mechanisms that control it.
1.1 Structure of Scientific Information
producer ol .
literature
user of
literature
: * A :
Information is often defined as 'knowledge in motion between people*. What we are
dealing with here is 'documentary knowledge in motion between scientists'. The struc-
ture of this process is shown in Figure 1 .
The manuscript produced by a scientist may
become an article in a journal, a paper in the pro-
ceedings of a congress, or a book. All this is called
primary literature. It is offered directly to the reader
through his subscription to the journal or his pur-
chase of the proceedings or the book. Or it may be
offered to him indirectly through a library, where
it can be retrieved by way of the catalogue. This
applies to the entire book, to the congress proceed-
ings in their totality, and to the journal as a whole.
But it doc3 not apply to individual chapters of the
book, to individual papers in the proceedings, or to
individual articles in the journal, which are v losf in
the library catalogue.
The 'loss* of these items has led to the creation
of secondary literature, which treats the chapters,
the papers, and the articles as separate publications.
The original 'packaging* is undone and the items arc
'repackaged* according to subject.
Secondary literature is compiled by abstracting
and indexing services. It constitutes a guide to the
contents of primary literature. These guides are either kept in libraries or supplied
directly to their potential users.
(Another type of secondary literature which docs nor enter this discussion is that
intended as a register of all publications and aiming at 'Universal Bibliographic Con-
primary
titeraturc
secondary
literature
tertiary
literature
primary
literature
secondary
literature
tertiaiy
literature
l-igure I Structure of transfer of doc-
umentor} knowledge between scien-
tists
13
12
troP. Examples arc national bibliographies and publishers' catalogues.)
Secondary literature can be retrieved through tertiary literature, which presents in-
ventories of the indexing and abstracting journals that are the guides to primary litera-
ture. Such publications often have titles like A Guide to Literature on .... or Information
Sources in the Field of
1.1.1 Regulatory Mechanisms
Obviously, not all scientific literature produced is equally valuable. Fortunately, how-
ever, a scientist need not read everything that is published to keep informed of develop-
ments in his field. A number of regulatory mechanisms control the flow. These arc
quality selection and qualitative concentration.
Quality Selection
At the start of the process of quality selec-
tion, which comprises five sieves (Figure
2), a manuscript either becomes a publi-
cation or it does not. Of the many that
do, only a few finally remain as classical
articles or books. After ten years, more
than 98 per cent of scientific work is en-
tirely forgotten.
Qualitative Concentration
Four precepts describe the process of qualitative concentration:
The 'star system. A natural concentration of quality occurs among scientists,
usually in the form of a 'school*, headed by one or more of the leaders in a field.
These 'stars' attract other 'stars' and the process of qualitative concentration con-
tinues. Slamecka and Zundc (1971) claim that n 2 scientists will produce // 'stars;
or, of every 500 scientists. 22 'stars' will appear;
A ranking order of journals. The articles of 'star* scientists tend to be published
in prestigious journals. Other authors working in the same field will then try to
get their work published in the same journal. With greater numbers of manuscripts
submitted to journal editors, they can afford to become ever more critical, selecting
only the best articles. In this way, a journal spirals upwards in quality. It will be
cited more frequently than others, will be more readily included in library collec-
tion/, and will be consulted more often than journals not kept by the library;
Bradford's law. Bradford (1948) investigated the way in which articles on a certain
subject arc scattered over various types of journals. He discovered he could divide
the journals into three categories, each of which contains one-third of the total of
articles, as follows:
• I -3 in a small number of specialized professional journals;
14
a» manuscripts
*>eve book publishers editors of lourndls
Steve 2 editors ot abstract journals
• •••••••••••••sieve 3 citation by other authors
•••••••••• sieve 4 inclusion in a critical review article
••••••sieve 5 time
• classical jrtidc or book
!igure2 The live sieves of qu«i lit> selection
(Loosjcs 1978)
13
• 1 /3 in a much larger number of journals in related fields:
• 1 /3 in all other journals.
The ratio of journals in each category is 1:5: 25. So, if in one year 375 articles
are published in 155 journals, 375 -=- 3 == 125 articles will be published in each
category. Category 1 will cover about 5 journals. Category 2 about 5 x 5 = 25
journals, and Category 3 about 5 x 5 x 5 = 125 journals (or one article in each
journal);
The 80/20% rule. This rule applies to many things. Dispensingchemists, for instance,
have found that 80 per cent of the prescriptions they make up require the use of
only 20 per cent of their range of stock. Similarly, librarians have found that 80
per cent of the requests they receive are for 20 per cent of the literature on their
shelves. The rule also applies to scientific articles. 80 per cent of all articles on a
subject being found in 20 per cent of the journals.
Using his knowledge of the structure of scientific information and its regulatory mech-
anisms, a librarian can define criteria that will help him decide which publications
to include in the 'ibrary's collection.
1.2 Selection Criteria in General
As funds, trained staff, and space are scarce in any library, these resources should
not be wasted by including publications that are of little or no use. No matter whether
publications are ordered, received under an exchange agreement, or acquired as a
gift, strict selection criteria should be applied to them.
This seetion deals with selection criteria in general. These are useful for all kinds
of publications. Specific criteria for specific publications (journals, books, series, pam-
phlets, and reference works) will be treated in separate sections in this chapter.
In defining selection criteria, a librarian should keep the following matters in mind:
- The lectures being given by the mother organization and/or the research it is con-
ducting will mainly determine the subjects of the publications that the library will
contain. Not everything published on agriculture is needed: only those documents
on relevant subjects. A list of the codes of subjects of the Universal Decimal Classifi-
cation/UDC will help in making the right choices. This list, as it pertains to agricul-
ture, can be found in Appendix 7;
- A particularly strict selection has to made from among all kinds of publications
offered to the library free of charge. A library is not an archive! One need not keep
everything: offers may be thrown away;
• A library will not keep documents that concern the mother organization, or parts
of it (e.g. mission reports, development plans, letters to the director);
A library serves people working in the same field, who arc therefore interested in
the same books and journals. Sometimes, individuals within an organization are
involved in subjects slightly outside the scope of the organization. They often gather
publications from the 'grey literature* and ask the library to handle them. Keeping
all these publications for the use of one person means a lot of work. And although
staff members should normally be discouraged from keeping publications just for
15
14
J> ■
i
their own use, in these eases the library should help them to organize a small special-
ized collection in their own office. Instructions on how to set up and manage these
very small, often temporary, libraries arc set out in Appendix 1 ;
If a library is being rehabilitated, the use of the existing collection will to a large
extent determine which publications should be kept. An analysis of the loan adminis-
tration will show how the collection is being used, revealing which persons borrow
what. An analysis of lists of references or bibliographies in publications by staff
members also gives an insight into the use of the library. Such analyses, however,
do not reveal which publications a user might have wanted but could not obtain.
Oral or written inquiries among users might shed some light on this matter. Often,
however, it is not quite clear whether respondents indicate the publications they
really missed or whether they also indicate the publications they feel they should
have read, but would not actually have used. This kind of analysis can also reveal
which languages should be included and which should not;
Once all this information has been gathered, a librarian must keep up with new
developments. He should therefore be regarded as a member of the academic staff,
and should attend any meetings they have;
According to the 'star* principle, publications from famous authors, institutions,
and publishers should be included in the collection. A second edition of a publication
often indicates a 'star' publication. Before acquiring it, however, the librarian should
check whether it differs significantly from the first edition. A comparison of the
number of pages is often a good indicator;
In agriculture, quite a lot of information loses its importance as it grows older.
Publications more than, say, seven years old should therefore be subjected to a really
strict scrutiny;
Publications on agriculture in the country where the library is located should all
be included in the collection;
So. too, should any publications written by staff members of the mother organiza-
tion, if only because people outside will expect the library to have them. The librarian
can encourage staff members to deliver their publications to the library by explaining
to them that, through the library links, their publications will be included in the
databases of information and documentation services such as the Commonwealth
Agrici Uural Bureaux International CABI and the United Nations' Food and Agri-
culture Organisation FAO;
People reading publications by staff members are often interested in the works listed
in the references or bibliography. Authors should therefore be encouraged to hand
in these publications to the library. If they have been borrowed from another library,
consideration could be given to acquiring them;
A library should not only 'follow' the mother organization by including those sub-
jects that cover the organization's main efforts; it should also 'guide' the mother
by acquiring publications on new developments which are, or are becoming, the
focal point of discussion, whether inside or outside agriculture;
Publications from international (research) organizations like the CGIAR institu-
tions, the World Bank, the F.uropcan Community, NTIS. GPO. and UNESCO need
not all be kept, but their recent catalogues should be available in the library. If
users ni'sd these often very interesting publications, they should be ordered. Infor-
mation on how to order them should be gathered and kept up to date.
16
15
In later sections, the above criteria will be further refined for each specific type of
publication. But first, the following aspects of collection building will be dealt with:
- How to deal with requests from users to acquire certain publications;
- How to act when publications are offered to the library.
1.2.1 Requests to Acquire a Publication
To build a good collection, a librarian needs all the support he can get from specialists
in a subject. They should be encouraged to make suggestions for acquisitions and
to assist in judging which publications to acquire. On the other hand, they may make
suggestions that are beyond the scope of the library (i.e. that do not meet the criteria
for collection building). Sometimes, it is difficult to convince such people that those
publications should not be acquired. In case of doubt, the following action could be
taken:
If the person merely suggests a title, it is reasonable to ask him for more information;
It is not always necessary to buy a publication. If it can be foreseen that it will
be used only for a short time and only by a few people, it might be more economical
to borrow it from another library;
If many publications arc requested together, one should remember that scientists,
especially those v orking in agriculture, do not spend much of their time reading.
One might acccp'. the request, but take no further action until the person inquires
again.
A librarian should acquire a good knowledge of the activities of staff members. This
will enable him to judge whether the requested publication fits in with their work,
or whether other staff members will be interested as well;
1 .2.2 Publications Offered to a Library
Many publications arrive in a library either through an exchange agreement or as
a gift. These require a specially strict selection.
If any such publications are rejected, they should be clearly marked as rejects. After-
wards, they might be handed over to a staff member who is interested. If the rejects
return to the library after a while, it can be seen that they have been rejected before.
This saves much unnecessary work.
Rejected publications are often donated to other libraries. This means a lot of work
for the library offering them, but also for the library receiving them. It is never clear
to me why people hate to throw publications away, even if they are written in an
unfamiliar language or are of no scientific importance. But although lots of publica-
tions offered free of charge to libraries arc on the same level as old newspapers, they
cannot even be used *to wrap up the fish\
Nevertheless, any publications offered to a library should always be accepted. Some
of them may be valuable. These arc often easy to spot. But one should point out
to the donor that it is impossible to promise to keep and catalogue all publications
offered.
17
18
If people offering publications are of the opinion that these should be kept and
catalogued, it is always possible to accept them, but then ;o take no further action
until the person offering them inquires again.
Sometimes staff members retiring from the organization leave an interesting collec-
tion, often restricted to a certain subject. Cataloguing all these publications is a great
deal of work. If they arc really valuable, the collection as a whole could be included
in the catalogues, under the heading of the name of the person offering them. If the
collection concerns more than one subject, some extra cards should bc^placed in the
classified catalogue to cover each of these subjects.
1 .3 Abstract Journals - Databases
In pre-computer days, the publishers of abstract journals confined their activities to
collecting the material and distributing the product. In the early seventies, they started
using computers, especially to produce the indexes on a monthly and annual basis.
By recording the entries for future editions of abstract journals on computer tapes,
they were able to offer the information to users in other ways (e.g. for online retrieval).
Until 1970, the scientist found his information
by leafing through books, journals, and cata-
logues. With the information available on tape,
much of this 'paper work* has been made super-
fluous. A scientist now sits in front of a computer
terminal and, via a worldwide communication
network, links up with a host computer or ven-
dor, which supplies him with the required infor-
mation in a fraction of the time (Figure 3).
Online literature retrieval depends considera-
bly on good communication lines. These lines are
not always reliable, particularly in developing
countries. The arrival of databases on compact
disc has solved this problem. (Sec further in Sec-
tion 5.3: Compact Discs). Nowadays, the follow-
ing arc available on compact disc:
AGRICOLA, prot J *d by the National Agri-
cultural Library;NAL in the U.S.A.:
AGRIS, produced by FAO in Italy:
CABI, produced by the Commonwealth Agri-
cultural Bureaux International in the U.K.;
TROPAG, produced by the Royal Institute of
the Tropics in The Netherlands.
Condensed information on agricultural data-
bases, taken from Online Databases in the Medi-
cal and Life Sciences, which is published by
Cuadra Flsevier, is given in Appendix 14. Some of them are only available on com-
puter tape: others have a hard-copy issue, either on paper or on compact disc.
IK
l-'igure 3 Via a u nrkta klc communica-
tions network, the terminal-user links up
with online s> stems
17
It is not easy to decide which abstract journals to keep in a library. Those issued by
the Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International/CABI are excellent; expensive
but good. AGRITROP (issued by the Centre de Cooperation Internationale en
Recherche Agronomique pour le DeveloppemcnKCIRAD) and Abstracts on Tropical
Agriculture (issued by the Royal Institute of the Tropics), although containing fewer
citations, deal specifically with agriculture in the tropics and sublropics. They are
therefore worthwhile acquiring.
1 .4 Journals
1 .4. 1 Selection Criteria for Journals
The following types of journals might be considered for inclusion in the library collection:
- Journals whose articles are often cited in the abstract journals of CABI. In that
way. if someone t, » in interesting title in CABI. he can also find the article;
Journals dealing with agriculture in a practical way (e.g. Farmer's Weekly):
Journals dealing with applied agricultural research, rather than more fundamental
research;
Journals dealing with a broad subject (e.g. agronomy, crop science, soil science,
fertilizers, pest management) rather than journals dealing with more specific subjects
(e.g. groundnuts). Of course, if an organization spends much of its efforts on specific
subjects, journals on those subjects should be included;
Journals on agriculture from countries with the same climate;
- Newsletters from international (research) institutions;
Journals with an editorial board of well-known scientists ('stars*), working in similar
countries and; or climates;
Journals on more general subjects (e.g. Sew Scientist) or on computers (e.g. Byte
or PC Resource).
1.4.2 Where to Find Journal Titles
Abstract journals list the titles of journals and the articles that appear in them. From
them, it is possible to judge the value of a journal for the library.
The Union Catalog of Serials in International Agricultural Research Centres IARCs
contains 5,300 journal and serial titles from fourteen IARCs, including some non-
CG1AR centres. A hard copy can be obtained from ICRISAT. Software to enable
the database to become a CDS/ISIS application has also been developed. CDS'ISIS
is a menu-driven generalized Information Storage and Retrieval System, designed and
made available by UNESCO.
The International Union List of Agricultural Serials is a combined list of journal
and serial titles indexed in AGRICOLA, AGRIS, and CABI. The book gives full
bibliographic details of over 1 1.500 journals and serials published in 129 different
countries, with titles in 53 languages. It can be obtained from CABI.
Appendix 3 gives a list of journals on agriculture in a broad sense. The list contains
titles and addresses only, but most publishers will be glad to supply a specimen copy
19
IS
if requested. It is also possible to ask a sister library to send a photocopy of the front
and back cover of a journal, its page of contents, and the inside of its cover pages,
which often present information about the editor, the editorial board, th? scope cover-
ed, and subscription costs.
Appendix 4 lists newsletters of international (research) institutions.
Journals or bulletins that publish pages of contents give a good idea of the scope
of a journal.
1.4.3 Pages of Contents
Non-profit and commercial organizations regularly produce journals consisting of
the pages of contents of journals. Well-known within agriculture are:
Current Contents on Agriculture, Biology, and Environment, published by the Insti-
tute for Scientific Information, 3501 Market Street. Philadelphia PA 19104, U.S.A.;
- Pages of Content = Paginascle Contenich = Pages f k> Matters* published by Ccntro
Internacional dc Agricultura Tropical/CI AT. The various journals cover the follow-
ing subjects:
• General Agriculture;
• Plant Physiology:
• Plant Protection;
• Soils and Plant Nutrition;
• Pastures. Animal Production, and Nutrition;
• Agricultural Economics and Rural Development;
A Quarterly Bulletin of Contents, published by the International Livestock Centre
for Africa/1 LCA. The Bulletins cover the following subjects:
• Forage Agronomy and Soil Science;
• Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology;
• Animal Nutrition:
• Animal Breeding and Genetics;
• Animal Health and Veterinary Medicine.
1 .4.4 Administrative Aspects of Journals 2 V k
Figure 4 Bindo-matic. Binds up lo 25 documents or 500 pages at one time. Precision -applied thermal glue
electronically ensures that documents stay permanently bound.
20
19
ERJ.C
Figure 5 Boxes for storing journals and pamphlets
Older volumes of journals are often shelved in the alphabetical order of their titles.
This shelf order has two disadvantages:
- If a subscription to a new journal is taken out. all the older journals will have to
be moved to incorporate the new one;
- Journals do not always have clear titles. Users know them by different names. Is
it FAO Monthly Bulletin of Statistics or Monthly Bulletin of Statistics'? Is it Gloho
Rural or Revista Globo Rural)
A better shelving arrangement for journal volumes is to place them in the order in
which the journals were acquired by the library. Each journal is given a T number
(T for journal). A new journal is given the latest number. This is wrtten on a sticker
on the cover of the journal. Shelf labels will show where Nos. 1 , 50. 100, etc., start.
An alphabetical catalogue or list of journals will give access to the journals on the
shelf. If this list is stored in a computer, it is easy to update.
When a volume of journals is complete, it should be bound, but this is a time-con-
suming and expensive process (Figure 4). Thin journals with soft covers can therefore
be better kept in small boxes (Figure 5). More voluminous ones can stand on their
own.
If money is available to buy back-issues, acquisitions on microfiche should be con-
sidered. Sometimes microfiches are cheaper. Even if they are not, they save a lot of
space in a library.
21
* 20
o
lERjC
Shelf Order for the Most Recent Issues of Journals
Figure U Sol of shelves lor ihe display
of i he lalesi issues of journals. Behind
ihe front flap is spaee for preeeding
issues.
The latest issues of journals are kept in a set of
shelves (Figure 6). The most recent issue is placed
at the front of a sloping flap, which is hinged at the
top. Behind the flap, there arc two shelves with space
for about eight of the preceding issues. The journals
are arranged according to their T number.
A more sophisticated but also more complicated
system is to arrange the journals in som;- five to ten
broad subject groups. If this system is adopted, the
journal receives, besides its T number, also a
number representing its broad subject group.
Some journals contain information that has only
a limited lifetime. These journals need not be kept
for very long: nor need they be given a Y number.
Other journals have a lifetime of between three to five years. To save space in the
library, only the volumes within this time span are kept. Each time a new vc t unie
becomes available, the oldest one is discarded.
Catalogue oj Journals
For each journal, one card (Figure 7) is kept in a kardex (flat-lying) system (Figure
8). The cards are arranged in alphabetical order by the lettcr-for-letter system.
Figure 7 Kardex card, The small
part of ihe card (below the perfor-
ated line) makes it possible to use a
typewriter to fill in the card. After
the relevant information has been
typed on the card, it is removed
from the lypew riler and the small
part is detached.
Figure S Kardex. a Hal-King journal register sWoni
Current and non-current journals arc
placed together in one system. A sepa-
rate list is kept for the current journals;
this is used for administrative purposes
to check each year whether the subscrip-
tion has been paid and/or whether the
journal is still arriving in the library,
(See further in Section 4.3.3.)
21
1.5 Series
1.5.1 Selection Criteria for Series
Nearly every research institution in the world publishes its results in one or more of
its own series of publications. A variety of names are used: Bulletin of Series of
Miscellaneous Paper, etc. They are often published irregularly and arc mostly
offered in exchange or free of charge to anyone interested.
In the library, the administration of these series is difficult and time-consuming.
The scientific value of their contents varies considerably, even within the same series.
Often, their contents have a somewhat regional character, making it difficult to judge
whether it is worthwhile having them in the collection.
This difficulty can be overcome by only including series from well-known internatio-
nal research institutions such as the Food and Agriculture Organisation FAO, the
Emprcssa Brasilcira de Pcsquisa Agropecuaria/EMBRAPA, and those belonging to
the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, CGI AR (e.g. IRR1,
C1MMYT, CI AT, IITA). (See Appendix 2 for a list of abbreviations and Appendix
5 for the addresses of these institutions.)
The value of items in a series increases if they are catalogued so that they can be
found, not only under the name of the scries, but also under their author's name,
and their title or subject.
1 .5.2 Where to Find Series Titles
Many of the publications of international research institutions can be found in the
book Publications of International Agricultural Research and Development Centers
(1989), published by IRRI.
Publications of international organizations arc announced in catalogues of the fol-
lowing publishers: Agribookstore; Josef Margraf; SATIS; TRIOPS Tropical Scientific
Books. Their addresses can be found in Appendix 6.
The latest publications of international research institutions arc usually announced
in their newsletters (Appendix 4).
1.5.3 Administrative Aspects of Series
Shelf Order o f Series
The sequence of scries on a shelf is determined by the date of arrival of the first of
the scries in the library. Each scries receives a number, which is written on a sticker
gummed to each item in the series, precccdcd by a *S' (for 'Scries'). Different scries
from the same institution are grouped together. Annual Reports are treated as being
a special scries of an institution. Labels on the shelves show where publications from
an institution are kept. The labels can be made with the machine shown in Figure 9.
Sometimes, series consist of monographs, each treating different subjects in a way
that they become equal to a book. In such cases, it is difficult to decide whether to
23
22
Figure 1 ) A label-maker, a
machine for printing let-
ters on tape
place the monograph with the books or to keep the scries together. Most users
remember the name of the institution publishing the series, rather than the author
or title.
Catalogue of Series
For each publication in a scries, one card is kept in a kardex system. The cards are
arranged in alphabetical order of the institutions' names. Within each group, the cards
arc arranged in alphabetical order of the type of publication (e.g. Annual Report,
Bulletin). Current and non-current scries arc registered in this catalogue. (Sec further
in Section 4.3.3: Catalogue for Journals/Series.)
1.6 Books
1.6.1 Selection Criteria for Books
Only those books that are of direct use for the teaching and/or the research being
conducted by the mother organization should be kept by the library. (For their selec-
tion criteria see Section 1.2.)
Proceedings of congresses arc often highly specialized. They arc also expensive,
whereas many of the papers in them are not relevant to the mother organization. Staff
members attending a congress often receive the proceedings free of charge. Normally,
it is organization policy that publications received by staff members become the prop-
erty of the organization. They should therefore be kept in the library.
1 .6.2 Where to Find Book Titles
Book titles can be found in publishers' catalogues, which, on request, will be sent
to the library on a regular basis. Appendix 6 presents addresses of publishers of agricul-
24
23
tural literature. Their catalogues are probably the best place to look for interesting
titles. Other places are:
- Abstract journals;
•- Newsletters, under the headings: New Publications, Recently Published, or Publica-
tions Received;
- Book reviews.
Booksellers often prepare lists of book titles from various publishers, sometimes even
arranged according to subject. Examples of such booksellers are Heffers in England,
Livraria Portugal, Mundi Prensa Libros in Spain, and Livraria Nobel in Brazil.
Some booksellers (e.g. Bumpus Haldane and Maxwell) invite their customers to
send a list of keywords on subjects handled by the booksellers. The bookseller regularly
runs these keywords through a computer containing all new book titles. The result
of the computer search is printed on small slips of paper, giving the book title and
an abstract. These arc then sent to the customer.
The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Coopcration/CTA has published
Tropical Agriculture: Selected Handbooks. This catalogue is a guide to English language
books on agriculture and rural development in the tropics and sub-tropics. It is a compi-
lation of 405 standard reference works that arc still in print and available. The subjects
covered are farming, animal husbandry, fisheries, post-harvest operations, etc.
1 .6.3 Administrative Aspects of Books
Shelf Order of Books
Most users do not like catalogues. They want to
browse through the collection. This means that
/ the library should be of the free-access type. Prob-
/ lems with theft will have to be overcome by good
j surveillance, but it is almost impossible to prevent
/ some books from being stolen. If books are
marked with a blind stamp (Figure 10), indicating
that they are the property of the library, this will
discourage thieves.
In a library, books disappear not only because
they arc stolen; quite a few get lost' because they
are misplaced on the shelf. Others are not
returned by users who borrowed them. Often, the
mother organization's own staff members arc the
worst culprits; they borrow books from one
another or lend them to persons outside the orga-
Rgure 10 A blind stamp nization without informing the library staff.
On the shelves, the books are arranged in
broad subject groups. These groups are based on the Universal Decimal Classification/
UDC. Within each group, the books are placed in alphabetical order of the first three
letters of the author's name. (For an example of a list of broad subject groups, see
Appendix 7.)
2S
24
Catalogues of Books
For each book, cards are placed in catalogues of authors, titles, subjects, geography,
and a shelf list. The cards are arranged in alphabetical order under the letter-for-letter
system. If there are more books by the same author, the sequence will be determined
by the year of publication, the most recent being placed first. (See further in Section
4.3.1: Catalogues for Books, Reference Works, Pamphlets.)
1.7 Pamphlets
1 .7.1 Selection Criteria for Pamphlets
Pamphlets cover a category of publications containing less than fifty pages. They are
thus reprints of journal articles, booklets, publications that form part of a scries, and
so on. A library receives a lot of material of this kind. Much of it has no scientific
value or does not fit within the scope of the library, so a severe selection is necessary.
Reprints arc rejected because they are treated by documentation and information ser-
vices, which include them in their databases. As an exception, some pamphlets, includ-
ing reprints, will be kept, but only if they:
- Have a review character;
Are written by staff members;
Arc about agriculture in the country where the library is located;
Arc from key persons ^stars');
Are listed in the references of staff members' publications;
- Arc about new research subjects;
Are about new equipment, new measurement techniques, etc.;
Arc published in unexpected places (e.g. an article on crop breeding in a journal
dealing with soil science).
1 .7.2 Where to Find Pamphlet Titles
Interesting titles can be found in newsletters, abstract journals, and in the reference
lists of interesting articles. More often, they are offered by several sources in amounts
larger than a librarian appreciates.
1 .7.3 Administrative Aspects of Pamphlets
Shelf Order of Pan \phlets
Pamphlets are placed in the same broad subject groups as the books. Within each
group, they are arranged according to the first three letters of their author's name.
The cards are placed in the catalogue for books. No separate catalogue is kept for
pamphlets.
Pamphlets issued by international organizations like FAO, EMBRAPA, and the
26
25
CGIAR institutions will be brought together under the name of the institution and
kept in boxes.
1.8 Reference Books
1 .8.1 Selection Criteria for Reference Books
The selection criteria for books and journals can also be applied to reference books.
Reference books, however, are not restricted lo agriculture. They should be able to
provide answers to all kinds of questions raised by users. This makes it difficult to
decide which reference works to include. It depends on the situation.
Appendix 8 lists possible reference books. Not all of them need be acquired by
the library, but it will be of help to the librarian just knowing that they exist and
where he can order them.
1.8.2. Administrative Aspects of Reference Books
Shelf Order of Re ference Books
All reference books should be kept together and arranged in the following groups:
'D: Encyclopedias, technical dictionaries, geographical information, glossary and
linguistic dictionaries. Most of these dictionaries treat one subject. Those dealing
with the same subject should be brought together under the same broad subject
groups as used for books. If necessary, they could be given a sequential number
of the order in which they were acquired. The code for placing will be of the following
type:
D(dictionary) 63(subject) 1 (sequence number). Linguistic dictionaries should be
placed in Group 80 1 ; encyclopedias in Group 0 9:
'A* Acronyms, 'D1R' Directories, and *AT Atlases are kept in separate groups,
arranged within each group by sequential number;
T Information guides usually treat one subject. They should be arranged in subject
groups, and within each group by a sequential number.
Specific bibliographies arc not grouped together. Instead, they are placed with the
relevant collections of books and pamphlets according to subject group.
Catalogues of Reference Books
Reference books should be treated in the same way as books and pamphlets and placed
in the same catalogue. To bring them together in the classified catalogue, the following
UDC codes are used:
27
26
- Group (038);
Monolingual dictionaries 80 1 ,32 1 . 1 ;
Bilingual dictionaries 80 1 .32 1 .2;
Multilingual dictionaries 801.321.9;
- Group W (083.73);
Group 'DIIT (058);
- Group 'AT (084);
- Group T (02).
1.9 Miscellaneous Documents
Publishers, booksellers, and wholesalers of library equipment who send their cata-
logues to the Hbn r y often send a new version each year. These catalogues should
be kept in boxes, arranged alphabetically under the name cf the publisher, bookseller,
or wholesaler. The reasons for doing this are the following:
Users often ask for these catalogues;
The same catalogue arrives at the library in different ways and at different times.
By keeping them together, the librarian can easily check whether he already has
the catalogue.
28
27
2 Ways of Overcoming a Shortage of Funds
Most libraries suffer from a shortage of funds, but there arc various ways of overcom-
ing this, as will be explained below.
The Third World Academy of Sciences has set up a donation scheme under which
it is willing to consider requests from libraries in developing countries for important
and badly-needed scientific textbooks. Requests for such books can be made on forms
that can be obtained from:
The Office of the Executive Secretary
Third World Academy of Sciences
Co International Centre for Theoretical Physics ICTP
P.O. Box 586
34100 Triest
Italy
The titles, authors, and publishers of the requested literature should be stated on the
form.
The British Book Council also considers requests for books. A representative of the
Council can be contacted through the British Embassy.
The English Language Book Society/ELBS is funded by the Overseas Development
Administration of the British Government and is administered by the Low-Priced
Books Department of the British Council. The Society makes available unabridged
editions of British publishers' textbooks, chosen by specialists for their value to stu-
dents in developing countries. The books arc priced at between one-third and one-half
of the price of the cheapest publishers' editions. Catalogues giving full information
about individual titles can be obtained from the original publisher or his agent. Orders
for books should be sent to:
The English Language Book Society
The British Council
65 Davies Street
London W1Y2AA
United Kingdom
In many countries, the shortage of foreign currency hinders the import of publications.
In some of these countries, UNESCO coupons, the values of which are expressed
in U.S. dollars, can be purchased with national currency and used to pay for the foreign
book purchases. In every user country, there : s a body responsible for the sale of the
coupons. Further information and a list ot the national distributing bodies can be
obtained from:
The UNESCO Coupon Office
7 Place dc Fontenoy
75015 Paris
France
29
28
Representatives of international aid organizations often visit institutions in developing
countries, and sometimes spend some time in the library. For these visitors, the library
should keep a list of publications it would like to have, in the hope that the visitors
will be willing to supply or fund them. For books that are urgently needed, of course,
one cannot merely wait for a visitor to turn up. To cover these cases, aid organizations
could place a small deposit with one of the international booksellers* Afterwards, on
a regular basis, the library could justify the way it spends the money.
Aid organizations arc seldom willing to fund subscriptions to journals because in
this way they commit themselves for long periods. Sometimes, they can be persuaded
to pay a subscription for a period of five years, with a commitment to pay once only.
Subscriptions are even cheaper that way.
The major donation schemes in existence have been described by Carol Priestly in
The Book Famine: A Selective Directory for Book and Journal Assistance to
Universities in Africa'. It was first published in the Journal of the International African
Institute {\99Q) Vol. 60(1): pp 135-148, and is available as a reprint from:
International African Institute 1AI
Lionel Robbins Building
10 Portugal Street
London WC2A 2HD
United Kingdom.
3 Library Personnel
The personnel required in a library and the education and skills they should have will.
The library attendants will be responsible for:
Book and journal administration;
Cataloguing and book preparation for shelving;
- Loan administration;
- Day-to-day affairs.
Few libraries have unlimited resources, so priorities may have to be set for the people
the library will serve. The following ranking order could be observed:
Staff and students of the mother organization;
Persons outside the organization, but working in similar fields;
Others.
In performing their tasks, the library personnel will use:
The library's own collection;
Collections of other libraries (inter-library loans, resource sharing);
Information made available by documentation and information services, online
retrieval, databases on compact discs.
3.1 Training Possibilities for Library Personnel
Good personnel are the backbone of a library, but well-trained people arc not always
available. They will therefore have to be trained on the job, or sent to attend courses
of course, vary from one li-
brary to another. Ideally, a
library should have a librar-
ian and one or more library
attendants (Figure 1 1 ).
The librarian will be res-
ponsible for:
Figure 1 1 Librar\ attendants at the loan desk
- Overall management and
policy-making:
The collection of publi-
cations;
Classification and docu-
mentation;
Reference and informa-
tion work:
User instruction.
31
30
in or outside the country. Before people are sent on courses, however, a clear descrip-
tion should be made of the work the library will be required to do. This should be
followed by an analysis of the strong and weak points of the persons who will be
appointed as library personnel. A comparison of these points with the work to be
done will identify the training needs.
Information on training can be found in:
- International Guide to Library and Information Science Education : A Reference
Source for Educational Programs in the Information Fields Worldwide. Eds. J. Riss
Fang and P. Nauta. Saur 1985. IFLA Publication 32. 537 pp.
Study Abroad 1989-1990-1991. Vol 26. UNESCO 1989. 1394 pp.;
FID News Bulletin, which includes a newsletter on training programs for informa-
tion personnel.
Possibilities for grants can be explored in the books listed under the heading 'Grants'
in Appendix 8. Appendix 10 gives the addresses of some library organizations. The
International Federation of Library Associations IFLA will supply the addresses of
specific library organizations.
3.2 Job Descriptions for Library Personnel
Within an organization where personnel can
change their positions quite rapidly, a certain
consistency in careers can be guaranteed if job
descriptions arc clearly recorded on paper.
In job descriptions for library personnel,
attention should be given to the place the lib-
rary occupies within the mother organization.
This place can have consequences for the
doctor salaries of the library personnel. The two pos-
sible places the library might occupy arc
shown in Figure 12. These arc:
The library is at the same level as the other
departments of the mother organization:
The library is part of the office administra-
tion of the organization, or at least at the
adm n.s!ta!ior*
aaTrhswatton
jMrsonnct a'»a.»
Figure 1 2 Possible organizational schemes of
a uniwtMty or research institution, showing same level,
the position of the library
In the job description, the position of the per-
son concerned in relation to the librarian or to any subordinate persons should be
made clear.
All aspects of the job should be analyzed and recorded. The responsibilities that
go with the job should be clearly set out. This will protect the person concerned against
staff members or others who expect him to do things that arc not part of his job.
People often try to enlist the services of library personnel for their own purposes.
When the analysis of the weak and strong points of the library personnel is compared
32
31
with the job descriptions, the training needs will become definitive. If the person con-
cerned is interested and there arc no constraints, the selection of a course can start.
The person should be made aware of his future prospects if he successfully completes
the course.
3.3 Journals for Library Personnel
Nowadays, developments in library and information science are intensive and fast,
and it is important that library personnel keep up with those developments. The library
should therefore subscribe to some of the journals that cover these subjects. Appendix
9 gives a list of such journals. The list also includes journals on very specific subjects.
If changes are being contemplated in the operation of the library, a subscription to
some of these journals could be very useful.
32
33
4 Library Management
When a new library is being started or an existing one is being rehabilitated, decisions
have to be made on many matters: ordering, shelf order, cataloguing, classification,
accessions, loan policy and administration, computerization, documentation, services,
statistics, and budget. All these matters will be treated in separate sections in this
chapter, but first, the philosophy behind them will be explained.
A library is there, above all, for its users. Each decision that is made should take
their wishes into account. Users arc not interested in whether a library scores high
by the standards of library science. What they want is to get the information they
need quickly and without fuss. This general philosophy has various consequences,
which will be discussed below:
- One catalogue should cover all the various kinds of publications in the library. In
this way, the user does not have to know whether what he is looking for is a book,
a pamphlet, an FAO publication, or part of a series;
If publications are known under different names, they should not be entered in
the catalogue strictly by cataloguing rules. Instead, they should be entered under
their different names to ensure that users can find them;
- There should be one shelf order, so that call numbers for different collections of
publications have the same structure;
- Users should have free access to all the publications in the library. They like to
browse through the collection, ignoring tools like classified catalogues, and ignoring
the fact that the most popular publications arc not on the library shelves, but on
the desks of their fellow library users;
Users should be made aware of new publications. The latest issues of journals and
newly-arrived books should be on display;
On the question of whether journals should be circulated, it must be said that most
library users like to receive the journals in their own offices where they can sit and
read them at their leisure. But, from the library's point of view, journal circulation
has the following disadvantages:
• Some journals have to be constantly available in the library. If they arc also circu-
lated, a double subscription would be needed;
• Journal circulation, even if computerized, is very labour-intensive;
• Unless the circulation is strictly controlled, journals easily get lost;
• If journals are circulated, users will visit the library less often and will not be
aware of other newly-arrived publications;
A reading table full of unimportant journals will not be used. That implies that
the one or two interesting ones among them will also be missed;
Most users have only limited time to read, so they should not be confronted with
an overwhelming number of new publications. A strict selection has to be made;
When an existing library is being rehabilitated, outside experts arc often asked to
help. Each of these experts has his own ideas, ovcrstrcssing the advantages of his
own system and exaggerating the disadvantages of any others. In reality, the diffcr-
34
33
ences between the various systems are not that big. But an expert proves his existence
best by overemphasizing the chaos he found and describing the many changes he
felt were needed to clean up the mess. Nevertheless, every change in shelf order
or classifying system means a great deal of work. And if the change cannot be com-
pleted, the result will be two systems operating in the one library. Imagine what
a third expert with totally new ideas would do to these two already existing systems!
The result could only be chaos! It is therefore often wiser to accept a somewhat
imperfect situation and to avoid making too many changes;
I n every library, there are backloads (i.e. publications not placed in the library collec-
tion or in its catalogue). Most of these works are old and unused. Some people
will say they are not used because users do not know of their existence. Other argue
that they are not very interesting. Most users will have already browsed in this kind
of literature and will have selected the more useful and interesting works. Backloads
do not deserve a high priority. A librarian's first task is to deal with the newly-arrived
publications and offer them to the users. If he starts on the backload. he must make
a severe selection, and must organize the work in a way that does not interfere
with the other work in the library.
4,1 Analyses of the Use of the Library and Its Users
As was discussed briefly in Section 1.2 (Selection Criteria in General), the analyses
of how the library is used and by whom arc invaluable in deciding which publications
to include in the collection. These analyses can also reveal information that will be
helpful in managing the library.
An analysis of use can be done by analyzing the loan slips, which tell 'Who borrowed
what?' Another way is to analyze the lists of references in publications by staff
members. These lists tell even more clearly which publications have actually been con-
sulted.
The 'Who?' can be divided into staff members and students of the mother organiza-
tion, persons from outside but working in similar fields, and others. If the management
of the mother organization has doubts about whether the library is being used, this
analysis may remove those doubts. This information might also convince aid organiza-
tions that many people will benefit from any support they give. Other institutions
using the library, after seeing the results of this analysis, might feel that some support
on their part is warranted.
The 'What?' can be divided into kind of publication, age of publication, language
of publication, and who the publication cites.
The results of these analyses can be compared with the existing policy in the library.
Sometimes, this may reveal that changes are necessary. Some considerations might
be:
Are the number of monographs used in accordance with the number of monographs
bought or acquired?
If many of the borrowed publications belong to the 'grey literature', this could mean
that the library should give more attention to establishing exchange agreements
and asking for publications free of charge;
If many publications included in reference lists are not available in the library, this
35
34
could mean that inter-library loans should be better organized or that more funds
are needed to buy publications;
- If many articles arc included in reference lists, are they from well-known journals
or from more obscure ones? If from obscure journals, this could mean that the
library ought to give more attention to creating its own documentation system.
Or it could mean that users should be encouraged to use abstract journals and online
facilities;
- The age of publications will reveal which of the older works should be retained
in the collection. This information will also be valuable when weeding out the collec-
tion or dealing with backloads;
Research is often a continuation of research already done by an author. This might
justify many self-citations, but it could also mean that no literature retrieval - or
not enough - was done. This, in turn, could mean that the library ought to give
more attention to its reference services, to abstract journals, or to online facilities.
The advantage of analyzing the loan slips or reference lists is that the actual use of
publications is registered. In contrast, in reply to written or oral enquiries, people
do not always tell what they actually used, but include what they think they ought
to have used. The disadvantage of 'use analysis' is that it provides no information
about any other use of the library. It docs not, for example, reveal whether a user
read an article or looked up some infoimation in a reference book. This kind of infor-
mation can only be gathered via enquiries or by observing the user at work in the
library.
4.2 Ordering
After a librarian has decided which titles he will order, ask for under an exchange
agreement, or acquire as a gift (all from now on referred to as 'ordered'), he should
check whether they are already in the collection or whether they have already been
ordered. For each book that is ordered, a card should be prepared and kept on file
in alphabetical order of the author's name. When the book arrives, the card should
be removed from the file. This prevents duplication.
Deserving special attention arc new editions of publications. Docs the new edition
really add any new information? A comparison of the number of pages is usually
a good indicator.
Publishers' catalogues often announce forthcoming publications that are not yet
finished. Sometimes, it takes quite a while before they become available. Then, they
often appear under a different title or by a different author. To avoid confusion, it
is often better to wait with ordering such publications until they are definitely available.
Payment
Payment for purchases can be made with UNESCO coupoi. bank cheques, or any
other suitable means. To avoid laborious procedures, a deposit account could be
opened with one or two well-known booksellers.
36
35
Appendix 1 1 gives an example of an international standard contract for exchange
agreements. Asking for publications in exchange is only possible, of course, if the
mother organization is also publishing.
Piaase S6Ki We lO'iowng DuDicat-on '.c ILRl
P O B0« 45 6r0O AA Watjensngen The Neihenancs
ILR1
l' any chargos a»e <nvoivea please sefXJ a oro forma invoice Poslbus 45
6700 AA Wageruncjer
wage^rvgeo S'gnatufO Netherlands
Figure 1 3 Example of it request card for publications
Numerous organizations offer their publications free of charge. A request on a pre-
prepared card or letter (Figure 13) often gets good results. In some cases, these works
can only be ordered with standard order forms or according to certain rules. For the
following organizations, these standard forms or information on how to order should
be gathered in advance:
European Community, EC Office for Official Publications of the EC, 5 Rue du
Commerce, Postbus 1003, Luxemburg;
Food and Agriculture Organisation- FAO. Distribution and Sales Section, Via Delle
Tcrme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy; 7
- Micro Info, 300 North Zeels Road, Box 91 , Ann Arbor, Michigan MI 48 106, U.S.A.
Distribution centre for publications of NTIS, GPO, World Bank, etc.;
National Technical Information Service/NTIS, U.S. Department of Commerce,
5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia VA 22161, U.S.A. NTIS is a self-sup-
porting agency, established to foster technological development through the disse-
mination of government-funded research findings and results. Available are over
1.6 million technical reports describing the results of research conducted by the
most prestigious government, university, and corporate research organizations in
the U.S.A. and abroad. Publications made available through NTIS arc also supplied
by Micro Info;
UNESCO, Division of Book Development and International Cultural Exchanges,
7 Place dc Fontcnoy, 75700 Paris, France;
United States Agency for international Development. USAID, Research and Devel-
opment Report Distribution Center, P.O. Box 353, Norfolk, Virginia VA 23501,
U.S.A;
U.S. Government Printing Office GPO, Superintendent of Documents, Wash-
ington DC 20402, U.S.A. GPO complements NTIS by publishing all popular report
titles originating from U.S. government agencies. As the principal publishing agency
of the Federal Government, GPO has in stock a collection of some 25,000 to 30,000
titles, including government and consumer publications, science and technology,
legislative documents, and congress reports. Some 3,000 titles are added to the col-
lection each year;
37
36
- University Microfilm International. UMI, 30-32 Mortimer Street, London,
WIN 7RA, England. UMI publishes doctoral dissertations at the rate of 30,000
new titles a year. These products are available in hardback, paperback, or micro-
form. The UMI 'Datrix' computer stores the titles and bibliographic data on 700,000
dissertations. On request and on payment of U.S. S30, a computer search can be
done in a certain field of interest, giving up to a maximum of 1 50 titles;
- World Bank, Publication Unit, 1818 H Street North West, Washington DC 204H
U.S.A.;
- World Meteorological Organization, Publication Sales Unit, Avenue Guiseppc
Motla41, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland.
4.3 Catalogues
The publications in the library should be registered in the following card catalogues:
- Catalogue for books, reference works, pamphlets, and interesting publications as
part of a series;
Catalogue for journals, newsletters, publications that contain articles on more than
one subject;
• Catalogue for series. Publications often from (research) institutions, each treating
a separate subject, with a series title in common.
4.3.1 Catalogues for Books, Reference Works, and Pamphlets
For books, reference works, and pamphlets, cards could be prepared for the following
catalogues:
Author Catalogue: The cards are arranged in alphabetical order of the author's
name. If no author's name is available, the name of the sponsoring or publishing
organization determines the order;
Title Catalogue: The cards are arranged in alphabetical order of the first word of
the title, disregarding unimportant words like The' or 'A'. This catalogue is not
always kept in a library, which is understandable because it is of little extra help
in retrieving titles and involves extra work:
Classified or Subject Catalogue: The cards arc arranged by subject on the basis
of the Universal Decimal Classification;
Geographical Catalogue: The cards are arranged by geographical location. If many
questions are expected on certain countries or regions, this catalogue can be very
useful;
Shelf List; The cards are arranged in the same order as the publications on the
shelf in the library. A shelf list is useful in keeping a check on the library stock.
l ; or each collection (books, pamphlets, various groups of reference works), a shelf
list should be made. A shelf list should not be used as a classified catalogue because
it ignores the fact that publications often treat more than one subject.
At the very least, a library should keep an Author Catalogue and a Classified Cata-
logue.
38
37
What to Enter on a Catalogue Card
Figure 14 shows an example of a catalogue card, which has the following information
(the 'book description') entered on it:
- Author (or authors);
- Call number;
Title;
• • Place of publication, publisher, year of publication;
- Number of pages;
- Series title, if applicable;
Classification code.
G.Nabcrand 631.6 NAB
P.M. van den Heuvel
Drainage: An Annotated Guide to Books
and Journals. Wageningcn: ILR1 1984.
47 pp. (Bibliography. ILR1. No. 18)
Annotations.
UDC
631.62(02)
Figure 14 Example of a catalogue card
Book descriptions can be made in accordance with the American Library Association's
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules or with the International Federation of Library
Associations' International Standard Bibliographic Descriptions for monographic
publications, for non-book materials, and for series.
Production of the Cards
The catalogue cards can be produced
with the help of a Minigraph, a small
stencil machine (Figure 15). Weber,
711 W. Algonquin Road, Arlington
Heights, Illinois IL 60005, U.S.A.,
produces the Minigraph 120. A new
one will cost about U.S. S2,()00.
Besides the minigraph, special sten-
cils and library cards will be needed,
both of which arc rather expensive.
For the example given in Figure
14, a total of five cards need to be
produced. On each card, the relevant
39
38
9
item of information for each catalogue is underlined. Two cards will be entered in
the Author's Catalogue: in one, 'Nabcr' will be underlined; in the other, wan den
Hcuvel\ One card will be placed in the Classified Catalogue, with the number '63 1 .62'
underlined. The word 'Drainage* will be underlined for the Title Catalogue, and the
number '63 1 .6 NAB* for the Shelf List.
The cards arc filed in the catalogues in accordance with certain rules. If publications
have the same author or the same classification code, the cards are arranged by date
of publication, the most recent being placed first.
4.3.2 Call Numbers
The call numbers that are given to the various types of publications are summarized
in Table 1.
Tabic I Various types of publications and ihcir call numbers
Publications Call numbers
Books 55*) DER
Journals abstract journals J**) 1***)
Scries. Annual Reports S 1. S 5. S 10****)
Piimphlcls 55 |
Reference books:
Encyclopedia dictionary geographical reference works 1)55 1
Directories [MR 55 1
Atlases AT 55 1
Information guides 155 1
Acronyms A 55 1
* Subject code
* Collection type
* Sequential number
* In assembling publications from the same institute, allowance should be made for new series by keeping
some numbers in rescrxe
4.3.3 Catalogues for Journals/Series
Journals, newsletters, and all publications that cover more than one subject are placed
in the catalogue for journals. For each journal, a kardex card is prepared and filed
in a kardex system. The cards are arranged in alphabetical order of the first word
of the journal's title. There is only one catalogue for current and non-current journals.
Whenever a new issue of a journal arrives in the library, its volume number and issue
number are filed on the card.
Series, which are often publications from (research) institutions, each publication
treating a separate subject with the series title in common, are placed in the catalogue
for series. For each series, a kardex card is prepared. The cards are arranged in alphabe-
tical order of the first word of the institution's name. If the same institution produces
40
39
more than one series, the order will be decided by the name of the series. An institu-
tion's annual reports are treated as a series.
4.3.4 Stock Book
Many libraries have what is called a stock book. As each new publication arrives
in the library, various items of information about it (date of arrival, author, tkle,
publisher, price) are entered in the stock book. Often, nobody in the library knows
why this stock book is being kept. Sometimes, library personnel say that it is there
for administrative purposes or to enable statistical information about the lib „ry to
be gathered. But it is clear that it costs quite a lot of time to keep up. For that reason,
it might be wise to consider its advantages and disadvantages, and afterwards decide
whether it ought to be continued or not.
4.3.5 Computerization of the Catalogues
Producing cards by hand and filing them in the catalogues is a time-consuming process.
Since a minigraph costs about as much as a computer, it is worthwhile considering
the computerization of the catalogues.
In a card catalogue, a title of a book can only be retrieved on the first word of
the title. In a database, it can be retrieved on each word of the title, on year of publica-
tion, or on language of the text. The possibilities for retrieval increase tremendously.
Once the information has been stored, it can be selected in various ways and can easily
be reorganized. For staff members with a special interest, lists of titles can be produced
on a regular basis. An accession list arranged per subject is easy to compose. A com-
puter in the library opens up endless possibilities.
But, there is one great disadvantage to computers. They need maintenance and,
if they break down, sophisticated knowledge is needed to repair them. Often, parts
have to be replaced, and have to be paid for in foreign currency. If the catalogues
are stored in a computer and this computer is 'down' (i.e. not working), users have
no access to the publications. If a broken-down computer cannot be repaired and
money to buy a new one is lacking, the library faces a tremendous backload. (Sec
also Section 4.7: Computerization of the Library.)
4.4 Classification System
If a library has a classification system already in use, there should be very good argu-
ments for changing to another system. Changing from one system to another is extre-
mely laborious and when not properly organized gives backloads, the plague of every
librarian.
Choosing a classification system on the basis of a comparison of existing systems
costs a lot of time and demands some experience with such systems. Each system has
its advantages and disadvantages, and these are even different for different types of
libraries.
41
♦ V
With the idea that a classification system should be adapted to the library's own
circumstances, many people develop their own systems. Even if the results are better
than any of the existing systems, this costs a lot of effort. Often, self-created systems
prove unable to cope with new developments within a discipline, or they are of limited
value if the direction of research of the mother organization changes. In these kinds
of self-developed systems, it always becomes difficult to fit in an increasing number
of publications about an increasing number of new subjects.
There are always these helpful staff members willing to help prepare a classification
system. But, in general, they are not familiar with such systems, and are only
acquainted with one or two disciplines. Within these disciplines, they tend to develop
a system with many groups, while treating other disciplines only very broadly.
Well-known classification systems like Dewey, Library of Congress, or the Univer-
sal Decimal Classification/ UDC have many advantages. For an .-^cultural library
with a scientific and technological character, and containing books, but also pam-
phlets, which often deal with very specific topics. UDC is Ihc prima inter pares.
Information on UDC can be obtained from the Federation International de Docu-
mentation/FID. P.O. Box 90402, 2509 LK The Hague, The Netherlands. See also:
UDC: A Brief Introduction by G. Robinson (FID 1984. 8 pp.) This publication sums
up which introductory guides to UDC are available and in which languages, and
ad vises on which part of UDC to buy.
Sometimes, when using UDC, one may find it hard to decide which code to choose.
For that reason, once a decision has been made, it should be recorded on a library
card. The cards are arranged by keywords describing the aspect or subject on which
the decision was made.
4.5 Accessions
Every time the word library* is used in this book, it implies
* \ ; library and information services'. Pait of a library's task
'■ ' .. t - fc is to collect, order, catalogue, and keep its publications.
Another very important part of its task is to disseminate
". j | | ;i the acquired information among its users. Thiscan be done
in the following ways:
ligurc 16 Shelf for the dU- By displaying newly-acquired books (Figure 16) and the
play of hooks latest issues of journals (sec Figure 6);
By displaying other publications, series, pamphlets (Fig-
ure 17). After a strict selection has been made of which to include in the collection,
a further selection of which to display is needed. It defeats its purpose if too many
publications are on display;
By supplying, on the day a new journal issue arri ves, copies of its table of contents
to staff members known to be interested in its subject matter; or. by supplying copies
to all staff members each week or fortnight;
By disseminating information on a personal basis to all persons concerned. This
is a very fruitful activity because it brings the librarian into regular contact with
staff members. The information disseminated in this way need not be limited to
publications, but might also concern forthcoming workshops or congresses;
42
41
- By preparing a Current Awareness Bulletin or A e cess ion List
of ncwly-acquircd publications, with or without an abstract
with each title. (An example of the cover and a page of an Acces-
sion List is given in Appendix 1 2. )
. ---V ^.7- ligurc 1 7 Periodicals rack lor l he display of pamphlets
4.6 Loan Administration
UNIVERSlDADE t-DUARDO MONDl ANF
Ottf.oteca Facuidade Agro^om*
Ho adiess
f- .icuiiy
Dn:e
Pre-preparcd slips arc used for the loan ad-
ministration. An example is shown in Figure
18. The slips are arranged in two ways:
In alphabetical order of the name of the
user. In this way, it can quickly be seen
who has borrowed which publications;
In the same order as used for the shelf list.
In this way, it can quickly be seen what
title has been borrowed and by whom.
1 mure IN lAumplcofa loan slip
For a proper loan administration, certain
rules have to be set. (See also Appendix 17:
Library Regulations.)
Opening Hours
The opening hours need not necessarily coincide with the working hours of the library
staff. Sometimes, it is useful to open the library half an hour or so later and to close
it earlier to give the staff the opportunity to deal with work that needs concentration.
Who Con Borrow '/
1 1 is quite understandable that persons outside the mother organization are not allowed
to borrow from the library. If they do and the books are not returned on time, it
is very time-consuming to get them back, especially if transport is limited and mail
services are unreliable. Exceptions could be made for persons recommended by staff
members.
43
42
What Can Be Borrowed?
Books, pamphlets, and series can be borrowed. Reference works, the latest issues of
journals, and older journals cannot be borrowed. If books are frequently used and
if it is not possible to buy extra copies, the books can only be consulted in the library.
How Long How Many?
h'iuure 19 A hook trolley
A book could be borrowed for, say, two weeks, and
a maximum of four books could be borrowed by one
person at one time. For people doing research or
working on a publication, two weeks is not long and
four books might not be enough. In such cases,
exceptions can be made.
If books are not returned, a reminder can be sent
after a fortnight. No new books can be borrowed
until the others have been returned.
Sometimes, people who do not return books on
time have to pay a fine, but it has never been clearly
proved that imposing a fine improves the borrowing
behaviour of users.
Returned books, but also books just briefly con-
sulted in the library, should not be shelved by users.
Many books 'disappear' because they are shelved in
the wrong place. Any shelving should be done by
trained library staff. Returned books could be
placed on a book trolley (Figure 19), to be shelved
by the staff at their convenience, say once a day.
Kick-steps, as shown in Figure 20, will enable them
to reach the higher shelves, or to be seated when
shelving lower shelves.
Figure 20 Kick -steps facilitate shelv-
ing
4.6.1 Inter-Library Loans
If library users often consult abstract journals or have access to online facilities, they
will find many interesting titles that are not available in the library. In such cases,
these documents might possibly be obtained from the following organizations:
British Library: Document Supply Centre. Its stock of documents includes 2()(),()()0
journals, 3,000,000 reports, 500,000 theses, 300,000 conference proceedings, and
3,000,000 books. The Centre uses postal request forms which are prepaid by means
of coupons attached to them. Each coupon is valid for a photocopy of up to 10
pages. One booklet of coupons costs U.S. $140. Further information can be
obtained from: Customer Services, The British Library Document Supply Centre,
Boston Spa, Wcthcrby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, England;
44
43
Centro Intcrnacional de Agricultura Tropical/CI AT. CI AT offers Paginas de Conte-
nicio = Pagi>s of Contents = Pages de Matters. Photocopics-of the articles can be
requested from CIAT Scrvicio de Fotocopias, Unidade de Information, Apartado
Aereo 6713, Cali, Colombia. For addresses in Asia and Africa, the price of one
photocopy is U.S. $0.20; for addresses in the Caribbean, Latin America, and other
countries, the price is U.S. S0.30. Payment is possible in various ways (e.g. by using
coupons issued by CIAT);
International Livestock Centre for Africa/ 1 LC A. ILCA produces a quarterly Bulle-
tin of Contents. To each library in Sub-Saharan Africa receiving these bulletins,
I LCA will provide, free of charge, a maximum of 30 photocopies drawn from articles
listed in them. Library and Documentation Services ILCA, P.O. Box 5689, Addis
Abbaba, Ethiopia:
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Coopcration.'CTA. In addition to its
other services, CTA supplies photocopies free of charge to African, Caribbean, and
Pacific (ACP) countries. More information can be obtained from CTA, QAS Docu-
mentation, P.O. Box 380, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands:
CAB International, Document Delivery Service. This Service can supply photoco-
pies of most items in their abstract journals. Charges (including first-class air-mail
dclive V. £5.00 per item of up to 1 5 pages, plus £0.30 per additional page. Frequent
users if the service could open a deposit account. All requests must be made on
a form included in most CABI abstract journals. These forms should be sent to:
CAB International, 56 Queen's Gate, London SW7 5JR, England;
AGLINET, which is a voluntary association of large agricultural libraries collabor-
ating to improve the provision of publications in the wide field of agriculture and
related sciences. The network is coordinated by the David Lubin Memorial Library
at FAO in Rome, Italy. The following agricultural libraries, among others, form
part of AGLINET:
• David Lubin Memorial Library, FAO, Via delleTcrmi di Caracalla, 001 00 Rome,
Italy:
. Agricultural University Library, P.O. Box 9 100, 6700 HA Wageningen, The Neth-
erlands:
• Centro Nacional de Informacao Documental Agricola, Esplantda dos Minister-
ios, Ancxo 1 do Ministcrio da Agricultura. Bloco k B' Ala Oeste, Terrco e 1 andar,
Ciaxa Postal 10.2432, 70043 Brasilia DF, Brasil;
• Centro Interamericanodc Documentation e Information Agricola (CIDI A), Bib-
liotcca Conmemorativa Orton, Apartado Postal 55, 2200 Coronado, San Jose,
Costa Rica;
National Agricultural Librarv,NAL of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Requests should be submitted on the American Library Association's Intcrlibrary
Loan Request Forms. More information is available from: N AL, Office of the Dep-
uty Director for Technical Information Systems, Utilization Section, Beltsville,
Maryland MD 20705, U.S.A.
If a publication issued by one of the well-known international (research) institutions
is wanted, it is often easier and quicker to request it directly from the institution instead
of borrowing it.
44
45
4.7 Computerization of the Library
Section 4.3.5 discussed the computerization of cataloguing, stating that this increases
the retrieval possibilities enormously. Before using a computer for cataloguing, how-
ever, one would be wise to gain some experience with the machine by using it as a
word processor to prepare accession lists and lists of journals and series available
in the library.
The next step could be to start online literature retrieval by connecting the micro-
computer to one or more vendors or host computers such as DIALOG and ESA I RS.
If telephone lines are unreliable, compact discs could be used instead. The computeri-
zation of these activities is less vulnerable to a breakdown of the machine because
the work can easily be postponed or even stopped.
After some experience has been gained and maintenance is assured, one could then
proceed to computerize the catalogues.
(Computerizing the loan administration only pays off if many publications arc bor-
rowed or returned each day.)
Appendix 13 presents a possible computer configuration for a small library. This
is merely an example. Many other possible combinations of computers, printers,
modems, etc., are equally good. In the end, the differences between the various possibili-
ties arc not that big; each type, brand, and combination has its advocates.
More information on computerization is available in the articles by Stuart J . Kolner .
Librarian and Associate Professor, Library of Health Science, University of Illinois,
College of Medicine, 1601 Park View Avenue, Rockford, Illinois IL 61 107. U.S.A.
These articles are:
- 'The IBM PC as an Online Search Machine:
Tart I : Anatomy for Searchers*. In: Online January 1985;
Tart II : Physiology for Searchers*. In: Online March 1985;
Tart III: Introduction to Software*. In: Online May 1985;
Tart IV: Telecommunication and Crosstalk XVI\ In: Online My 1985.
Focusing on the software available for use in a library is the book: Microcomputer
Applications for Online and Local Information Systems : A Comparison of 30 Software
Packages by The Netherlands Association of Users of Online Information Systems.
It was published in 1987 by VOGIN, C/o Library Gorlaeus Laboratory, P.O. Box
9502. 2300 RA Lcydcn, The Netherlands. The abstract included in the book states:
Three types of software have been tested which can be used on IBM compati-
ble microcomputers:
- Programs for terminal emulation and communication;
Programs for conversion of received data;
Programs for storage and retrieval of literature in local databases.
With software for these three applications, data can be downloaded from
external computers and used directly to bailc*. a local documentation system.*
4.8 Documentation
Documentation means making descriptions of articles in journals, chapters in books.
46
and papers in congress proceedings, and placing these descriptions in the catalogues
of the library. Current bibliographies and abstract journals - today also available
through host computers or vendors offer the same kind of information. Is there,
then, any need for documentation within the library?
Online retrieval is expensive and foreign currency is needed to pay for it. Although
it will give a list of interesting titles, often with abstracts, the original papers may
not be available in the library. Besides, the list may not contain publications about
agriculture in the country where the library is situated, especially if they are published
in lesser-known journals.
Documentation within a library has one great advantage: not only can titles be
retrieved, but the publications themselves are directly available. This documentation
can concentrate on exactly the subjects that staff members are interested in. Documen-
tation, not repeating what has already been done by documentation and information
services, but supplementary to them, is very useful for library users.
For criteria on what to include in this documentation, see Section 1.7.1: Selection
Criteria for Pamphlets.
4.9 Library Services
Besides the services already discussed - loans, inter-library loans, accession lists, and
other ways of presenting materials acquired by the library - the following services
could be offered:
Figure 21 A paper culler (A) and a paper guillotine (B)
46
Photocopying machine:
To be used by the users
and by the library staff to
supply staff members with
documents they request.
The machine will not be
used to copy non-library
materials;
A paper cutter (Figure
21 A) or paper guillotine
(Figure 21 B): A useful
piece of equipment to trim
photocopies or other
papers to size;
Microfiche reader (Figure
22): Some catalogues from
other (often large) libraries
are available on micro-
fiches. Some publications
are also available on micro-
fiche. This makes them
cheaper to acquire and
they take up less space;
Quest ion-and- Answer
Service: The library staff
will be asked to perform all
kinds of reference work for
staff members. A request
form for such work is
shown in Figure 23. These
forms should be available at several places in the organization.
Figure 22 A microfiche reader
P;ease sene mtormahon on
(g:ve as many dwai's as possb'el
Tho (Q^ovMng i-tofmatLon or me above Subioct >s already av.ni.-itxe
Wag?n<ngen
Sig^aiL.fe
f igure 2} Request form lor Qucstion-and-Answer Service
4.10 Statistics
In libraries all over the world, lots of data are gathered: number of books, numb*
of visitors, other activities. Somewhere in the past, information on these subjects wn
needed and a regular count was started. Once started, it simply never stopped, eve
if the information is no longer required. And although, if properly organized, countin
does not take much time, gathering useless information is a total waste of effort.
Of course, to manage a library properly, some information must be gathered. S<
what is needed is the following:
The number of publications, because that will determine:
• The number of catalogue cards required (5-6 times the number of publication:
and the number of stencils;
• The metres of space required on the shelves (about 30 books to one metre, aboi
1 00- 1 50 reports to one metre);
48
47
. The number of persons needed for cataloguing and preparing for shelving (one
person can handle about 30 publications a day, not including the preparation
and Tiling of the cards) and the number of persons required for classifying (one
person can handle about 30 publications a day);
• The budget for books to be bought;
- The number of persons consulting reference works and other publications, because
that will determine the number of persons needed for reference work and reshclving;
- The number of loan slips used, because that will determine:
• The number of loan slips to be bought;
• The number of persons needed for loan administration, including inter-library
loans.
If these figures show a tendency to stabilize, counting can be stopped. If there is any
noticeable increase or decrease in activities, it can be restarted.
People visiting a library always want to know how many books, journals, etc., it con-
tains. Any inquiry about the library also asks this question. So, once in a while, a
rough estimate could be made, even though this says nothing whatsoever about the
value of the collection.
Often, such statistics are used to make comparisons between libraries. In that case,
it should be made clear exactly what is counted. In the number of journals, for instance,
does this include all kinds of newsletters received free of charge? Or, if only one copy
of a journal was ever received, is it catalogued and counted among the journals? Are
scries counted with the journals or separately?
4.11 Budget
A library should have its own budget, to be spent under the supervision of the librarian
in cooperation with the library board. The funds required depend heavily on circum-
stances, but some general rules can be given. So, the budget should cover funds for:
Approximately one book or other publication for each staff member each year:
U.S. S75-S100 per book;
One or two core journals, 15 to 20 other journals, and one abstract journal per
discipline: U.S. SI5O-S20O per journal, U.S. S30O-S50O per abstract journal;
Catalogue cards equal to the number of publications, multiplied by 5 or 6. Stencils
and ink if a stencil machine is used;
Loan slips;
New shelves, furniture, and office materials;
Bindings or boxes for journals and series;
Online retrieval: U.S. S75-SI00 per search;
Inter-library loan requests.
4.12 Ground Plans for a Library
The space allotted to a library and the way it is furnished will, of course, depend
entirely on the local situation and the available resources. Nevertheless, Appendix
16 gives two examples of possible ground plans for a library.
49
5 Agricultural Information Sources
5. 1 Online Literature Retrieval
To gain access to an online database, a user sits in front of a computer terminal and
dials a local telephone number. Through the telephone line and a modem, his terminal
is linked to a computer elsewhere. Using a password, he gains access to this liosf
computer and requests access to the database he is interested in. The interaction lan-
guage of the host system, which has been designed for use by persons with no back-
ground in computer programming, permits the user to retrieve and display the infor-
mation he wants.
Various types of databases are available online. Interesting for agriculture are
AGRICOLA, AGRIS, BIOSIS PREVIEWS, CAB ABSTRACTS, PASCAL AGRO-
LINE, and TROPAG. (For more details, see Appendix 14.)
Databases are developed by 'suppliers', referred to as "producers*. To produce a
printed version of their databases, these documentation and information services use
automated systems for photo typesetting and thus generate a magnetic tape that can
be used for computerized processing, particularly in storage and retrieval systems.
Most producers sell their databases to other organizations, known as "online ser-
vices* or "host computer services'. These provide the computer, the interaction lan-
guage, and the telecommunication support that enables users to gain access to the
databases. Price policies for access to, and the use of, the online database services
are extremely varied. Rates range from U.S. SI 5 to S300an hour. There arc the follow-
ing components:
Start-up fee, which often includes account setup, initial training, and materials costs;
- Telecommunication costs;
Costs for database services. These costs arc usually based on an hourly connect-timc
rate: they may or may not include the royalty;
Costs for online or offline printing or downloading. (For an explanation of these
terms, sec below.) For bibliographic databases, there is a charge for offline printing;
it is usually based on the number of citations.
If the same database is available from more than one source, one can compare prices.
Prices, however, do not tell the whole story of costs. There are differences in system
capabilities. Online services also offer:
Selective Dissemination of Information/SDI service. Each month, a certain profile,
consisting of keywords that clcarty describe a subject a customer is interested in,
is run against the update of the database:
Online or offline printing or downloading. After an online search is finished, the
titles found, including their descriptions, can be printed online, offline, or down-
loaded. With offline printing, the titles arc printed by the host computer and sent
by mail to the user. With online printing, the titles arc printed on the library's own
printer. With download, which is often more expensive, the data arc stored in mag-
netic form (on a floppy or hard disc) and can be re-used by the customer for his
own purposes and at his own convenience.
50
So selecting an online service is not easy and depends greatly upon the local circum-
stances. Addresses of online services can be found in Online Databases in the Medical
and Life Sciences, a selected sub-set from the Directory of Online Databases issued
in 1987 by Cuadra/Elsevier.
The following section gives more information about three online services: D1ALUU,
ESA'IRS, and DIMDI.
5.2 Hosts, Online Services, Vendors
The online service DIALOG gives access to 100 million items organized in 300 data-
bases Those that concern agriculture are listed in Table 2. For information on present
prices how to eain access, or about other services offered, write to: DIALOG, Infor-
mation Service! Customer Administration Dept. A, 3460 Hill View Avenue, Palo
Alto, California CA 94304, U.S.A.
Table 2 Agricultural databases in DIALOG
(Prices are September 1 990 prices in U.S. S)
File
No.
Name
Online conned
lime rate per;
minute
hour
Print rate
off-
line
on-
line
10
AG RICO LA 1979-
0.75
110
AGRICOLA 1970-1978
0.75
203
AGRIS
1.00
5
BIOSISPREVIF.WS 1969-
1.40
55
BIOSIS PREVIEWS 1981-
1.40
50
CAB ABSTRACT 19N4-
1.20
53
CABABSTi \CT 1972-1983
1.20
144
PASCAL
1.00
45.
45.
60.
X4.
84.
72.
72.
60.
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.59
0.59
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.23
0.23
0.20
0.53
0.53
0.50
0.50
0.50
The European Space Agency Information Retrieval Service (ESA IRS) gives access
to 80 databases containing 30 million items. The data can be searched with the ESA
QUEST retrieval language. The databases that concern agriculture are listed in Table
3 The prices arc 1989 prices and serve merely as an indication. For more information
on a DIAL-UP access contract and other services offered, contact ESRIR Via Galileo
Galilei, 00044 Frascati, Italy.
Tabic 3 Agricultural databases in HSA IRS
(Prices arc 1989 prices in U.S.S)
File
No.
7
132
14
Name
AGRIS 1975
BIOSIS
C AB ABSTRACT
PASCAL
Online connect
time rate per
hour
21.
12
12
12.
Print rate
on-
line
0.32
0.90
1. 10
0.78
on-
line
1. 10
1. 10
0.94
50
51
The Deutsches Institut fur Medizische Documentation und Information/DIMDI
offers access to 80 databases, four of which concern agriculture. These are listed in
Table 4. The data can be searched with the GRIPS retrieval language. For more infor-
mation, write to DIMDI, Weisshausstrasse 27, P.O. Box 420580, 5000 Cologne Ger-
many.
Table 4 Agricultural databases in DIMDI
(Prices in U.S.S)
Name
Online connect
lime rale per
hour
Prim rale
off- on-
line line
AGRICOLA
AGRIS
BIOSIS
CAB
6.
free
43.
20.
0.05 0.05
free free
0.29 0.28
0.33 0.33
Other online services offering agricultural databases are listed in Table 5.
Table 5 Olher online services offering agricultural databases
Online service BRS ORBIT TELE SYS
Databases
AGRICOLA 1970- \
BIOSIS 1970- x
CABABS. 1980- v
PASCAL 1973-
TROPAG 1975-
BRS BRS In forma lion Technologies. 1200 Route 7. Latham. N.Y. 121 10. l\S.A.
ORBIT Information Technology S000 West Park Drive. Suite 400. MacLcan. Virginia VA 22102.
L'.S.A.
TELE SYS Tele Systeme Queslel. 83-85 Boulevard Vincent Auriol. 75013 Paris. France.
5.3 Compact Discs
In Third World countries, it is often difficult to acquire information about agriculture.
In Africa, for example, there are only a few documentation centres that arc even par-
tially computerized. In Europe and North America, however, it is now common for
farmers to be made aware of the latest developments in agricultural science via compu-
terized information systems.
A new technology seems to be promising. It is CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read
Only Memory). Its major attraction is its enormous storage capacity: each CD can
store 180,000 bibliographic references, plus abstracts. The entire contents of a 20-vol-
umc encyclopedia can be recorded on one simple CD-ROM.
In Third World countries, online retrieval with the databases of information services
or vendors is not easy. Power cuts arc all too frequent, and poorly developed tele-
52
51
communication systems hamper literature searches. But CD-ROM technology is not
dependent on tele-communications. At this moment, the following arc available on
compact disc:
- The Grolier Electronic Encyclopedia, which contains the text of the 20-volume Aca-
demic American Encyclopedia. Activenturc's retrieval software allows quick search-
ing on every word and on phrases. The encyclopedia costs U.S. SI 99. A fully confi-
gured system (CD-ROM drive, software, interface board) costs U.S. SI, 495. An
annual update is U.S. S25. Produced by Grolier Electronic Publishing:
- AGRICOLA database, which is produced by Silver Platter Information Inc.,
37 Walnut Street, Wellesby Hills, Massachusetts MA 02181, U.S.A. Current disc
U.S. S820. Archival disc set (3 discs) U.S. S820:
Royal Institute for the Tropics, Mauritskade 63, 1092 AD Amsterdam, The Nether-
lands, produces Abstracts on Tropical Agriculture on CD-ROM. Included are not
only the bibliographic references, but also the full text of each publication. Produced
by Silver Platter for U.S. S840 annually;
CAB International, also produced by Silver Platter, costs: Volume 1 (1984-1986)
U.S. $2,100; Volume 2 (1987-1989) U.S. S4,200; Current Disc U.S. S2,100 annually;
AGRIS, also produced by Silver Platter, costs: Archival Disc Set U.S. S825; Current
Disc U.S. S825,. year.
In the near future. The International Rice Research Institute IRRI will produce a
CD-ROM containing all the IRRI publications in full text.
More information on which CD-ROMs are available can be found in The CD-ROM
DirectorwTFPL Publishing, 22 Peters Lane. London EC1 M 6DS, England.
5.4 Information on Institutions
Appendix 5 contains a list of national and international (research) institutions. These
institutions will supply information on request. Besides these, there are many others.
They can be found under the heading of •Directories' in Appendix 8.
CTA, since its foundation, has regularly published information about institutions
in its newsletter Spore, under the heading of information Sources'. Up to now. the
following institutions have been treated:
AGRYMET: Agro-hydro-mcteorology:
CAB1: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International:
CIDARC: International Centre for Documentation on Hot Climate Agriculture:
CTA: Centre Technique de Cooperation Agricole Rural:
ELCI: Environmental Liason Centre International:
IBRAM: International Board for Soils Research and Management:
IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development:
IFAP: International Federation of Agricultural Producers:
IFIS: International Food Information Service:
IFS: International Foundation for Science;
ILCA: International Livestock Centre for Africa:
IN RES, UNDP: Information for the Third World;
I RETA: Institute for Research, Extension, and Training in Agriculture;
- ISNARf: International Service for National Agricultural Research;
• ITDG: Intermediate Technology Development Group;
LCRC: Liverpool Cotton Research Cooperation;
ODI: Overseas Development Institute;
RESADOC: Sahel Network on Information and Scientific and Technical Docu-
mentation;
SATIS: Socially Appropriate Technology International Information Services;
WARDA ADRAO: West Africa Rice Development Association. Association pour
1c Developpemcnt de la Rize Culture en Afrique dc Quest.
54
53
6 Library Instruction and Public Relations
6.1 Library Instruction
A librarian will be called upon to give two types of instruction:
■• An introductory talk to persons who only visit the library for a brief period and
want to know something about it;
Instruction sessions for staff members and students to teach ihcm how to use the
library in the best possible way.
6.1 .1 Introductory Talk
The introductory talk for individuals or for groups will cover the following subjects:
The various kinds of publications collected by the library through purchases,
exchanges, or gifts:
- The catalogues available in the library and how they are used to retrieve publica-
tions;
Showing some of the books, abstract journals, and journals to the the visitors;
Demonstration, if facilities are available, of online retrieval or retrieval by compact
disc.
A leaflet could be prepared and handed out to such visitors. Appendix 15 presents
an example of such a leaflet.
6.1 .2 Instruction Sessions
Many people do not know how to use a library properly. They are not acquainted
with all the facilities a library has to offer. Therefore, at regular interval , instruction
sessions should be held for staff members and students. During these sessions, the
following subjects could be treated:
How The various publications are acquired, what collections are available in the
library, and what catalogues give access to these collections:
How to find a publication if the name of the author or the title is known:
How to find some information on a certain subject or on a region or country by
using the classified catalogue or the geographical catalogue;
How" to find everything on a subject, using abstract journals, online information
retrieval, or the CD-ROM technology:
A demonstration of some of the various relevant publications;
An explanation of the loan administration and other library regulations.
To ensure that those attending these sessions understand everything they have been
taught, some practical work should be included.
The text of the instructions could be printed in a small booklet and distributed
among staff members. The booklet could also be handed to any new staff members
when they take up their duties.
6.2 Development Plan
The management of the mother organization, when making decisions on budgets, per-
sonnel, space, etc., to be allotted to the library, will want to be informed about the
numbers of books, journals, series, pamphlets, and reference works that the library-
will contain. It will also want to know about the personnel, funds, and equipment
required to run the library, and about the services the library will offer to its users.
It will further want to be informed on how the library is expected to develop in the
future.
AH this information can be presented in a development plan. This will require an
analysis of the needs of the mother organization and of its future developments. Devel-
opments in the outside world (e.g. in computerization) should also be analyzed. In
this way, the objectives of the library will emerge. When these objectives are set out
in a development plan, they can be converted into terms of funds, personnel, and
space the library will require to achieve its objectives.
6.3 A Library's Right of Existence
Even if a library is well-organized and offers the best possible services in the quickest
possible way, people keep asking 'Why have a library?* It is a question that often
crops up, especially when money is tight. Answering this question is not easy, but
the following arguments might help:
Researchers who produce publications want others to know of their contents. Useful
knowledge should be passed on to its potential users, otherwise it is a waste of time
producing it. A library offers these potential users access to this knowledge;
The results of research are often used by other researchers as a springboard to more
knowledge. Research is expensive, so it ought not be repeated unnecessarily. The
already existing wheel need not be invented again and again;
Beneficial contacts (or contracts) between the mother organization and persons
from outside often begin with a visit to the library;
Depending, of course, on the purpose of the mother organization, it is often the
task of a staff member not only to teach or to conduct research, but also to advise
others on subjects within his discipline. He therefore needs to be informed about
the developments taking place in that discipline.
6.4 Public Relations
The best of public relations is a well-organized library, able to comply, quickly and
efficiently, with requests from its users.
The services it can provide, each of which has been discussed in this book, are:
56
55
- Current Awareness Bulletin/Accession List;
- Pages of Contents Bulletin;
- A leaflet about the library;
- Small booklet on how to use the library;
Personal awareness of news;
Question-and- Answer Service.
Of equal importance to these explicit services are a well-composed collection, acces-
sible through different catalogues, an attractive display of newly-arrived items, an
efficient loan service, including inter-library loans, and, last but not least, friendly
and helpful library personnel.
References
Bradford. S.O. 1948. Documentation. Crosby Lock wood and Son. London.
Loosjcs. Th.P. 1 978. Documentaire Informatie. Kluucr van Loghum Slaloms. Devenler.
Nabcr. G. 1980. Scientific Information: Transfer and Retrieval In: Land Reclamation and W ater Manage-
ment. International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement ILRI. Publication 27: 181-9.
Slamencka. V. and P. Zunde. 1971. Science and Information: Some Implications for the Education of Scien-
tists. International Conference Training Information Work. Rome. 301-13.
57
Appendix 1
Starting a Small Library
//
Anyone starting a new library would be wise to seek collaboration with an existing
library, where trained personnel can be asked for advice.
When a small library is to be started, several questions have to be answered:
- How many books will the library contain?
- Will these be novels or study books?
How many people will use the library?
- Will there be a (full-time) (professional) attendant available?
During what times will this person be available?
- What services will be offered to the library users?
The answers will dictate the way the library will be organized.
The various processes to be followed in a library are set out below. Whether these
all have to be applied will depend on the kind of library and the intensity of its use.
Order Catalogue
When a book is ordered or requested as a gift, particulars like its author, title, and
where it has been ordered or requested arc written on a library card, which is then
placed in an Order Catalogue. When the book arrives in the library, the card is
removed. This prevents duplication.
Cataloguing
Once the book has arrived in the library, it is catalogued on a library card. An example
of the information to beentered on thecard (the 'book description') is shown in Figure
24. At least one card should be prepared for each book. If there is no author, the
name of the organization that sponsored or published the book is used.
G. Naber 40/101
Drainage: An Annotated Guide to Books
and Journals.
Wageningen: ILRI, 1984. 47 pp. (Biblio-
graphy. 1LRI: No. 18)
UDC
figure 24 Example of a analogue card
58
57
Book descriptions can also be stored in a computer. This allows the books to be retrieved
in various ways: by author's name, title words, classification codes, etc. A software pack-
age that could be used is DBase III Plus. Another is Cardbox Plus, a database manage-
ment package designed specially for libraries. It is issued by Business Simulation Ltd.,
Scriventon House, Speldhurst, KentTN3 0TU, England. Telex 955 13.
Catalogues
In a small collection of, say, up to 1,000 books (which equals about five or six book-
cases, each with five or six shelves), catalogues will generally not be very useful, espe-
cially if the books are arranged in broad subject groups and there are only a few poten-
tial users. If the library is larger, however, or more intensively used, catalogues can
be very convenient.
The possible catalogues that could be created are the following:
- An Author Catalogue, which can answer questions like: Ms the book by author
*W in the library collection?
- A Title Catalogue, which can answer questions like: Ms the document with title
'X' available in the library?
- A Classified Catalogue, which am answer: Ms there any information on subject
A Geographical Catalogue, which can answer: Ms any information available on
country 4 ZT.
Many catalogues can answer many potential questions, but creating all these cata-
logues means a lot of work. One has to prepare library cards for each catalogue. These
cards are easy to produce with the help of a Minigraph (a small stencil machine).
The Minigraph 120 is manufactured by Weber, 71 1 West Algonquin Road, Arlington
Heights, Illinois 1L 60005, U.S.A. The price of a new one is about U.S. $2,000. The
Minigraph requires special stencils and library cards, which are rather expensive.
A Classification System? Yes or No?
For a small library, there is not much point in classifying the books. If they are to
be classified, however, one would.be wise to use an existing classification system rather
than a self-invented one. Inventing one will cost a lot of time and trouble and later
it may prove inadequate to cope with new scientific developments.
The Federation of International Documcntation/FID, P.O. Box 95312, 2509 CH
The Hague, The Netherlands, issues the Universal Decimal Classification System/
UDC, a well-known and flexible classification system. But, classification requires a
lot of intellectual effort and can only be done by a person well-acquainted with the
subject.
A satisfactory alternative for a small library is to arrange the books on the shelves
in broad subject groups. A user can then easily sec what kinds of publications arc
available.
59
58
Call Numbers and Shelving Order
Each book is given a k call number' written on a small sticker placed on the spine
of the book. This call number determines the shelving order. The kind of call numbers
used depends on the kind of books involved.
For novels, the call number consists of the first three letters of the author's name.
If there is no author, the first three letters of the name of the sponsoring or publishing
organization are used. If this is not known, the first three letters of the title are used,
but unimportant words like V or 'the' are disregarded. The books are arranged in
alphabetical order of these first three letters.
For study books, the books are arranged in broad subject groups. Each subject
is given a number (1,2, etc.). Within the subject group, the books are arranged in
the order in which they are acquired by the library. The call number will look like
1/1, 1/2, etc. Too many broad subject groups will mean only a few books in each
group, with the groups difficult to distinguish.
The above-mentioned UDC can be helpful in preparing a suitable list of broad sub-
ject groups.
Borrowing
Users could be allowed to borrow one book at a time, or possibly more. The loan
period could be set at a fortnight.
Users- like an open access library because they can browse in it. Although thefts
increase in open access libraries, they have certain advantages. Catalogues are not
always required in them, the user simply choosing the books he wants, which saves
a lot of time for the library personnel.
The opening frequency of the library will depend on the kind of books involved,
the services to be offered to the users, and the availability of personnel. It could be,
say, one hour a week, one hour three times a week, or one hour a day.
Loan Administration
For a library used by, say, up to 200 people, a loan card could be prepared for each
user. The card could contain the name, address, and photo of the user on one side
and, on the other, space to write the call numbers of the books on loan and the date
they have to be returned. The cards are then kept in the library in alphabetical order
of the user's name. (See Figure 25)
If the library has more than 200 users, a more efficient method is to have sets of pre-
prcparcd lending forms. If sets of two forms are used, one form can be arranged in
alphabetical order of the user's name; the other in the order of the call number. In
this way, if a book is not on the shelf, it can be seen who has borrowed it. If three
forms are used, the third form can be arranged by the date the book should be returned.
This makes it easy to sec which borrower is exceeding the loan period. All these ar-
rangements, of course, cost time and effort.
60
59
G. Naber
RuaC 140
Maputo
Photo
Figure 25 Example of a loan card
Call No. Date
Call No. Date
It is debatable whether fines should be imposed for overdue books. I know of no
fine that will ensure that books are returned on time. A small fine might help, but
the best way is to exercise a sharp control over the books. After '.he loan period has
expired, a reminder should be given to the defaulter, preferably by phone or by a
peisonal visit. People not returning books on time can be excluded from the library
for a certain period, or forever.
Returned Books
Books returned to the library should be replaced on the shelves by the library person-
nel. Books are often k losf in a library because they are misplaced on the shelves. Users
do not always understand the shelving order.
Returned books lying on the loan counter are often picked up and borrowed by
other users. If so, they need not, of course, be re-arranged on the shelves. Newly bor-
rowed books can be registered at the same time as the returned ones are deleted.
Some Measurements
One book is about 3 cm thick, which means 30 to 50 books in 1 m. With some 5
or 6 shelves in a bookcase, that means between 1 50 and 300 books in one bookcase.
One report is about 1 cm thick, which means 100 to 1 50 reports in 1 m, and about
600 to 750 in one bookcase.
Three Examples of Smal l Libraries and Their Possible Organization
Library of novels:
One library card for each book;
Cards arranged alphabetically by the first three letters of the authors' names;
Shelving order also alphabetically by authors* names;
Loan administration with loan cards;
Opening frequency: once a week for one or two hours;
Free-access library;
Fine: one-thousandth of user's monthly income.
61
60
Library of study books:
- One library card for each book;
- Cards arranged in order of book numbers;
- Shelving order: books are arranged in broad subject groups;
- Loan administration with loan cards;
- Opening frequency: open as much as possible, under the supervision of a secretary
or receptionist;
- Free-access library;
- No fines, but each fortnight contact wit!i borrowers who did not return books on
time.
Library of reprints:
- No cards;
- Reprints arranged under broad subject groups;
- No catalogues, unless the library is used intensively;
- No loan administration;
- This type of library will probably be administered by a staff member, so it is open
when he is available:
- Free-access library;
Fines: None.
62
61
Appendix 2
Abbreviations
ACIAR Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
ADRAO Association pour le Developpement de Riziculture en Afrique de
TOuest
ASA American Society of Agronomy
ASAE American Society of Agricultural Engineers
ASLIB Association for Information Management (Formerly: Association of
Special Libraries)
ASP American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
AUW Agricultural University, Wageningen
AVRDC Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre
BLL British Library Lending Division
CABI Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International
CATIE Ccntro Agronomica Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza
CEEMAT Centre d'Etudes et d'Experimentation du Machinisme Agricolc Trop-
ical
CENAGRI Centro Nacional do Informacao Documental Agricola
CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
CIAT Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical
CIDA Canadian International Development Agency
CIDIA Ccntro Interamericano de Documentation e Information Agricola
CILSS Comite permanent Inter-Etats de Lutte contre la Sechcresse dans le
Sahel
CIMM YT Ccntro Internacional de Mcjoramicnto de Maiz y Trigo
CIP Centro Internacional de la Papa
CI RAD Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique
pour le Developpement
CSSA Crop Science Society of America
CTA Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation
CTFT Centre Technique Forcsticr Tropical
DSA Departement Systemcs Agraires
EC European Community
ELBS English Language Book Society
EMBRAPA Emprcsa Brasilcira de Pcsquisa Agropccuaria
FID Federation International de Documentation/Federation of Internatio-
nal Documentation
FSSP Farming Systems Support Project
GERDAT Groupcmcnt d'Etudcs ct de Rechcrchcs pour le Developpement de
TAgronomicTropicale (Since 1984,CIRAD)
IAALD International Association of Agricultural Information Specialists
IBPGR International Board for Plant Genetic Resources
IBSRAM International Board for Soil Research and Management
ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas
63
62
> i
ICID Internationa] Commission on Irrigation and Drainage
ICI PE International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology
ICRAF International Council for Research in Agroforestry
ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
IDRCV^ International Development Research Centre
IFDC International Fertilizer Development Center
I FLA International Federation of Library Associations
I I MI International Irrigation Management Institute
IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
ILCA International Livestock Center for Africa
I LEI A Information Centre for Low External Input Agriculture
ILRI International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement
INRA Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
I RAT Institut de Rccherches Agronomiques Tropicales et de Cultures Vi-
vrieres
IRCC Institut de Rccherches du Cafe, du Cacao et autre Plantes
IRCT Institut de Recherches du Coton et des Textiles exotiques
I RFA Institut de Recherches sur les Fruits et Legumes
IRHO Institut de Recherches pour les Huiles et Oleagineux
IRRI International Rice Research Institute
ISNAR International Service for National Agricultural Research
ISSS International Society of Soil Science
ITC International Institute for Aerial Survey and Earth Sciences
NAL National Agricultural Library
NTIS National Technical Information Service
ODI Overseas Development Institute
ODNRI Overseas Development National Resources Institute
ORSTOM Office de la Recherche Scientifiquc et Technique Outrc-Mer
SACCAR Southern African Centre for Cooperation in Agricultural Research
SCSA Soil Conservation Society of America
SSS A Soil Science Society of America
UDC Universal Decimal Classification
UNDP United Nations Development Program
WARDA West Africa Rice Development Association
64
63
Appendix 3 . T rrvn
List of Agricultural Journals Organized under UDC
UDC 0,9 GENERAL
UDC 57 BIOLOGY/BOTANY
UDC 551.5 AGRO-METEOROLOGY
UDC 63 AGRICULTURE
UDC 634 1,635.8 FRUITS/HORTICULTURE
UDC 6313 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
UDC 63 1 .4 631 .8 SOIL SCIENCE.. SOIL FERTILITY
UDC 631.52 PLANT BREEDING
UDC6316 RURAL ENGINEERING
UDC 632 PLANT DISEASES
UDC63->7 ENTOMOLGY
UDC 632.9 PLANT PROTECTION AND PEST CONTROL
UDC 633.2 3 GRASSLAND, RANGELAND
UDC 681.3 COMPUTERS
UDC 0/9 GENERAL
The Courier: African<aribbean-Paeijic-EuropeanCom,nunity
General Secretariat of the ACP Group of States. Avenue Georges Henn 451.
1 200 Brussels. Belgium.
^ntcrLona? Development Research Center. 250 Albert Street. P.O. Box 8500.
Ottawa. Canada K1G 3H9.
Nature and Resources
UNESCO. 7 Place de Fontenoy. 75^00 Pans. France.
/V NeS'sdentist Subscriptions. Frcepost 1061. Oakficld House. Perrymount Road.
Haywards Heath. West Sussex RH16 3ZA. England.
UDC 57 BIOLOGY/BOTANY
American Journal of Botany <ir>in
Botanical Society of America. 1735 Ned Avenue. Columbus. Ohio OH 43210.
U.S.A.
Covers all branches of plant science.
*?£ ^o„ S of'*pH«l Bidogisu. ln Sli .u.e °< HonicuUun,, Research. Write-
bourne. Warwick CV35 9EF. England.
65
64
Annals of Botany
Academic Press. 24-28 Oval Road, London NW I 7DX England
The journal gives broad coverage of all aspects of botany. It emphasizes current
research on growth, mathematical models of physiological processes, and plant
structure. *
Australian Journal of Plant Physiology
CSIRO Publications, P.O. Box 89,'East Melbourne, Victoria 3002. Australia
1 he Botanical Review
New York Botanical Gardens, Bronx, New York, NY 10458-5126 USA
Presents syntheses of the state of knowledge and understanding of individual se*-
ments of botany. *
Economic Botany
' NYlo45 f l r 5l2rS m S iC A B ° tany ' ™™ ^ B ° ta " iCal Garde " S - Br °" X ' NeW Y ° rk -
Deal; with past, present, and future uses of plants by people
Journal of Experimental Boianv
n U Y b f,n P p 0 n S P e P artment: 0xford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford
OX2 6DP, England.
Publishes articles on plant physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, and related
topics.
Journal of Plant Physiology (formerly Zeitschri/t fur PJJanzenphvsioloeie)
Gustav Fisher Verlag. Wollgrasweg 49, D-7000, Stuttgart 70.' Germany.
Deals with basic aspects of plant physiology. Fundamental.
Physiologia Plantation
Munksgaard International Publishers, 35 Norre Sogade, DK-1370 Copenhagen
Denmark. v " '
Official publication of the Scandinavian Society for Plant Physiology and of the
Federation of European Societies of Plant Physiology. Publishes papers on all
aspects of plant physiology. The scope ranges from biochemistry and biophysics
through classical plant physiology to ecology. Fundamental
Plan t and Cell Physiology
Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Shimotachiuri Ogawa Higashi, Kamikyo-
Ku, Kyoto 602, Japan.
Covers broad areas of the plant sciences, including physiology, biochemistry bio-
physics, chemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, and gene engineering of plants
and micro-organisms. Fundamental.
Plant Cell Reports
Springer International, Journal Production Department. Postfach 10 5? 80
D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany.
Deals with all aspects of plant cell and plant cell culture research- physiology
cytology, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, phytopathology, and mor-
phogenesis, including plant regeneration from protoplasts, cells, 'tissues and
organs.
Plant Cell. Tissue, and Organ Culture
Kluwcr Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands
An international journal on the cell biology of higher plants. Publishes results of
fundamental studies on the behaviour of plant cells, tissues, and organs in vitro.
66
65
Plant Physiology
American Society of Plant Physiologists, 15501 Monona Drive, Rockville, Mary-
land MD 20855-27 19, U.S.A.
Is concerned with research on the physiology, molecular biology, environmental
biology, biochemistry, cell biology, and biophysics of plants.
Plant Science: An International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology
Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland.
Papers describe experimental work with multicellular plants and plant-like micro-
organisms (protists, including algae and fungi and blue-green algae). Fundamen-
tal.
UDC 551.5 AGRO-METEOROLOGY
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Elsevier Journal Department, P.O. Box 21 1, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Typical topics cover radiation transfer in plant canopies, evapotranspiration, en-
ergy transfer, air movement in and above plant canopies.
UDC 63 AGRICULTURE
Advances in Agronomy
Academic Press, 1250 Sixth Avenue, San Diego, California CA 92101, U.S.A.
African Farmer: The Key to Africa's Future
The Hunger Project, Global Officer, 1 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010,
U.S.A.
Afriquc Agriculture
Haussmann Regie Publicitc, 190 Boulevard Haussman, 75008 Paris, France.
Agribusiness Worldwide
% Sosland Publishing Co., 9000 West 67th Street, Merriam, Kansas KS 66202, U.S.A.
Agricultural Research
The Editor, Information Staff, Room 318, Building 005, Agricultural Research
Center-West, Beltsville, Maryland MD 20705, U.S.A.
This journal is published ten times a year by the Agricultural Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Agra forestry Today
International Council for Research in Agroforcstry. P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi,
Kenya.
Agronomic: Sciences des Productions Vegetules et dc lEnvironment
Service des Publications de HNRA, Route de Saint Cyr, 78000 Versailles, France.
L Agronomic Tropkale
Institut dc Rccherchcs Agronomiqucs Tropicales, Departement Cultures Vivricres
du Centre dc Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Dcve-
loppcmcnt, 45 bis Avenue dc la Belle Gabricllc. 94736 Nogent sur Marnc, CEDEX,
France.
67
66
Agronom v Journal
The American Society of Agronomy, 677 South Scsoc Road, Madison, Wisconsin
WI 53711, U.S.A.
Contains articles on soil-plant relations; crop science; soil science; biometry; crop,
soil, pasture, and range management; crop, forage, and pasture production and
utilization; turfgrass; agroclimatical and agronomic modeling.
American Journal of Agricultural Economics
AAEA, 80 Meady Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 5001 1-1070, U.S.A.
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research
CSIRO Publications, P.O. Box 89, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia.
Contains articles promoting the understanding of some parts of the physical,
chemical, and/or biological aspects of an agricultural system of relevance to Aus-
tralian conditions.
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture
Collector of Moneys, CSIRO, 314 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002,
Australia.
Publishes the results of applied research into the soil, plant, and animal sciences
of relevance to Australian agriculture.
Bragantia: Revista Cientifica do Instituto Agrondmico
Instituto Agron6mico,C.P. 28, 13001 Campinas (SP), Brasil.
Crop Science
Crop Science Society of America, 677 South Sesoe Road, Madison, Wisconsin
WI 53711, U.S.A.
Cultivos Tropicales: Revista Trimestral cie Investigaciones Agricoias cle la Educacion
Superior cle la Repuhiica de Cuha
Instituto Nacional dc Cicncias Agricola, Ediciones Cubanas, Apartado No. 60,
Ciudad de la Habana, Cuba.
East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 5781 1, Nairobi, Kenya.
Experimental Agriculture
Cambridge University Press, The Pit Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge
CB2 1RP, England.
An international journal on research into crops and farming systems, particularly
of the warmer regions of the earth. This journal is the successor to The Empire
Journal of Experimental Agriculture.
Farmer's Weekly
Reed Business, Oakficld House, Perrymount Road, Haywards Heath, Sussex
RH16 3DH, England.
Earn i ing Systet ) is Ne \ i sle t ter
S. WaddingtonXIMMYT, P.O. Box MP 154, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Contains news, comments, letters, research results, and opportunities concerning
on-farm research in Southern and Eastern Africa.
FSSP Newsletter
Farming Systems Support Project, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Uni-
versity of Florida, 3028 McCarthy Hall, Gainesville, Florida FL 326 1 1 , U.S.A.
Fertilizer Resean 7/
Nijhoff Publishers, Spuiboulcvard 50, 331 1 GR Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
An international journal on fertilizer use and technology.
68
67
Field Crop Research
Elsevier Science Publisher, P.O. Box 21 1, 1000 A E Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Covers: crop agronomy, improvement, physiology, ecology, and protection; soil
and water management; farming systems. Crops dealt with are: cereals, non-cereal
carbohydrate crops, pulses, sugar crops, oil crops, fibre crops, beverage crops,
rubber, tobacco; forages. Outside the scope of the journal arc crop storage, trans-
port and utilization, social or economic aspects of crops.
The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Publication and Information Department,
Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan, Pusa, New Delhi 1 10012, India.
Indian Journal of Agronomy
Indian Society of Agronomy, Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research
Institute, New Delhi 1 10012, India.
In for ma tore Agrario
' Largo C. Caldera, 1 1 Casella Postale 520, 37100 Verona, Italia.
International Agricultural Development
19 Woodford Close, Caversham, Reading, Berks RG4 7HN, England.
The journal serves as a forum for debate on agricultural issues in the developing
world. It gives attention to increasing food output, improving distribution, and
creating conditions under which hunger can be overcome.
International Journal of Tropical Agriculture
Vidya International Publishers. 8/16 New Campus, H.A.U., Hissar, 125004, Har-
yana, India.
A publication of the Haryana Agricultural University.
Inter Tropiques
34 bis Rue dc Dunkerque, 75001 Paris, France.
A journal for those interested, directly or indirectly, in agriculture in countries
in the southern part of the world.
The Journal of Agricultural Science
Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cam-
bridge CB2 2RU, England.
The journal publishes papers from all over the world, covering the whole range
of agriculture.
Journal of Production Agriculture
American Society of Agronomy. 677 South Segoe Road, Madison, Wisconsin
WI 5371 1, U.S.A.
Emphasis is placed on papers that transfer production-oriented scientific and
technological information on agronomy in accord with other areas such as animal
science, agricultural economics, range management, weed science, entomology,
plant pathology, horticulture, and forestry.
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira
CP. 040315, CEP 70312, Brasilia, DF, Brasil.
This journal publishes agricultural scientific matters such as grostology. econom-
ics, experimental statistics, plant pathology, crop science, soil science, animal
science, rural sociology.
09
6S
Queensland Journal oj Agricultural and Animal Sciences
Queensland Department of Primary Industries, G.P.O. Box 46, Brisbane, Queens-
land 4001, Australia.
The journal records the results of biological, economic, and engineering research
work relevant to Queensland's primary industries.
Revista Ceres
Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Revista Gloho Rural
Editora Rio Grailca, CP. 6 CEP 20001 , Rio dc Janeiro R.J. Brasil.
Rivista di Agricoltura Subtropicale e Tropicale
Organo dclPIstituto Agronomico per rOItremarc di Fircnze. Via A. Cocchi, 4, Fir-
enze, Italia.
Span: Progress in Agriculture
Shell International Chemical Co., Shell Centre, London SE1 7PG, England.
Spore: Bi-Moiuhly Bulletin of the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Coop-
eration
CTA, P.O. Box 380, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Transactions of the ASAE
American Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2950 Niles Road, Saint Joseph,
Michigan MI 49085-9659, U.S.A.
Contains sections on power and machinery, soil and water, structures and envi-
ronment, food and process engineering, electrical and electronic systems.
Tropicultura
C. Wintcrbeck, Marsveldplein 5 B 57, 1050 Brussel, Belgium.
The journal is concerned with rural problems in the developing countries and
is published by the Belgian Administration for Development Cooperation.
Tropical Agriculture
Westbury Subscription Services, P.O. Box 101 , Scvenoaks, Kent TN15 8PL, England.
The Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Imperial College of Tropical Agricul-
ture, Universities of the West Indies.
Turrialba: Revista Interamericana de Ciencias Agricolas
Intcr-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, P.O. Box 55, 2200 Cor-
onado, San Jo <\ Costa Rica.
Publishes papers on agricultural science in Spanish, English, Portuguese, and French.
UDC 634.1/635.8 FRUITS/HORTICULTURE
Fruits: Fruits d'outrc-mer
Revue mensuellc dc Tlnstitut de Rechcrchcs sur !es Fruits et Agrumes, 6 Rue du
General Clergerie. 751 16 Paris, France.
Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Journal
P.O. Box 4733, Parklands, 2121 South Africa.
This journal caters to the citrus and subtropical fruit industries.
H orticultura Brasileira
Revista da Sociedade de Olcricultura do Brasil, Horticultura Brasileira, CP.
07.0990, 70.359 Brasilia, DF Brasil.
70
69
Hort Science
American Society for Horticultural Science, 701 North Saint Asaph Street, Alexan-
dria, Virginia VA 22314-1998, U.S.A.
Indian Journal of Horticulture
Horticulture Society of India, Krishi Bhawan, New Dehli, 1 10001, India.
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science
701 North Saint Asaph Street, Alexandria, Virginia VA 22314-1998, U.S.A.
The Journal of Horticultural Science
Headley Brothers Ltd., The Invicta Press, Ashford, Kent, England.
Publishes articles on fruit and perennial crops, vegetables, and ornamentals, from
both temperate and tropical countries.
UDC 631.3 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Agricultural Engineering: Technology for Food and Agriculture
American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2950 Niles Road, Saint Joseph, Michi-
gan MI 49085-9659, U.S.A.
AM J: Agricultural Machinery Journal for the Agricultural and Garden Machinery
Industries
Carew House, Wallington, Surrey SM60DX, England.
Includes the journal called Power Fanning, the only machinery journal for
farmers.
Machinisme Agricole Tropical
Centre d'Etudes et ^Experimentation du Machinisme Agricole Tropical Pare de
Tournoic, 92160 Antony, France.
UDC 631.4/63] .8 SOIL SCIENCE/SOIL FERTILITY
African Fertilizer Review
Mr M. Connolly, IFDC Africa, B.P. 4483, Lome, Togo.
The journal is of the non-rcfereed type. It covers fertilizer research, development,
and technology transfer. It is edited and produced by the International Fertilizer
Development Center and serves, in particular, the needs in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Australian Journal of Soil Science
314 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia.
Bulletin of the International Society of Soil Science
C/o International Soil Reference and Information Centre, 9 Duivendaal,
P.O. Box 353, 6700 AJ Wagcningcn, The Netherlands.
Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science
Indian Society of Soil Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Dehli
1 10012, India.
Journal of Plant Nutrition
Marcel Dckkcr. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A.
The journal is concerned with plantnutrition, includingthc influence of the essen-
tial elements as well as those that are considered non-essential.
71
70
It fi
The Journal of Soil Science
Blackweli Scientific Publications, 23 Ainsiie Place, Edinburgh EM3 6AJ, United
Kingdom
South African Journal of Plant and Soil
Bureau for Scientific Publications, P.O. Box 1 758, Pretoria 0001, Republic of South
Africa.
Contains articles on soil science and applied plant science.
Plant and Soil
Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17, 3300 A A Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
An international journal on plant-soil relations. Deals with fundamental and
applied aspects of plant nutrition, soil fertility, plant-microbe associations, soil
microbiology, soil-borne plant diseases, soil and plant ecology, agrochemistry
and agrophysics.
Soil Science
Williams and Wilkins, 428 East Preston Street, Baltimore, Maryland MD 21202,
U.S.A.
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, C/o Business Center for Aca-
demic Societies Japan, 4-16 Yayoi 2-chomc, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1 1 3 Japan.
So/7 Science Society of America Journal
Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Road, Madison, Wisconsin
Wi 53711, U.S.A.
UDC 631.52 PLANT BREEDING
Diversity
Diversity, 727 Street South East, Washington, DC 20003, U.S.A.
A news journal for the plant genetic resources community.
Euphitica: International Journal of Plant Breeding
Dr A.C, Zeven, Euphitica. P.O. Box 387, 6700 AJ Wageningcn, The Netherlands.
Covers a wide range of subjects related to plant breeding: domestication, genetic
resources, variation, cytology, floral biology, aneu- and cupolyploidy, wide
crosses, introgression, substitution of cytoplasm, natural and artificially induced
mutations, male sterility and hybrid cultivars, genetics, resistance to pathologens
and pests, tolerance to abiotic stress, taxonomy of cultivated plants, selection
methods and procedures, prebrceding, cultivar testing, and maintenance of culti-
vars and their production.
Plant Breeding: Zeitschrift fur Pjlanzenzuchtung
Paul Parcy, Lindenstrasse 44-47, D 1000 Berlin 61, Germany.
The journal publishes articles on botanical breeding research and research on
practical breeding of cultivated plants. Preference is given to work on leading
crop plants and work containing new methodology.
Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter = Resources genetiques vegetales bulletin = Recur-
sos genet icos vegetales noticiario
International Board for Plant Genetic Resources. Editor, 1BPGR, C/o FAO, Via
dellcTcrmcdi Carardla 00100, Rome, Italy.
71
UDC 631.6 RURAL ENGINEERING
Drainage Contractor
Agri-Book Magazine, A1S Communication Ltd., 145 Thames Road West, P.O. Box
1060, Exeter, Ontario NOM ISO, Canada.
ICID Bulletin
International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, 48 Nyaya Marg. Chanakya-
puri. New Delhi 1 10021 , India.
ICID's objectives are the development and application of the art, science, and
technique of engineering, agriculture, economics, ecology, and social science in
managing water and land resources for irrigation, drainage, flood control, and
river training.
Irrigation and Drainage Systems: An International Journal
Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 332, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Irrigazione e Drenaggia
Edagricole, Via Emilia Lcvantc 31, 401 39 Bologna, Italia.
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
American Society of Civil Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York
NY 10017-2398, U.S.A.
The journal covers all phases of irrigation, drainage, and related water manage-
ment subjects, such as watershed management, weather modification, water qual-
ity, groundwater, and surface water.
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
Soil and Water Conservation Society, 7515 North East Ankeny Road, Ankcny,
Iowa I A 50021-9764, U.S.A.
Emphasis is on the conservation of soil, water, air, and related natural resources,
including all forms of beneficial plant and animal life.
Journal of Sod Conservation. New South Wales
Soil Conservation Service of NSW, Box R 20 1 . Royal Exchange Post Office, Sydney
NSW 2000, Australia.
Water and Irrigation Review
P.O. Box 21051, Tel Aviv 61210, Israel.
UDC 632 PLANT DISEASES
Indian Phytopathology
Indian Phytopathological Society, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New
Delhi 110012, India.
Journal of Phytopathology = Phytopathologische ZeUschrift
Paul Parcy, Lindcnstrasse 44-47, D-1000 Berlin 61, Germany.
The New Phyiologist: An International Journal of the Plant Sciences
Cambridge University Press, The Pit Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge
CB2 1RP, England.
Publishes papers on all aspects of the plant sciences.
Phytopathology: An International Journal
American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, Saint Paul, Minnesota
MN 55121, U.S.A.
73
t.
72
Plant Diseases: An International Journal of Applied Plant Pathology
American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, Saint Paul, Minnesota
MN 5512UU.S.A.
Plant Pathology
Blackwell Scientific Publishers, P.O. Box 88, Oxford OX2 ONE, England.
An international journal edited by the British Society for Plant Pathology. Pub-
lishes papers on all aspects of plant pathology.
UDC 632.7 ENTOMOLOGY
Annals of the Entomological Society of America
ESA Sales, 9301 Annapolis Road, Lanham, Maryland MD 20706, U.S.A.
Bulletin of Entomological Research
CABI Institute of Entomology, Wallingford, OXON OX10 8DE England.
Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America
ESA Sales, 9301 Annapolis Road, Lanham, Maryland MD 20706, U.S.A.
Indian Journal of Entomology
Entomological Society of India, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural
Research Institute, New Delhi 1 10012 India.
Journal of Applied Entomology
Paul Parey, Lindenstrasse 44-47, D-1000 Berlin 61, Germany.
Journal of Economic Entomology
Entomological Society of America, P.O. Box 1 77, Hyattsville, Maryland M D 2078 1 .
U.S.A.
UDC 632.9 PLANT PROTECTION AND PEST CONTROL
Crop Protection
Butterworths, Westbury Subscription Services, P.O. Box 101, Sevenoaks, Kent
TN15 8PL, England.
An international journal of pest, disease, and weed control.
FAO Plant Production Bulletin = Bullet to Phytosanitaire = Bo let in Fitosanitario
FAO Distribution and Sales Section, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome,
Italy.
International Pest Control
238 A High Street, Uxbridge UB8 1 U A, Middx., England.
Crop and stock protection, public health, wood preservation.
Journal of Pesticide Science
Pesticide Science Society of Japan, Japan Publications Trading, P.O. Box 5030,
Tokyo, Int. Tokyo 100-31, Japan
Pesticide Science
Elsevier, Crown House, Linton Road, Barking Essex IG1 1 8JIJ, England.
An international journal of research and technology on crop protection and pest
control. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the Society of the Chemical Industry.
74
73
Tropical Pest Management
Taylor and Francis, 4 John Street, London WC I N 2ET, England.
This journal was originally called PA MS and was then published by the Overseas
Development and Natural Resources Institute.
Weed Research
Blackwell Scientific Publications, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 OEL, England.
Journal of the European Weed Research Society.
Weed Science
Weed Science Society o r America, 309 West Clark Street, Champaign, Illinois
IL 61820, U.S.A.
The Australian Rangeland Journal
Department of Primary Industries, P.O. Box 102, Toowoomba, Queensland, Aus-
tralia.
Grass and Forage Science
Blackwell Scientific Publications, 8 John Street, London WCIN 2ES, England.
The journal of the British Grassland Society.
ILCA Bulletin
International Livestock Center for Africa, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Journal o f Range Management
Society of Range Management, 1839 York Street, Denver, Colorado CO 80206,
U.S.A.
Tropical Grass/at id
Tropical Grassland Society of Australia, Brisbane
UDC 681.3 COMPUTERS
Among many others:
Byte
1 Phoenix Miil Lane, Peterborough, New Hampshire NH 03458, U.S.A.
PC Resources: The Hands-on Guide for Business and Personal Product in ty
P.O. Box 58742, Boulder, Colorado CO 80322-8742, U.S.A.
UDC 633.2/3 GRASSLAND/RANGELAND
75
ERJC
Appendix 4
List of Newsletters of International (Research)
Organizations
ACIAR Newsletter: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Agroforestry Today: International Council for Research in Agroforestry (until Janu-
ary 1989, Newsletter ICRAF)
At ICRISA T: International Crop Research Institute for the Semi- Arid Tropics
CAB International: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux
CGIAR Newsletter: Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
CI AT International: Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical
CIMMYT Information Bulletin: Centro Internacional de Mejoramicnto de Maiz y
Trigo
CIP Circular: Centro Internacional de la Papa
'GA TE\' Questions, Answers. Information: German Agency for Technical Cooperation
IBS RAM Newsletter: International Board for Soil Research and Management
IDRC Reports: International Development Research Centre
II MI Review: International Irrigation Management Institute
IITA Research Brief "or Echo de IITA: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
ILCA Newsletter: International Livestock Centre for Africa
ILEIA Newsletter: Information Centre for Low External Input Agriculture
IRRI Newsletter: International Rice Research Institute
ISNAR Newsletter: International Service for National Agricultural Research
KIT Newsletter: Royal Institute for the Tropics
Land and Water: Newsletter for Field Staff of the Land and Water Development Divi-
sion: Food and Agriculture Organisation
Lettre du CIRAD: Centre for International Cooperation in Agricultural Research for
Development
Lettre du GRET: Groupe de Recherche ct d'Etranges Technologiqucs
Newsletter ODNRI: Overseas Development Natural Resources Institute
ODI-IMhll Management Newsletter: International Irrigation Management Institute
ODU Bulletin: Quarterly Bulletin of the Overseas Development Unit of Hydraulic
Research
Resource: NRI Newsletter: Natural Resources Institute
SACCAR Newsletter: Southern African Centre for Cooperation in Agricultural
Research
SPORE: CTA: Bi-Monthly Bulletin of the Technical Centre for Agricultural and
Rural Cooperation
WARD A Technical Newsletter: West Africa Rice Development Association
76
75
Appendix 5
Addresses of National and International
(Research) Organizations and Their Journals
AGRECOL
Okocentrum, CH 4438 LangenbrucL Switzerland
American Peanut Research and Education Society
P.O. Box 31025, Raleigh. North Carolina NC 2/o22, U.S.A.
American Phytopathological Society
3340 Pilot Knob Road, Saint Paul, Minnesota MN 55121. U.S.A.
• Phytopathology: An Official Journal
American Society of Agricultural Engineers
2950 Niles Road. Saint Joseph, Michigan Ml 49085-9659, U.S.A.
• Transactions of the ASAE
• Agric ultural Engineering
American Society of Agronomy
677 South Segoe Road, Madison, Wisconsin WI 5371 1, U.S.A.
• Agronomy Journal
• Journal of Production Agriculture
American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
210 Little Falls Street, Falls Church, Virginia VA 22046-4398, U.S.A.
American Society of Plant Physiology
15501 Monona Drive, Rockville, Maryland MD 20855-2719, U.S.A.
Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre
P.O. Box 42, Shanhua Tainan 74 1 , Taiwan
Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
G.P.O. Box 1571, Canberra ACT 260 1 , Australia
. A CIA R Newsletter
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute
Tejgaon, Dacca 15, Bangladesh
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute
Joydevpur, Dacca, Bangladesh
• Orissa
Bureau of Suear Experiment Stations
99 Gregory Terrace, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
Cacao Research Institute
P.O. Box8,Tafo,Ghana
Central Coffee Research Institute
Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, India
Central Institute for Cotton Research
Nagpur 440001, India
Central Plantation Crops Research Institute
Kasaragod 67012, 4 Kerela, India
Central Potato Research Institute
Simla 171001, India
76
Central Rice Research Institute
Cuttack 753006, Orissa, India
Central Tuber Crops Research Institute
Sreekariyan, Trivandrum 17, Kerala, India
Centre d'Etudes et d'Experimcntation du Machinisme Tropical
Pare de Tourvoie, 92 1 60 Antony, France
• Machinisme Agricole Tropical
Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigation y Ensenanza
Turrialba, Costa Rica
• Turrialba
Centro International de Agricultura Tropical
Apartado Aereo 671 3, Cali, Colombia
• CI AT International
• Pag bias de Cont enido = Pages of Con tei i is
Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo
Londres 40, Aportado Postal 6-641, Mexico 6, D.F., Mexico
• Farming System Bulletin Eastern and Southern Africa
• CI MM YT Today
Centro Internacional de la Papa
Apartado Postal 5969, Lima, Peru
• C IP Circular
Centro Nacional de Informacao Documental Agricola
Esplanada dos Ministerios
Annexo I de Ministerio da Agricultura, Bloco B, Ala Oestc Tcrrco e I andar,
CP. 102432,70043, Brasilia, Brasil
Coconut Research Institute of Sri Lanka
Lunuwila, Sri Lanka
Coffee Research Station
P.O. Box 4, Ruiru, Kenya
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
1818 H Street North West, Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A.
• Newsletter
Cooperation Center of Agricultural Research for Development
BP 5035, 34032 Montpellier, CEDEX. France
(Continuation of GERDAT)
• Agritrop
Crop Science Society of America
677 South Scgoc Road, Madison, Wisconsin WI 5371 1, U.S.A.
• Crop Science
Dcpartcmcnt Systcmcs Agraircs
Avenue du Value de Montfcrrand, B.P. 5035, 34032 Montpellier, CEDEX, France
• Valuers d: ia recherche developpemcnt
Em p res a Brasileira dc Pesquisa Agropecuaria
Departemcnto dc Difusao de Tcchnologia, SCS quadro 8, Bloco B, No. 60, Super-
center Vcnuncio 2000 4 andar, Brasilia, Brasil
• Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira
Entomological Society of America
9301 Annapolis Road. Lanham. Maryland MD 20706. U S.A.
' Annals of the ESA
. Bulletin of the ESA
Farming Systems Support Project
Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, 3028 McCarthy
Hall, Gainesville, Florida FL 3261 1, U.S.A.
♦ Farming Systems Support Project Newsletter
Federation of European Society of Plant Physiology
Seer. J.E. Tillberg, Department of Botany. University of Stockholm. Stockholm
S-106, 91 Stockholm, Sweden
• Physiologic* Plant arum
Food and Agriculture Organisation of the U.N.
Via dcllcTcrmc di Caracalla. 00100 Rome, Italy
♦ Land and Water Newsletter for Field Staff of the Land and Water Development
Division
♦ Irrigation and Drainage Paper
• Soils Bulletin
* Plant Production and Protection Paper
* Plant Production and Protection Series
• Better Farming
♦ Agricultural Service Bulletin
• Agricultural Development Paper (was stopped a long time ago, but is still valuable)
• Agricultural Studies
Gestion, Recher ;hes. Documentation et Appui Technique
(since 1984.CIRAD)
Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research
Lucknow. Uttar Pradesh, India
Indian Rubber Research Institute
Kottayam, Keiala. India
Information Centre for Low External Input Agriculture
Kastanjelaan 5. 3830 AB Leusden, The Netherlands
♦ ILEIA Newsletter
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomiquc
Service des Publication, Route dc Saint Cyr, F 78026 Versailles, CEDEX, France
Institut de Rcchcrchcs Agronomiqucs Tropicales et des Cultures Vivrieres
45 bis Avenue de Belle-Gabrielle, 94130 Nogents 'Marne. France
• L 'Agronomic Tropicale
Institut de Recherches du Cafe, du Cacao, et autrcs Plantes Stimulantes
42 Rue Schcffer. 751 16 Paris. France
• Cafe, Cacao, The
Institut dc Recherches du Coton et des Textiles exotiques
42 Rue Scheffcr. 751 16 Paris. France
• Coton et Fibres Tropicales
Institut dc Recherches surlcs Fruits et Agrumes
6 Rue du General Clergcrie. 75116 Paris, France
♦ Fruits
79
78
Institut de Rccherches pour les Huilcs ct Oleagincux
1 1 Square Petrarque, 751 16 Paris, France
• Oleagineux
Instituto de Invcstigacao Centifica Tropical
Rua Jau,47, 1, 1300 Lisboa, Portugal
• Garcia de Or la serie ch ....
Inter-American Institute lor Cooperation on Agriculture
P.O. Box 55, 2200 Coronado, Costa Rica
International Board for Plant Genetic Resources
C/o FAO, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00 1 00 Rome, Italy
• Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter
International Board for Soil Research and Management
P.O. Box 9- 1 09, Bangkok 1 0900, Thailand
• IBS RAM Newsletter
International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas
P.O. Box 14/5055, Beirut, Lebanon
• FA BIS Newsletter
• Lens Newsletter
• Rachis Newsletter
• Farm ing S\ -stems Ne \ \ sle tier
International Centre oflnscct Physiology and Ecology
P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage
48 Nyaya Marg Chanakyauri, New Delhi 1 10021, India
• ICID Bulletin
International Council for Research in Agro forestry
P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya
• Agroforestry Today (a continuation of ICR A F Newsletter)
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
Patancheru P.O., Andhra Pradesh 502324, India
. At ICRISAT
• International Chickpea Newsletter
• International Pigeon Pea Newsletter
• SMIC Newsletter (sorghum and millet)
International Development Research Centre
P.O. Box 8500, Ottawa, Canada K 1G 3H9
. t PRC Reporter
International Institute for Aerial Survey and Earth Science
P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschedc, The Netherlands
• ITC Journal
International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement
P.O. Box 45, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
P.O. Box 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
• IITA in Brief
• Paradisiaca (plantain and other cooking bananas)
• Tropical Grain Legume Bulletin
International Irrigation Centre
Utah State University, Logan, Utah UT 84322-41 50, U.S.A.
International Irrigation Management Institute
52 New Parliament Road, Rajagiriya. via Colombo, Sri Lanka
international Livestock Center for Africa
P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa. Ethiopia.
• ILCA Newsletter
. ILCA Bulletin
International Rice Research Institute
P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines
• I RRI Newsletter
. I RRI Reporter
International Service for National Agricultural Research
P.O. Box 933 75, 2509 AJ The Hague. The Netherlands
International Society of Soil Science
Co International Soil Reference and Information Centre.
P.O. Box 353, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
Jute Agricultural Research Institute
Barrack pore 743101, West Bengal, India
National Cereals Research Institute
PMB 5042. Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
National Root Crops Research Institute
PMB 1006, Umuahia. Nigeria
Nigerian Institute of Palm Oil Research
PMB 1030, Benin City. Nigeria
Office de la Recherche Scientific et Technique Outre-Mer
Librairie Vcntc Publicity 70-74 Route d' Aulnay, 93 143 Bondy. CEDEX, France
. Caluers ORSTOM Pedology
• Caluers ORSTOM Hydrology
Overseas Development Institute
Regent's College. Inner Circle. Regent's Park, London NW1 4NS, England.
Overseas Development National Resources Institute
127Clcrkwell Road, London EC1 R5DB, England
(formerly Land Resources Development Centre and Tropical Development and
Research Institute)
• Newsletter ODNRI
Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Pineapple Research Institute of Hawaii
2500 Dole Street, Honolulu, Hawaii HI. U.S.A.
Royal Institute for the Tropics
Mauritskade 63, 1092 AD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
• Abstracts on Tropical Agriculture
Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia
P.O. Box 150, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria
PMB 1049, Benin City, Nigeria
81
SO
Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka
Dartonfield, Agalawatta, Sri Lanka
Soil Conservation Society of America
7515 North East Street, Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa IA 50021, U.S.A.
• Journal of the SCSA
Soil Science Society of America
677 South Segoe Road, Madison, Wisconsin WI 5371 1, U.S.A.
• SSSA Journal
South African Sugar Association Experiment Station
Mount Edgecombe, Natal, South Africa
Southern African Centre for Cooperation in Agricultural Research
Private Bag 00108, Gabarone, Botswana
• SACCAR Newsletter
Sugarcane Breeding Institute
Coimbatore 641007. India
Sugarcane Research Institute
lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh
Sugar Industry Research Institute
Reduit, Mauritius
Sugar Industry Research Institute
Kendal Roao, Mandeville, Jamaica
Taiwan Sugar Research Institute
Tainan, Taiwan
Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka
Saint Coombcs, Talawakcllc, Sri Lanka.
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA)
P.O. Box 380, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
• Spore: Bi-Monthly Bulletin of the CTA
Tobacco Research Board
P.O. Box 1909. Harare. Zimbabwe
Tocklai Experimental Station (tea)
Cinnamara PO, Assam, India
UPASI Tea Experiment Station
Devarshola. India
West Africa Rice Development Association Association pour le Devcloppcmcnt de
Ri/iculture en Afrique de TOucst
P.O. Box 1019, Monrovia, Liberia
• WARD A Newsletter
World Bank
1818 H Street North West, Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A.
World Meteorological Organization
Case postale no. 5, CH-121 1 Geneve 20, Switzerland.
82
SI
Appendix 6
Addresses of Publishers and Booksellers
Agricultural Publications
Portuguese/Spanish Publications
Reference Books
Agricultural Publications
Addison Westley
Finchamstead Road, Workingham, Berks RG1 1 2N2, England
Agribook Store Winrock International
161 1 North Kent Street, Arlington, Virginia VA 22209. U.S.A.
Amerind Books on Agriculture
N-56 Cannaught Circus, New Delhi 1 10001, India
Ann Arbor Science
P.O. Box 1425, Ann Arbor, Michigan MI 48106, U.S.A.
Edward Arnold
P.O. Box 34, Berkshire SL6 5B5, England
A.V.I. Publishing Co.
c o Van Nostrand Reinhold, Molly Millar's Lane, Workingham, Berks. RG1 1 2PY,
England
A. A. Balkcma
P.O. Box 1675, 3000 BR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Batsford Ac.
4 Fitzharding Street, London W1H 0AH, England
Blackwell Scientific Publishers
Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL. England
Bumpus Haldanc Maxwell
Olncy, Bucks MK46 4BN, England
Cambridge University Press
Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 2RU, England
Chapman Hall
1 1 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P4EE, England
Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International
Walling ford, Oxon, OX 10 SDE, England
CRC Press
2000 Corporate Boulevard North West, Boca Raton, Florida FL 33431, U.S.A.
Croom Helm
Provident House. Burrell Row, Bcckcnham. Kent BR3 1 AT, England
Elsevier
P.O. Box2ll, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Hcffers Booksellers
20 Trinity Street, Cambridge CB2 3NG, England
S3
82
Heinemann
Windmill Press, Kingswood, Tadworth, Surrey KT20 6TG, England
Intermediate Technology
9 King Street, London WC2E 8HW, England
Kluwcr Academic Publications Group
Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrv ~ht. The Netherlands
Krieger Publishing
P.O. Box 9542, Melbourne, Florida FL 32902-9542, U.S.A.
Lavoisier
1 1 Rue Lavoisier, 75384 Paris, CEDEX 08, France
Libraries Unlimited
3 Henrietta Street, London WC2 8LU, England
Longman
Longman House, Brint Mill, Marlow, Essex CM20 2JE, England
G.P. Maissonneuveet Larose
1 5 Rue Victor Cousin, Pans v v France
Josef Margraf
Auf Aigen 3, 7447 Aichtal, Germany
Miller Freeman
500 Howard Street, San Francisco, California CA 94105, U.S.A.
Oxford University Press
Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England
Pergamon Press
Hcadington, Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, England
Pitman Publishers
Slaidburn Crescent, Fylde Road. Southport PR9 9YF. England
Plenum Press
233 Spring Street, New York NY 10013, U.S.A.
Prentice-Hall
Englcwood Cliffs, New Jersey NJ 07632, U.S.A.
Pudoc
P.O. Box 4, 6700 AA Wagcningen, The Netherlands
R.A.A. Library
222 Main Street, Emmaus, Pennsylvania PA 18089, U.S.A.
SATIS
P.O. Box 17227, 1001 JE Amsterdam The Netherlands
Today Tomorrow Printers
24 B5 Desh Bandu, Gupta Road, New Dehli 1 10005, India
TOOL
Entrepotdok 68 A/69 A, 1018 AD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
TRIOPS Scientific Books
Raiffcisenstrassc 24, D-6070 Langen, Germany
Van Nostrad Reinhold
Molly Millar's Lane, Wokingham, Berkshire RG1 1 2PY, England
Westview Press
White Swan House, Godstonc, Surrey RH9 8LN, England
84
ERLC
S3
John Wiley and Sons
Baffins Lane, Chichester, Sussex P019 1UD, England
John Wiley and Sons
605 Third Avenue, New York NY 101 58-0012, U.S.A.
Portuguese/Spanish Publications
Editora Agronomia Ceres
Rua Roberto Simonson 62. 5 andar C.J. 52, CP. 3917, Sao Paulo, Brasil
Editora 'Ave Maria*
C.E.P. 01 226, Rua Martin Francisco 656, Wila Buarque, Sao Paulo, Brasil
Editora Edgard Blucher
0 1000 CP. 5450. Sao Paulo S.P, Brasil
Editora Moderna
Rua Alfonso Bras 431, CEP 0451 1, Sao Paulo S.P., Brasil
Editorial Agricola Espanola
Calle Caballero de Gracia 24, 2801 3 Madrid, Espana
Fundagao dc Estudos e Pesquisas en Agronomia
Rodovia Carlos Tonanni Km 5. 14870 Jabotical S.P., Brasil
Icone Editora
R. Anhanguera 66, 01 135 Sao Paulo S.P., Brasil
Instituto Campineirode Ensino Agricola
Rua Antonio Lapa 78, CP. 1 148, Campinas S.P., Brasil
Litexa Portugal
Av. Rainha D. Amelia 22-A, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal
Livraria Freitas Bastos
Rua 7 de Setembro 127, 129, 20.050 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Livraria Nobel
R. da Balsa 559, Sao Paulo, CEP 029 10, Brasil
Livraria Portugal
Rua do Carmo 70-74, Apart 268 1 . 1 1 1 7 Lisboa, Portugal
Mundi-Prensa
Castello 37, 28001 Madrid, Spain
Porto Editeria
Rua da Restauragao, 365 4099 Rorto Codex, Portugal
SAGRAS.A.
Editora c distribuidora, Rua Joao Alfredo 444, CP. 601, Porto Alegre, 90.000 RS,
Brasil
Reference Books
Association of Commonwealth Universities
John Foster House, 35 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PI-\ England
Bowkcr
Borough Green, Scvenoaks, Kent TNI 5 8PH, England
34
Butterworth
Borough Green, Sevenoaks, Kent TN 1 5 8PH, England
Dekker
Elisabeth Strasse 19, Postfach 34. 4010 Basel, Switserland
Europa Publications
18 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3JN, England
Gale Research Incorporated
Book Tower, Detroit, Michigan Ml 48226, U.S.A.
Gower
Gower House, Croft Road, Aldershot, Hants GU 1 1 3HR, England
McGraw Hill
Shoppen Hangers Road, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 2QL, England
McGraw Hill
1211 Avenue of the Americas, New York NY 10020, U.S.A.
Macmillan
Houndsmill, Basingstoke, Hants RG21 2XS, England
Mansell
35-37 William Road, London NW1 3ER, England
Saur K.G.
P.O. Box 71 1009. D-8000 Miinchen, Germany
86
"S5
Appendix 7
List of Subject Groups
0
Generalities
3
Social Sciences
33
Economics
37
Education
51
Mathematics
519
Statistics/Experimental Agriculture
52
Geodesy
528
Remote Sensing Geographical Information Systems
53
Physics
532
Hydraulics
54
Chemistry
55
Geology
551.5
Agro-Meteorology
556
Hydrology/ Evapotranspiration
57
Biological Sciences
58
Botany
581.1
Plant Physiology, Water Stress
59
Zoology
595.7
Entomology
62
Civil Engineering
63
Agriculture
63(2 1 3) Tropical Agriculture
63(...) Agriculture Mother Country
630.0 Forestry (depending on the number of books, divided into more groups)
63 1 .1 Farm Economics/Farming Systems
63 1 .2 Farm Buildings
63 1 .3 Agricultural Engineering Animal Traction
631.4 Soil Science
631 .43 Physical Soil Science
86
63 1 .45 Soil Erosion/Soil Conservation
63 1 .46 Biological Soil Science
631 .47 Soil Surveys/Land Evaluation/Soil Classification
631.5 Soil Management
631.52 Plant Breeding
63 1 .58 Systems of Cultivation/Dryland Farming
63 1 .6 Rural Engineering/Soil and Water Engineering
63 1 .67 Irrigation/Crop Water Requirement
631.8 Soil Fertility/Fertilizers/Plant Nutrition
632 Plant Diseases
632.9 Plant Protection/Pest Control
633 Various Crops
633. 1 Cereals, Grain Crops
633.11 Wheat
633.15 Maize
633.18 Rice
633.2/3 Forage Grasses/Forage Plants/Leguminoses
633.4 Root Crops/Tuber Crops
633.5 Textile and Fibre Plants
633.6 Sugar and Starch Plants
633.7 Tobacco/Tea/Coffee/Cacao
633.8 Aromatic Plants, Oil Plants, Medical Plants
633.9 Other Industrial Plants
634. i /8 Fruits Crops Trees/N uts
635.1/8 Vegetables
636 Zootechnology/ Livestock/Domestic Animals
637 Products of Domestic Animals
638 Apiculture
639 Fishery
64 Domestic Science, Economy
65 Administration/Management
66 Various Industries
664.8 Conservation of Food
68 Computers
88
7 Planning
9 Geography/Biography/History
Appendix 8
List of Reference Books
Bibliography of Dictionaries
Encyclopedias
Multilingual Dictionaries
Descriptive Dictionaries
Abbreviations
Atlases
Information Sources
Geographical Information
Studies Abroad/Courses
Directories
Grants
Bibliography of Dictionaries
Dictionaries and Vocabularies in the Terminology and Reference Library. 1966-1981.
FAO. 1983.224 pp.
Idem, 19S2-I9S5. FAO 1986. 66 pp.
Included arc mono-, bi- and multi-lingual dictionaries on various agricultural sub-
Encyclopedias and Dictionaries of the World: The Most Complete Guide to Standard
Reference Sources Ever Compiled. Pcrgamon Press. 1 54 pp.
Encyclopedias
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1988. (15th Ed.) 32 Vols.
Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. 1987. (6th Ed.) 20 Vols. McGraw Hill.
13, 100 pp.
Multilingual Dictionaries
E = English F = French G = German D = Dutch
1 = Italian P = Portuguese S = Spanish R = Russian
Agricultural Engineering*: Multilingual Illustrated Dictionary. 1987. H. Steinmctz.
Margraf. 509 pp. G-E-F-S-Czcch.
Elscvier's Dictionary of Agriculture*. 1986. (5th Ed.) G. Haensch and G. Haberkamp
dc Anton. 1,264 pp. G-E-F-S-I-R.
* Asterisk denotes the subject s. arranged alphabet iealh
jects.
90
Animal Production*: Multilingual Illustrated Dictionary. 1986. H. Steinmetz and
F.J. Magnus. Margraf. 550 pp. G-E-F-S-Czech.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Botany*. 1979, 1982. Vol. 1: Plant Names. 580 pp. Vol. 2:
General Terms. 744 pp. P. Macura. E-F-G-Latin-R.
Multilingual Dictionary of Technical Terms in Cartography*. 1973. International Car-
tographic Association. Franz Steiner Verlag. 573 pp. G-E-F-S-R.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemistry*: Including Terms from Biochemistry. 1983.
A.F. Dorian. 685 pp. E-F-S-I-G.
Quadrilingual Economics* Dictionary. 1980. F.J. de Jong. Nijhoff. 685 pp. E-F-G-D.
Farm Implements* and Machinery*: Multilingual Illustrated Dictionary. 1982. H. Stein-
metz. Steinmetz. 5 1 2 pp. G-E-F-S-I-D.
Elsevier \s Dictionary of Food Science* and Technology*. 1977. I.D. Morton and
C.E. Morton. 207 pp. E-F-S-G, with index of Latin names.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Horticulture*. 1970. J. Nijdam and A. de Jong. 561 pp.
E-F-D-G-Danish-S\vedish-S-1-Latin.
Horticultural Techniques* and Implements* : Multilingual Illustrated Dictionary. 1972.
H. Steinmetz. Steinmetz. 396 pp. G-E-F-S-I-D.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Environmental Hydrogeology*. 1990. H.O. Pfannkuch. 332 pp.
E-F-G.
Elsevier \s Dictionary of Hydrology* and Water Quality Management*. 1991.
J.D. van der Tuin. 528 pp. E-F-S-D-G.
International Glossary of Hydrogeology*. 1978. UNESCO. 165 pp. E-F-S-R.
International Glossary of Hydrology*. 1974. World Meteorological Organization.
393 pp. E-F-S-R. *
Quadrilingual Collection of Usual Words in Hydrology*. 1969. P. Dubreuil. ORSTOM.
113 pp. E-F-P-S.
Selected Terms of Irrigation*. 1978. Terminology Bulletin 34. FAO. 89 pp. E-F-S
Multilingual Technical Dictionary on Irrigation* and Drainage* . 1983. Dcutscher Ver-
band fur Wasserwirtschaft und Kulturbau/DVWK. 1009 pp. E-F-G-S.
Dictionario de termos tecnicos de irrigacdo* e drenagem*. 1978. Associacao Brasilcira
de Irrigacao c Drenagem. 61 5 pp. P-E-F.
Multilingual Technical Dictionary on Irrigation* and Drainage*. 1975. G.E. Papado-
poulos. 1CID. 1,060 pp. Greek-E-F-G.
Elsevier's Glossary of Land Resources* . 1984. G. Logie. 303 pp. E-F-I-D-G-Swcdish.
Dictionarium Bihliothecarii* Practician, as usum internationalem in 22 Unguis = The
Librarian 's* Practical Dictionary in 22 languages. 1 977. Verlag Dokumentation.
385 pp.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Library Science*, Information, and Documentation. 1973.
W.E. Clason. 597 pp. E-F-S-I-D-G.
Livestock Feeding* and Management*: Multilingual Ilustrated Dictionary. 1966.
J. Abeijon VelosoJ. Bouglcr, and A.G. Cock. Lohmann. 300 pp. G-E-F-S-I-D.
International Meteorological* Vocabulary. 1966. World Meteorological Organization.
Technical Publication 182. 276 pp. E-F-G-S.
Elsevier \s Glossary of Planning* and Development*. 1 986. G. Logie. 254 pp. E-F-I-D-G.
Elsevier \s Dictionary of Horticultural and Agricultural Plant Production* . 1 990.
PJ. Stadhouders, J. Doorenbos, and C. Dorsman. 817 pp. E-D-F-G-Danish-
Svvcdish-I S-P- Latin.
91
n SO
Elsevier's Dictionary of Wild* and Cultivated Plants*. 1989. W.E. Clason. 1,016 pp.
Latin-E-F-S-I-D-G.
Plants* and Plant Products* of Economic Importance. 1983. M. Merino-Rodriguez.
FAO. 2 Parts. Terminology Bulletin 25/1-2. E-F-S-G.
Multilingual Dictionary of Remote Sensing* and Photogrammetry*. 1984. American
Society of Photogrammctry. G.A. Rabchevsky. 343 pp. E-F-G-I-P-S-R.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Soil Mechanics*. 1965, A.D. Visser. 359 pp. E-F-G-D.
Multilingual Vocabulary of Soil Science*. 1960. (2nd. Ed.) G.V. Jacks, R. Ta vernier,
and D.H. Boalch. FAO. 428 pp. E-F-I.
Elsevier 's Sugar* Dictionary. 1984. L.Y. Chaballe. 321 pp. E-F-S-D-G-Latin.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees* and Shrubs*. 1986. H. Vaucher, 413 pp. E-F-G-I-Latin.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Water and Hydraulic Engineering* . 1987. J.D. van der Tuin.
449pp.E-F-S-D-G.
Interdisciplinary Dictionary of Weed Science*. 1990, G.H. William ; and
W. van der Zweep. Pudoc. 546 pp. Danish-G-E-S-F-I-D-P.
Descriptive Dictionaries
Black's Agricultural* Dictionary. (2nd. Ed.) 1985. D.B. Dalai-Clayton. 414 pp.
Dictionary of Agriculture*. 1983. L.L. Somani and S.B.S. Tikka. Agrieole Publishing
Academy. 463 pp.
The Language of Biotechnology* : A Dictionary of Terms. 1988. ACS. 254 pp.
The Macmillan Dictionary of Biotechnology*. 1986. J, Coombs. 320 pp.
The Penguin Dictionary of Botany*. 1 983. S. Blackmorc and E. Toohill. 390 pp.
The Dictionary of Cell Biology*. 1989. C.J. Brett, A.S.G. Curtis, J.A.T, Dow, and
J.M, Lackie. Academic Press. 262 pp.
CRC Handbook of Chemistry* and Physics*. 1987. (68th Ed.) R.C. Weast (Editor).
CRC Press. 2,464 pp.
The Macmillan Dictionary of Chemistry* . 1987. D.B. Hibbert and A.M. James.
576 pp.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemistry* : Including Terms from Biochemistry*. 1983.
A.F. Dorian. 685 pp.
The McGraw Hill Dictionary of Earth Sciences*. 1984. 900 pp.
The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics* . 1987. J. Eatwcll, M. Milgatc,
P. Newman, and R.H.I. Palgrave. Macmillan. 4 Vols.
Elsevier's Economics* Dictionary. 1983. (2nd Ed.) D.W. Moffat. 331 pp.
The McGraw Hill Dictionary of Modern Economics* : A Handbook of Terms and Organ-
izations. 1983. (3rd Ed.) D. Greenwald. 704 pp.
The Macmillan Dictionary of Modern Economics* . 1 98 1 . D.W. Pearce. 540 pp.
A Dictionary of Economics* and Commerce* . 1977. J.L. Hanson. English Language
Book Society. 472 pp.
The McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Electronics* and Computers* . 1988. (2nd. Ed.).
980 pp.
The Macmillan Dictionary of the Environment*. 1988. (3rd Ed.). M. Allaby. 448 pp.
The McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Food* . Agriculture* .and Nutrition*. 1977.
D.N. Lapcdcs. 732 pp.
92
ERJC
A Dictionary of Genetics*. 1990. R.C. King and W.D. Stansfield. Oxford University
Press. 406 pp.
The Macmilian Dictionary of Genetics* and Cell Biology*. 1987. N. Maclean. 448 pp.
The Dictionary of Human Geography*. 1981 . R.J. Johnston. Blackwell. 41 1 pp.
The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Physical Geography*. 1988. A. Goudie. Blackwell.
528 pp.
The McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of the Geological Sciences*. 1 988. (2nd. Ed.)
S.P. Parker. 950 pp.
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Life Sciences*. 1985. A. Friday and D.S. Ingram. Cam-
bridge University Press. 432 pp.
The Macmilian Dictionary of Life Sciences* . 1983. (2nd Ed.) E.A. Martin.
The Macmilian Dictionary of Microcomputing*. 1985. (3rd Ed.) C.J. Sippl. 473 pp.
The Macmilian Dictionary of Plant Science*. 1989. W.E. Peat and D.A. Baker.
300 pp.
The Macmilian Dictionary of Physics* . M.P. Lord.
The McGraw Hill Dictionary of Physics* and Mathematics*. 1 978. D.N . Lapedes.
1061pp.
The McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific* and Technical Terms*. 1984. (3rd Ed.).
178 pp.
The Macmilian Dictionary of Sociology*. M. Mann. 320 pp.
Dictionary of Soils* and Fertilizers*. 1989. L.L. Somani. Mittal Publications. 5 Parts.
Dictionnaire de science du sol*. 1990. (2nd Ed.) J. Lozet and C. Mathieu. Lavoisier.
392 pp.
Abbreviations
International Encyclopedia of Abbreviations and Acronyms of Organizations. 1 989.
(3rd Ed.) P. Wemmroch and P. Spillane. Saur. 6 Vols.
World Guide to Abbreviations of Organizations. 1988. (8th Ed.) F.A. Buttress and
H.J. Meaney. Blacki. 777 pp.
Dictionnaire des sigles: sclent iftques. techniques, et economiques. 1987. (2nd Ed.)
J. Murith and J.M. Bocabeille. Lavoisier. 47 1 pp.
Elsevier 's Abbreviations Dictionary. 1985. (7th Ed.) R. Desola. 1240 pp.
Abbreviations used by F AO for International Organizations, Congresses. Commissions,
Committees. 1988! (4th Revised Ed.) FAO Terminology Bulletin 27. 205 pp.
Acronyms, Initialisms, and Abbreviations Dictionary: A Guide to Acronyms, Initialisms,
Abbreviations, Contractions, Alphabetic Symbols, and Similar Condensed Appela-
tes. 1990 (14th Ed.) Gale.
Atlases
Geo Center Internationales Landkartcnhaus
Postlach 800507
D-7000 Stuttgart 80
Germany.
The Times Atlas of the World. Comprehensive Edition. 1985. Times Book Ltd. 1985.
93
92
o
ERJC
Information Sources
Key Guide to Information Sources in Agricultural Engineering*. 1 985. B. Morgan. Man-
sell. 209 pp.
Guide to Sources for Agricultural* and Biological* Research. 1981 . J. R. Blanchard and
L. Farrell. University of California Press. 735 pp.
Information Sources in Agriculture* and Food Science* . 1981 . G.P. Lilley. Butterworth
Guides to Information Sources. 603 pp.
Towards Sustainable Agriculture*. 1988. AGRECO/ILEIA.
Part I: Abstracts, Periodicals, Organizations:
Part II: Bibliography.
Keyguide to Information Sources in Aquaculture*. 1989. D.A. Turnbull. Mansell.
137 pp.
Biological* Information: Sources and Limitations. 1981. A.J.H. van Es. lnfic.
Using the Biological* Literature: A Practical Guide 1 98 1 . E.B. Davis. Books in Library
and Information Science; Vol. 35. Dekker. 284 p; .
Information Sources in Biotechnology*. 1986. (2nd Ed.) A. Crafts-Lighty. Stoikton.
403 pp.
Guide to Information Sources in the Botanical Sciences*. 1987. E.B. Davis. Libraries
Unlimited. 175 pp.
Information Sources in Cartography*, 1989. C.R. Perkins and R.B. Parry. Bovvker-
Saur. 540 pp.
Key Guide to information Sources in Cartography*. 1986. A.G Hodgkiss and
A.F. Tatham. Mansell. 253 pp.
Information Sources in Chemistry*. 1990. (4th Ed.) R.T. Bottle and J.F.B. Rowland.
Saur. 320 pp.
Guide to Basic Information Sources in Chemistry*. 1979. A. Antony. John Wiley and
Sons. 219 pp.
Drainage*: An Annotated Guide to Books and Journals. 1984. G. Naber. Bibliography
18,ILRL37pp.
Information Sources in the Earth Sciences*. 1989. (2nd Ed.) .I.E. Hardy, D.N. Wood,
and A. P. Harvey. Bowker-Saur. 518 pp.
Information Sources in Economics*. 1984. (2nd Ed.) J. Fletcher. Butterworths.
Environmental Economics*: A Guide to Information Sources. 1979. B.C. Field and
C.E. Willis. Gale. 243 pp.
Key Resources on Teaching. Learning, Curriculum, and Faculty Development: A Guide
to Higher Education* Development. 1988. R.J. Mengesand B.C Mathis. Josscy-Bass.
406 pp.
Information Sources in Engineering*. 1985. (2nd Ed.) L.J. Anthony, liuttcrworths.
579 pp.
Entomology*: A Guide to Information Sources. 1990. (2nd Ed.) P. Gilbert and
C.J. Hamilton. Mansell. 259 pp.
Key Guide to Information Sources in Food Science* and Technology* . 1985. S. Green.
Mansell. 231 pp.
A Guide to Information Sources in the Geographical Science* . 1983. S. Goddard. Croom
Helm. 273 pp.
339 pp.
94
ERIC
Information Sources on Grain Processing* and Storage*, 1982. UN Industrial Develop-
ment Organization. 97 pp.
Information Sources in Grey Literature*. 1989. (2nd Ed.) CP. Auger. Bowker-Saur.
' 175 pp.
Information on Hydroponics*. In: Hydroponic Food Production. 1987. (Revised 3rd
Ed.) H.M. Resh. Woodbridge Press. 384 pp.
Abstract Journals on Irrigation*, Drainage*, and Water Resources Engineering*. 1977.
L.F. Abell. Bibliography 13. ILRI, Wageningen. 47 pp.
Sources of Information in Librarianship* and Information Science*. 1987. (2nd Ed.)
R. Prytherch. Gower. 153 pp.
Information Sources in the Life Sciences*. 1987. (3rd Ed.) H.V. Wyatt. Butterworths.
191 pp.
Using the Mathematical* Literature: A Practical Guide. 1979. B.K. Schafer. Dekker.
160 pp.
Use of Mathematical* Literature. 1977. A.R. Dorling. Butterworths. 260 pp.
Guide to Agricultural Meteorological* Practices. 1981. (2nd Ed.) WMOTechnical Pub-
lication 134.
Plant Pathologist's* Pockethook. 1983. (2nd. Ed.) A. Johnston and C. Booth. Com-
monwealth Mycological Institute. 439 pp. Covers abstract journals, journals, books,
international institutions.
Information Sources in Physics*. 1985. D.F. Shaw. Butterworths. 456 pp.
Keyguide to Information Sources in Remote Sensing*. 1988. E. Hyatt. Manscll.
274 pp.
The Remote Sensing* Sourcebook : A Guide to Remote Sensing Products, Services, Facil-
ities. Publications, and Other Materials. 1986. D.J. Carter. Kogan Page. 175 pp.
Remote Sensing* Yearbook. 1986. A. Cracknell and L. Hayes. Taylor and Francis.
Chapter 14: Guide to Teaching and Learning Sources in Satellite Remote Sensing.
Chapter 15: Guide to Resources in Remote Sensing.
Information Sources in Science* and Technology*: A Practical Guide to Traditional
and Online Use. 1986. (2nd Ed.) C.G. Parker and R.V. Turley. Butterworths.
328 pp.
Sources of Information in the Social Sciences*: A Guide to the Literature. 1986.
(3rd Ed.) W.H. Webb. American Library Association. 777 pp.
Sociology*: A Guide to Reference and Information Sources. 1987. S.H. Aby. Libraries
Unlimited. 231 pp.
Appropriate Technology* Source Book: A Guide to Practical Books for Village and
Small Community Technology. 1986. (Revised and Enlarged Edition). K. Darrow
and M. Saxenian. Volunteers in Asia Press. 800 pp.
Wastewater Management*: A Guide to Information Sources. 1976. C. Tchobanoglous.
R. Smith, and R. Crites. Gale. 202 pp.
Sources of Information in Water Resources*: An Annotated Guide to Printed Materials.
1976. G.J. Giefer. Water Information Centre. 290 pp.
Water Resources*: A Bibliographic Guide to Reference Sources. 1975. V.H. Ralston.
University of Connecticut. 1 23 pp.
95
Geographical Information
Africa South of the Sahara. 1 988. ( 1 8th Ed.) 1,1 50 pp.
Middle East and North Africa. 1988. (35th Ed.) 900 pp.
South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. 1987. (2nd. Ed.) 683 pp.
Far East and Australia. 1988. (20th Ed.) 1,100 pp.
Europa Publications.
For each country, gives information about physical and social geography; recent
history; economy; statistical survey. Also presents a directory and a bibliography.
European Yc-rhook 1988: A World Survey. (29th Ed.) Europa Publications, 1988. 2
Vols. 3,175 pp.
Contains general and statistical surveys of every country in the world, constitutions,
government, political parties Judicial system, religion, press, publishers, radio, tv,
finance, trade and industry, transport and tourism. In addition, all the principal
international organizations are listed and described in depth.
Encyclopedia of the Third World. 1983. 3 Vols. G.T. Kurian. Mansell.
For each of the countries included, gives information on location and area, climate,
population, ethnic groups, language, religion, colonial experience, constitution and
government, freedom and human rights, civil service, local government, foreign pol-
icy, political parties, budget, finance, agriculture.
The Statesman's Yearbook: 1986-1987. (123rd Ed.) 1986. J. Paxton (Editor). Macmil-
lan. 1,686 pp.
Covers: international organizations, countries of the world (A-Z), history, geogra-
phy, government, defence, commerce, energy and natural resources, justice.
The Current History Encyclopedia of Developing Nations. 1982. C.L. Thompson,
M.M. Andcrbcrg, and J.B. Antell. McGraw Hill. 395 pp. Discusses the economic,
social, political, and geographical forces that are shaping the development of 93
developing nations. Includes a brief historical background and an analysis of each
nations^ future prospects.
Study Abroad, Courses
International Guide to Library and Information Science Education. 1985. J. Riss Fang
and P. Nauta (Editors). Saur. An I FLA Publication. 537 pp. A reference source
for worldwide educational programs in the information fields.
Study Abroad: International Scholarships: International Courses 1989-1990-1991 .
(26th Ed.). UNESCO. 1989. 1,394 pp.
Directories
Agricultural Information Resource C cut res: A \\ 'arid Directory. 1 990. CT A , 669 pp.
Agricultural Research Centres: A World Directory of Organizations and Programmes.
1988. Longman. 2 Vols 1,180 pp.
Arid Land Research Institutions: A World Directory. 1988. (3rd Ed.) B.S. Hutchinson
and R.G. Varaday. Allerton Press. 290 pp.
96
Directory of Online Databases. 1 990. Cuadra Associates. 3,400 descriptions of publicly
available online databases worldwide.
Information Sources on Tropical Agriculture. CTA.
Vol. 1 : EEC Countries. 1987. 181 pp.
Vol. 2: ACP Countries. 1988. 337 pp.
Presents information on disciplines covered, literature collection, services and
equipment available.
Online Bibliographic Databases: A Directory and Source Book, r 986. J.L. Hall and
M.J. Brown. Aslib. 589 pp.
Online Databases in the Medical and Life Sciences. 1987. Cuadra Elsevier. 170 pp.
Lists 795 databases and presents information on 148 online services through which
the databases arc accessible. The book is a subsection of the Cuadra Directory of
Online Databases.
Yearbook of International Organizations 1988,1989. Union of International Associa-
tions. 1989. Sauer.
Vol. 1 : Description and Index. (25th Ed.) 956 pp.
Vol. 2: International Organization Participation, Country Directory of Secretariat
and Membership. (6th Ed.) 1,600 pp.
Vol. 3: Global Action Networks. Classified Directory by Subject and Region.
(6th Ed.) 1,450 pp.
World of Learning. 1988. (38th Ed.) Europa Publications. 1,925 pp. Addresses and
other details of more than 25,000 universities and colleges.
Grants
Fellowship Guide for Western Europe. University of Pittsburgh.
Grants for Study Visits by University Administrators and Librarians. Association of
Commonwealth Universities. Describes 43 sources of financial aid.
Grants Register 1989-1991. 1988. C.A. Lerncr. Macmillan. 779 pp.
The Individuals Guide to Grants. 1983. (2nd Ed.) J.B. Margolin. Plenum. 295 pp.
Scholarships Guide for Commonwealth Postgraduate Students. Association of Com-
monwealth Universities.
96
<)7
Appendix 9
Journals on Library Science
Abstract Journals/Reviews
Administration/Management:
. Acquisitions
• Audio-Visual
. Lending! Document Supply
. Microform
. One-Person Library
. Security
• Serials
Agricultural Libraries
Automation/Microcomputers
Cataloguing/Indexing/Classification
Collection Management
Information/Online Retrieval
Libraries (in a broad sense)
Maps
Portuguese Journals
Special Libraries
Training/Education
The journals have been mainly selected from the library part of Ulrich's International
Periodicals Directory. The selection criteria were:
As many specialized journals as possible:
No regional journals;
Issued by commercial publishers or well-known organizations:
Cited by abstract journals:
Not too low in price.
Abstract Journals/Reviews
Information Science Abstract* ISA
1966 -. Monthly. U.S. $350.
Plenum Press, 233 Spring Street, New York NY 1001 3, U.S.A.
Also available online: DIALOG.
Library and Information Science Abstracts LISA
1969 -. Monthly. £157.
Library Association Publishing, Ridgmount Street, London WCl F 7 AH, England.
Also available online: DIALOG, Orbit.
Also available on CD-ROM.
98
♦ 97
Pascal Thema Part 205: Sciences cie T Information Documentation
1985 -. Monthly. FF 680.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Service des Abonnemcnts, 26 Rue
Boyer, 759* 7 1 Paris, 20 France.
Paginas de Contentido: Ciensias de la Informacion
1979 -.Quarterly. U.S. SI 0.
Association interamericana de Bibliotecarios Documentalistas Agricolas. Codigo
Postal 7170. Turrialba. Costa Rica.
Administration/Management
Information and Library Manager
1981 -.Quarterly. £18.
ELM Publications, Scaton House. Kings Ripton. Cambs PE17 2NJ. En-land.
Indexed: LISA. ERIC.
Journal of Library Administration
1980 -. Quarterly. U.S.S36.
H^worth Press, 12 West 32nd Street. New York NY 10001. U.S.A.
Indexed: LISA. ISA, etc.
Library Administration and Management
1975 -. Quarterly. U.S. S25.
American Library Administration and Management Association, 50 East Huron
' Street. Chicago, Illinois IL 6061 i . U.S.A.
Library M anagement
1976 -.6; Year. U.S.S300.
MCB University Press. 62 Tollar Lane, Bradford, West Yorks BD8 9BY, England.
Acquisitions
Library Acquisitions: Practice and Theory
1977 -.Quarterly. U.S. S75.
Pergamon Press, Headington. Hill Hall. Oxford OX3 0BW, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Audio- Visual
Audio- Visual Librarian
1973 -. Quarterly. U.S. S60.
Library Association Publishing. 7 Ridgmounl Street. London WC1E 7AE, Eng-
land.
98
99
Lending/ Document Supply
Inter/ending and Document Supply: Journal of the British Library
1971 -.Quarterly. £23.
British Library, Document Supply Centre, Publication Section, Boston Spa, Wcth
erby LS23 7BQ, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont, LISA, etc.
Microform
Microform Review
1972 -.Quarterly. U.S.S75.
Mcckler Publishing, 1 1 Ferry Lane West, Westport, Connecticut CT 06880, U.S.A
Indexed: ISA, LISA, etc.
One-Person Library
One- Person Library: A Newsletter for Librarians and Management
1 984-. Monthly. U.S. S45.
OPL Resources, Box 948, Murray Hill Station, New York NY 1 01 56, U.S.A.
Security
Library and Archival Security
1975 - .Quarterly. U.S. $36.
Haworth Press, 12 West 32nd Street, New York NY 1000 1 , U.S.A.
Indexed: LISA, ISA. etc.
Serials
Serials Librarian: The International Quarterly Journal of Serials Management
1976 - .Quarterly. U.S.S40.
Haworth Press/] 2 West 32nd Street, New York NY 1 000 1, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont, LISA, etc.
Serials Review
1975 -.Quarterly. U.S. >25.
Pierian Press, Box 1808, Ann Arbor, Michigan MI 48106, U.S.A.
' Indexed: Lib. Lit., ISA, etc.
Agricultural Libraries
Agricultural Libraries In formation Notes
1 975-. Monthly. Free.
100
39
ERIC
U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library, 10301 Baltimore
Boulevard, Beltsville, Maryland MD 20705, U.S.A.
Agricultural Information Development Bulletin
Free
Agricultural Division of U.N. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the
Pacific, U.N. Building Rajdammern. Nok Avenue, Bangkok, 10200 Thailand.
Quarterly Bulletin IAALD
1955 -.Quarterly. U.S. S20.
International Association of Agricultural Information Specialists; IAALD, C o J.
van der Burg, Pudoc, P.O. Box 4, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Automation/Microcomputers
Microcomputers for Information Management: An Internal tonal Journal for Library
and Information Services
1983 -.Quarterly. U.S. S30.
Ablex Publishing Company, 355 Chestnut Street, Norwood, New Jersey NJ 07648,
U.S.A.
Access Microcomputers in Libraries
1981 -.Quarterly. U.S. SI 1.
DAC Publications, 3354 30th Street, San Diego, California CA 92104, U.S.A.
Electronic Library
1983 -.6/ Year." U.S. S63.
Learned Information Incorporated. 143 Old Marlton Pike, Medford, New Jersey
NJ 08055, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., etc.
Information Intelligence Online Libraries and M icrocomputers
1983 10/ Year. U.S. S35.
Information Intelligence Incorporated, Box 31098, Phoenix, Arizona AZ 85046,
U.S.A.
Indexed: LISA.
Program: Automated Library and Information Systems
1966 -.Quarterly. 55.
ASLIB, Information House, 26-27 Boswell Street London WC1N 3JZ, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., etc.
Cataloguing/Indexing/Classification
Catalogue and Index
1966 -.Quarterly. U.S. SI 2.
Library Association, Cataloguing and Indexing Group, C o C.J. Koster, 18 Apple
G.-ovc, Enfield, Middx EN1 3DD, England.
Indexed: LISA, etc.
Cataloguing and Classification Quarterly
1980 -.Quarterly. U.S.S36.
101
I CO
Haworth Press, 12Wcst32nd Street, New York NY 1 0001, U.S.A.
Indexed: Bull. Signal, LISA, etc.
FID News Bulletin
1951 -.Quarterly. U.S.S30.
International Federation for Documentation, P.O. Box 90402, 2509 LK The Hague.
The Netherlands.
Indexed: LISA, ISA.
Includes 'Quarterly Document Delivery Reproduction Survey' and 'Newsletter
on Education and Training Programmes for Information Personnel'.
International Cataloguing
1972 - .Quarterly. U.S.S30.
Longman, Longman House, Brint Mill. Marlow, Essex CM20 2JE, England.
Indexed: LISA, Lib. Lit.
International Classification
1973- .3/Year. U.S. S40.
Indcks Verlag, Woogstrasse 36a, D-6000 Frankfurt 50, Germany.
Indexed: Curr. Com., etc.
A journal devoted to concept theory, to organization of knowledge and data,
and to systematic terminology.
Journal of Documentation
1 945 -. Quarterly. £65.
ASL1B, Information House, 26-27 Boswcll Street, London WC1N 3JZ, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., Lib. Lit., etc.
A journal devoted to the recording, organizing, and dissemination of specialized
knowledge.
Collection Management
Collection Management
1975 -.Quarterly. U.S. S38.
Haworth Press. 12 West 32nd Street. New York NY 1 0001, U.S.A.
Indexed: Bull. Signal., LISA, etc.
Information/Online Retrieval
Database: The Magazine of Database Reference and Review
1 979 -.Quarterly. U.S. S65.
Online Inc., 1 1 Tanner Lane, Weston, Connecticut CT 06883, U.S.A.
Journal of Documentation Scienc. : Principles and Practice
1945 -.Quarterly. U.S. $60.
ASL1P, Association for Information Management, 26-27 Boswcll Street, London
WC1 N, England.
Journal of Information Science; Principles and Practice
1 979 -.6 Year. U.S.S80.
102
ioi
Elsevier, Mayfield House, 256 Banbury Rd, Oxford 0X2 7DH, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Online: The Magazine of Online Information Systems
1976 6/Year. U.S. $80.
Online Inc., 1 1 Tanner Lane, Weston, Connecticut CT 06883, U.S.A.
Online Review: The International Journal of Online Information Systems
1976 -.6 Year. U.S. $70.
Learned Information Ltd., Besselsleigh Road, Abbington, Oxford OX 1 3 6LG, Eng-
land.
American Society for Information Science Bulletin
1974 -. 6/Year. U.S. S50.
American Society for Information Science. 1424 16th Street North West, Suite 404,
Washington DC 20036, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
American Society for Information Science Journal
1950 -. 6 ; Year. U.S. SI 20.
John Wiley and Sons, 605 Third Avenue, New York NY 101 58, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Documentaliste: Science de T Information
1964 - .6- Year. FF380.
Association Franchise des Documentalisteset des Bibliothecaires Specialises, 5 Ave-
nue Franco-Russe, 75007 Paris, France.
Indexed: Bull. Signal., LISA, etc.
Information Processing and Management: Libraries. Information Retrieval Systems,
and Communication Networks
1963 6/Year. U.S. S250.
Pcrgamon Press, Headington, Mill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Information Retrieval and Library Automation
1 965- . Monthly. U.S. S48.
Lomond Publications, Box 88, Mount Airy, Maryland MD 21771, U.S.A.
Information Technology and Libraries
1968 -. Quarterly. U.S. S35.
American Library and Information Technology Association, 50 East Huron Street,
Chicago, Illinois I L 6061 1, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Optical Information Systems Update: Library and Information Centre Applications
1986 -.6/Year. U.S. S65.
Mccklcr Publishing, 1 1 Ferry Lane West, Westport, Connecticut CT 06880, U.S.A.
Libraries (in a broad sense)
American Libraries
1907 -.Monthly. U.S. $40.
American Library Association. 50 Fast Huron Street, Chicago, Illinois IL6061 1 . U.S.A.
Indexed: ISA, LISA. etc.
103
.102
A SUB Information
1973 -/Monthly. £30.
ASLIB, Information House, 26-27 Boswell Street, London WC1N 3J, England.
Information Development: The International Journal for Librarians, Archivists, and
Information Specialists
1985 Quarterly. U.S. S70.
Mansell Publishing, 35-37 William Road, London NW1 3ER, England.
IFLA Journal
1975 -.Quarterly.
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. IFLA, SAUR
Verlag, P.O. Box 71 1009, D-8000 Munchen, Germany.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., Lib. Lit., etc.
International Library Review
1968 -. Quarterly.' U.S. SI 36.
Academic Press, 24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX, England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont. etc.
Journal of Librarians/up
1969 -. Quarterly. U.S. S80.
Library Association Publishing, 7 Ridgmount Street, London WC1E 7AE. Eng-
land.
Indexed: Curr. Cont, LISA, etc.
Library
1899 -. Quarterly. U.S. S55.
Oxford University Press, Walton Street. Oxford 0X2 6DP. England.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., Lib. Lit., etc.
Library and Information Science Research: An International Journal
1979 -.Quarterly. U.S. S30.
Ablex Publishing Company, 355 Chestnut Street, Norwood, New Jersey NJ 07648,
U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Library Association Record
1899 -. Monthly. U.S. SI 14.
Library Association, 47 Ridgmount Street, London WC1E 7AE, England.
Indexed: LISA, Lib. Lit., etc.
Library Journal
1876 -.Monthly. U.S. S67.
Bovvkcr, Maga/ine Group, 249 West 17th Street, New York NY 1001 1. U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., LISA, etc.
Library Quarterly: A Journal of Investigation and Discussion in the Field of Library
1931 -. Quarterly. U.S. S30.
University of Chicago Press, 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois IL 60637,
U.S.A.
Indexed: LISA, Curr. Cont.. etc,
Science
104
ERIC
Maps
Special Libraries Association: Geography and Man Division Bulletin
1947 -. Quarterly. U.S. SI 7.
Special Libraries Association, Geography and Map Division.
C o AT. Sprankle, 406 East Smith Street. Topton. Pennsylvania PA 19562-1 121.
U.S.A.
Indexed: LISA. Lib. LU.,etc.
Portuguese Journals
Associacaa Portuguesa de Bihiioteearios. Arquivistas. e Documentalistas: Noticia
1 975 Quarterly. Esc 400.
Associagao Portuguesa de Bihiioteearios, Arquivistas c Documentalistas. Edificio
da Bibliteca Nacional. Campo Grande 83. 1700 Lisbon. Portugal,
Brasil Camara clos Deputacios. Documentacdo e Informacao
1951 -.3. Year. Free.
Camara dos Dcputados. Ccntro dc Documentacao c Informacao. Anexo 2, 70160
Brasilia DF. Brasil.
Cademosde Bihlioteconomia, Arc/uivista. e Documentacdo
1963 -.Esc 1.500.
Associagao Portuguesa dc Bihiioteearios. Arcquivistas Documentalistas. Edificio
da Bibliotcca Nacional. Campo Grande 83, 1700 Lisbon. Portugal.
Indexed: Bull. Signal.
Ciencia da Informacao
1972 -.2 Year. U.S. S40.
Institute Brasileiro de Informacao em Ciencia e Technologia. SCN Quadro 2.
Bioco K. CEP 70710. Brasilia DF. Brasil.
Indexed: LISA. ISA.
Revista Brasileiro de Bihlioteconomia e Documentacao
1975 -.Quarterly. U.S. S30.
Federacao Brasileira de Associates dc Bihiioteearios, 40 rua Avanhandava.
Conj 110, Sao Paulo. Brasil.
Indexed: LISA. Lib. Lit., etc.
Revista de Bihlioteconomia de Brasilia
1973 U.S. S25.
Universidade de Brasilia. Dcpartanicnto dc Bihlioteconomia. Caixa Postal
15 301 1. Brasilia. Brasil.
Indexed: Bull. Signal.. LISA. etc.
Revista
1972 U.S. SI 5.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Escola de Bihlioteconomia. CP. 1906. Bclo
Hori/onte.MG 31270. Brasil.
Indexed: LISA, Lib. Lit., etc.
Special Libraries
Journal of Academic Librarianship
1975 -.' 6/Year. U.S. S22.
Mountainside Publications, 321 South Main Sireet, Box 8330, Ann Arbor, Michi-
gan MI 48107, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Com., LISA, etc.
College and Research Libraries
1939 -.6/Year. U.S. S35.
American Library Association, 50 East Huron Street, Chicago, Illinois IL 60611,
U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., Lib. Lit, etc.
Focus: On the Center for Research Libraries
1981 -. 6/Year. U.S. S10.
Center for Research Libraries, 6050 South Kenwood, Chicago, Illinois IL 60637,
U.S.A.
Special Libraries
1910 -. Quarterly. U.S. S48.
Special Libraries Association, 1700 Eighteenth Street N.W., Washington DC 20009,
U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., Lib. Lit., etc.
Outlook on Research Libraries: The Monthly Review of National and International
Research Library Management
1979 -. Monthly. U.S. S145.
Elsevier, Mayfield House, 256 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 7DH, England.
Training/Education
Journal of Education for Library and Information Science
1969 -. 5 Year. U.S.S30.
Association for Library and Information Science Education, 471 Park Lane, State
College, Pennsylvania PA 16803, U.S.A.
Indexed: Curr. Cont., Lib, Lit., etc.
Education for In formation: The International Review of Education and Training in Lib-
rary and In formation Science
1983 -. Quarterly. U.S. SI 00.
Elsevier, Mayfield House, 256 Banbury Rd, Oxford OX2 7DH, England.
T raining and Education: A Journal for Library and Information Workers
1983 -.3/ Year. £22.
Library Association, Training and Education Group, Lomond, Scotland Lane,
Horsforth, Leeds LSI 8 5SE, England.
106
105
Appendix 10
Addresses of Some Library Organizations and
Their Journals
International
Australia
Brazil
England
France
India
Latin America
U.S.A.
International
Commonwealth Library Association
P.O. Box 40, Mandevillc, Manchester Jamaica
• COM LA Newsletter (quarterly)
International Association of Agricultural Information Specialists'IAALD
Co J. van der Burg, PUDOC, P.O. Box 4. 6700 A A Wageningcn, The Netherlands
• Quarterly Bulletin
International Association of Documentalists and Information Officers
74 Rue des Saints Peres, 75007 Paris. Fr\nce
• Monthly News
International Federation for Information and Documentation IFID = Federation
Internationale dMnformation et de Documcntation/FID
P.O. Box 90402, 2509 LK The Hague, The Netherlands
• FID News Bulletin (monthly)
• International Forum on Information and Documentation (quarterly)
• Newsletter on Education and Training Programmes for Information Personnel
(quarterly)
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions 1FLA
P.O. Box 953 1 2, 2509 CH The Hague, The Netherlands.
• IFLA Journal (quarterly)
• International Cataloguing (quarterly)
Australia
Library Association of Australia
376 Jones Street, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
. Australian Library Journal (quarterly).
107
Brazil
Federacao Brasileira Associates de Bibliotecarios
Rua Avanhandava40.conj. 1 10., 01 306 Sao Paulo SP, Brasil.
• Re list a Brasileira de Biblioteconomia e Documentacao
• Bole tun
Instituto Brasileiro dc Informacao em Ciencia e Technologia
SCN Quadra 2, Bloco k. 70710 Brasilia DF, Brasil
• Ciencia da Informacao (2/year)
• Sumarios Correntes Brasileiros (monthly)
England
Aslib: Association for Information Management
26-27 Boswell Street, London WC1N 3JZ, England
• The Journal of Documentation (quarterly)
• ASLIB Proceedings (monthly)
• ASLIB Information (monthly)
• ASLIB Book List (monthly)
• Program (quarterly)
• Net link (6 /year)
• Online Notes (monthly)
• Current A nareness Bulletin (monthly)
Library Association
7 Ridgemount Street, London WC1 E 7AE, England
• Journal of Lihrarianship (quarterly).
France
Association des Bibliotecaires Frangais
65 Rue de Richelieu, 75002 Paris, France
• ABF Bullet it i d 7/ if on nat ions (quarterly)
Association Fran^aisc des Documentalistes et Bibliothecaires Specialises
5 Avenue Franco-Russe, 75007 Paris, France
♦ Document aliste. sciences de 1' information (6 year)
India
Indian Association of Special Library and Information Centres
P. 291 CYT Scheme No, 6M, Kankurgachi. Calcutta 700054, India
. I ASLIC Bulletin
Indian Library Association
A 40-41 Flat 201. Ansal Building. Dr Mukherjee Nagar. Delhi 1 10009. India
• Bulletin (quarterly)
108 r ; ! .
:RLC
107
Latin America
Associacion Intcramericana do Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas Agricolas, CP. 7 1 70.
Turrialba. Costa Rica
United States of America
American Library Association. 50 East Huron Street. Chicago, Illinois IL 60611.
U.S.A.
• American Libraries (monthly)
• Booklist (fortnightly)
• Choice (monthly)
• Information Technology and Library (quarterly)
• College and Research Library (6 year)
• Library Resources and Technical Services (quarterly)
• Library Technology Report (6 year)
Association for Library and Information Science Education
Janet C. Phillips. 47 1 Park Lane. State College. Pennsylvania PA 1 6803. U.S.A.
• Journal of Education for Library and Information Service {5 year)
Association of Research Libraries A RL
1527 New Hampshire Avenue North West, Washington DC 20036. U.S.A.
• ARL Sewsletter
Inter-American Bibliographical and Library Association
P.O. Box 600583. North Miami Beach, Florida FL 33160, U.S.A.
• Doors to Latin America (quarterly)
Special Library Association
1 700 18th Street North West. Washington DC 20009, U.S.A.
• Special Libraries (quarterly)
• Special List (monthly)
I OS HW
Appendix 11
Example of a Form Letter for Establishing an
Exchange Agreement
EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS
Proposal Form
From: To:
No: Date:
Dear Sir or Madam,
We would like to start an exchange of publications with your institution. We can
offer one or more of the following series or journals, copies of which arc enclosed:
We would be pleased to receive from you the following series or journals on an
exchange basis:
If you have other publications available, please inform us and, if possible, send a speci-
men copy.
A copy of this proposal form and two reply forms are enclosed for your convenience.
Yours sincerely.
110
109
EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS
Reply Form
From: To:
No: Date:
Dear Sir or Madam
We acknowledge receipt of your proposal (No.: Date: ) tor an
exchange of publications.
We are willing to accept your proposal.*
We arc unable to accept your proposal *
(* Please delete what is not applicable.)
Starting from (date), we shall forward the following series or journals
to vour address:
In return, we shall be pleased to receive the following series or journals:
On an exchange basis, we can also offer you the following series, a specimen copy
of which is enclosed:
Please inform us which series you could supply on the same basis.
Yours sincerely.
110
9
i
Appendix 12
Example of a Cover and a Page of an Accession
List
Miiure 26 F.\ample of a an or of an Accession l.tst
Geodesie, Kartografie
Ramirez, J. R.
Computer-aided Mapping Systems ; The Next Generation, (on)
In: Photogrammctrie Engineering and Remote Sensing 67( 1 99 1 ) I pp.85-88.
[NIWARST77I]
Teunissen, P.J.G.
De Geodetisehe li/n (nl)
In: Geodesia 33( 1 99 1 )3 pp. 1 1 0- 1 1 7
Eon bewerking van de inaugaurclc rede bij de aanvaurding van het professoraat
in dc mathematische geodesie en fnmtsbcpaling. aan dc Technische Univcrsiteit
Delft [STAR IN T39]
Remote Sensing
Mulder, N.J.
Earth Watch: Remote Sensing and Image Analysis (en )
Univcrsiteit Twente. Enschede. Netherlands. 1991. 15 pp. [ST A RIN 32 433(57)]
LIBRARY OF THE
STARING BUILDING
. i b»ai> V O Bo> 46C0 6 TOO AA Wagon r,).,r
111
Pease, C.B.
Satellite Imaging Instruments: Principles, Technologies, and Operational Systems
( en } Ellis Horwood Library of Space Science and Space Technology. Series in Space
Technology. Horwood, New York [etc.] United States. 1991,
336pp.[NlWARS4I;!089]
Rees, W.G.
Physical Principles of Remote Sensing, (en ) Topics in Remote Sensing 1 . Cambridge
University, Cambridge, United Kingdon, 1990. 247 pp.
[NIWARS4I.!087(D]
Waters, P. A.
Integrating Remote Sensing and Gis: Why it Remotely Makes Sense ten).
In: Mapping Awareness 5(1991)1 pp.48-50 [STARIN T 249]
Remote Sensing applications
Azzali. S.
Calculation of Crop Growth Indicators in Different African Climates L 'sing Remote
Sensing and Meteorological Data: Case Studies in Zambia and Somalia f en )
In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM REMOTE SENSING AND WATER
RESOURCES: PROCEEDINGS; IAH [etc], [S.l] 1990. pp.375-381 [N1WARS
41- 1082]
Figure 27 I:\amp1c of a page of an Accession List
Appendix 13
Example of a Computer Configuration for a
Small Library
COMPUTER
Video display
Ke> board
Basic module
Drives
CPU
ROM
RAM.M.
Interfaces
Expansion slot
PRINTER
Printing technique
Printing speed
Print pitch
Interface
Olivetti M240
1 2" monochrome met OGC video controller
Resolution 640 hfl. 400 pixels
101 102 keys
A drive 360 Kb, 5.25" type
B drive 720 Kb, 3.5" type
C drive 20 Mb. integrated hard disc 3.5" (85 Msec)
8086 processor 10 Mhz
32Kb
640 Kb
Parallel (Centronics)
Serial (RS 232 C)
7 x 8 bits connector's PC XT bus compatible
Olivetti DM 280 dot matrix printer
Impact dot matrix
1 60 char s draft mode
35 char s Nearly Letter Quality mode
1 0 char in. draft mode (80 char max)
1 7. 14 char in draft mode ( 1 32 char max)
Parallel
MODEM Hayes compatible k AT command set compatible with
SMARTCOM II, CROSSTALK XVI, BITCOM. PC
TALK III.
Operates online in full or half duplex at a rate of 1200 or
300 bps.
Built in one of the sk« : of the M240.
COMPACT DISC CM 121 CD ROM and audio drive
Laser Magnetic Storage International
4425 Arrows West Drive
Colorado Springs, Colorado CO 80907-3489, U.S.A.
CM 121 provides random access to data and audio stored
on compact disc ROM and or CD audio media.
The 12 cm discs have a capacity of 600 MB. CD ROM for-
mat Philips Sony standard.
CONTROLLER CAR D Philips CM 153 CD ROM controller card also from Laser
Magnetic Storage International.
114
113
To operate the AGRICOLA CD ROM disc on the microcomputer, install Silver Plat-
ter information system Release 1 .6 and MSCDEX (MSDOS CD ROM extension).
SOFTWARE Cardbox Version 3.5. from:
Business Simulation.
Scriventon House,
Speldhurst, Kent TN3 0TU
England
Relay concurrent PC Communication Software
Version 2.4. from: V.M. Personal Computing,
Danbury, Connecticut CT 06810 9990, U.S.A.
UPS EP 300. U.S.A. Office, Asiatek, 15112 Bcrcndo Av., Gar-
dena. California CA 90247, U.S.A.
For stabilizing electric current.
.114
II
Appendix 14
Agricultural Databases
The following information has been taken from Online Databases in the Medical and
Life Sciences, which is published by Cuadra. Elsevier. Some of the databases are only
available on computer tape; others have a hard-copy issue, cither on paper or on com-
pact disc.
AGRICOLA
Producer:
Contents:
Subjects covered:
Other products:
Language:
Time span:
Updating:
U.S. Department of Agriculture USDA. National Agricultural
Library NAL.
Citations to the literature acquired by the NAL for use bv the
USDA.
Agricultural economics and rural sociology: agricultural produc-
tion; animal sciences: chemistry and engineering; entomology; food
and human nutrition; forestry; natural resources; pesticides; plant
science; soils and fertilizers; water resources.
Also covered arc related fields such as land use. family migration,
labour and political movements, and the impact of chemicals on
living organisms.
Bibliography of Agriculture.
English.
1970 to date.
About 12,000 records a month.
AGRIS (International Information System for the Agricultural
Sciences and Technology)
Producer: FAO.
Contents: Approximately 1 million citations, some with abstracts, to the
worldwide literature on agriculture.
Subjects covered: History and geography; legislation: education, extension and advi-
sory work; economics, development, marketing, and rural sociolo-
gy; plant production; protection of plants and stored products; for-
estry; animal production; veterinary medicine; aquatic sciences and
fisheries; machinery and buildings; natural resources; food science;
human nutrition; home economics; pollution.
Other products: Agrindew
Language: Rnglish.
Time span: 1 975 to date.
Updating: About 10,000 records a month.
116
115
AGRITROP: TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL: ANALYTICAL
BULLETIN , v
(Not accessible online. Onlv available as a journal.)
Producer: Centre dc Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomiquc
pourle Deveioppemenl C1RAD.
Contents: Citations with abstracts to the worldwide literature on tropical and
subtropical agriculture.
Subjects covered- Agricultural economics and development: plant science and produc-
SU - 1C Hon: plant protection: post-harvest technology: lorestry: animal
science: fisheries: agricultural machinery and engineering: process-
in- of agricultural products: cereals: sugar plants: oil plants: t.bre
plants: fruits: vegetables: pastures: seed crops: stimulant plants: var-
ious other plants.
Language: English. French, and Spanish editions.
Time span: 1976 to dale.
Updating: 500 records each half ye.ir.
BIOSIS PREVIEWS
Producer Biosciences Information Services (BIOSIS. 2100 Arch Street. Dept.
P., Philadelphia. PA 19103-1 309. 'J S.A.).
Contents: Approximately 4.7 million citations, with abstracts, to the world-
wide literature on research in the hie sciences.
Subjects covered- Microbioloav: plant and animal sciences: experimental medicine:
Subjects agricuUure: pharmacology: ecology: biochemistry: b,o-eng,neermg:
biophvsics. ,
Approximately 9.000 journals and other publications are screened.
Other products: Biological Abstracts.
Language: English.
Time span: 1969 to dale.
Updating: About 19.500 records, a month.
CAB ABSTRACTS
Producer- Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International CAB!.
Contents-: Approximately 2 million citations, with abstracts, to the worldu.de
literature on research in ugiiculture.
Subiects covered- Animal breeding: engineering: bees: dairy science: crops: loresln.
Subjects covered. ^ m . nUiolosiv;llonialUurc: vclcrinary medicine: plant breeding:
protozoology: applied entomology: mycology: plant pathology:
rural development and sociology: soils and fertilizers: weeds: agri-
cultural economics; leisure and recreation: tourism: human and ani-
mal nutrition: arid lands.
1 17
116
Other products: 27 main journals and 20 specialized journals, of which the following
arc interesting for agricultural scientists:
Crop Science and Production:
• Agrqfhrestry Abstracts;
• Chickpeas and Pigeonpeas Abstracts;
• Crop Physiology Abstracts;
• Faba Bean Abstracts;
• Field Crop Abstracts;
• Groundnuts Abstracts;
• Herbage Abstracts;
• Horticultural Abstracts;
• Irrigation and Drainage Abstracts;
• Maize Abstracts;
• Ornamental Horticulture;
• Plum Breeding Abstracts;
• PA//// Growth Regulator Abstracts;
• Potato Abstracts;
• Rice Abstracts;
• Seed Abstracts;
• SVj/V.v <///</ Fertilizers;
• Sorghum and Millet Abstracts;
• SY>n/ Zta/// Abstracts;
• Tropical Oil Seed Abstracts;
• ir/icf//. &ir/<n\ <///(/ Triticale Abstracts.
Crop protection:
• /far/Vir of Agricultural Entomology;
• Biocontrol News and Information;
• Hehnintological Abstracts Series B;
• hematological Abstracts;
• T 5 /^/// hematology;
• /ter/cir of Plant Pathology ;
• Weed Abstracts.
Fxonomics, Development, and Sociology:
• Development Abstracts;
• H >>/•/</ Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology Abstracts.
Machinery and Buildings:
• Agricultural Engineering Abstracts.
Food and Nutrition:
• Food Science and Technology Abstracts;
• Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews. (Invoicing and distribution of
this title is done by the publishers: International Food Information
Service IFIS, Lane End House, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9B, U.K.)
118
PASCAL: AGROLINE
Producer: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Centre de Documen-
tation Scientifique et Technique/CNRS/CDST; Institut National de
la Recherche Agronomique/INRA.
Contents: Approximately 95,000 citations, with abstracts, to the worldwide
literature on agriculture.
Subjects covered: Agricultural bioclimatology; genetics and plant breeding; general
agronomy; phytopathology; plant physiology; plant yield; plant
protection; soils; weeds.
Other products: Pascal: Thema 280: Sciences Agronomiques, Production Vegetales.
Language: French.
Time span: 1980 to date.
Updating: About 1,800 records a month.
TROPAG
Producer: Royal Institute of the Tropics, The Netherlands.
Contents: Citations, with abstracts, to the worldwide literature on practical
aspects of tropical and subtropical agriculture.
Subjects covered: Crop production and protection; crop processing and storage; fertil-
izers and soils. Also covered are the social and cultural aspects of
agricultural development; farming systems; environmental aspects.
Other products: Abstracts on Tropical Agriculture) A TA .
Language: English.
Time span: 1975 to date.
Updating: About 1 ,000 records a quarter.
> ii 118
119
Appendix 15
Example of a Leaflet about a Library
OUTER SIDE FOLDER
<
- 29 7 cm -
THIS PAGE
POLDED INSIDE"
-8ACK PAGE "
■ FRONT PAGE-
FOLD LINE
FOLD LtNE
LIBRARY
FACULTY OF AGRONOMY
MAP OF MAPUTO
LOCATION:
UrtvmMada E. Mondlana
Fac, da Agronomia (b*l,)
JuIhic Nyti«f*r« 140
Maputo
POSTAL ADDRESS:
Untvaraidado E, Mondlana
Fac. da Agronoma (bibl.)
CP. 257 Maputo
Mocambique
OPENJNG HOURS
Monday to Friday:
07.30- 12.00
14,00 • 17.00
Saturday:
07.30 - 12,00
[gjlS/A\
EDUARDO MONOLANE
UNIVERSITY
{FACULTY OF AGRONOMY AMD)
FOREST ENGINEERING
Maputo
INNER SIDE FOLDER
EDUAADO MONOLANE
UNIVERSITY
Mozambtqua's ooty univarstty.
I ha Eduardo Mondtana Univaraity
haa thJrtaao. facultraa. one ot
which ia tha Faculty ot Agronomy
and Foraat Englnaaring.
FACULTY OF AGRONOMY AND
FOREST ENGINEERING
Tha thraa Faculty Dapartmantt:
a Rural Engwaoring
• Plant Production
a Plant Pro taction
Tha Faculty haa 300 atudami
and 50 atafl mambara. Tha Fac-
ulty aHo haa a LtflRARY AND
INFORMATION CENTRE
LIBRARY OF THE
FACULTY OF AGRONOMY
COUSCTMNS
BOOKS
Baaaa on botany, biotagy agricut-
tixa. aotf acWoca, rural angt naartng ,
croaa, crop araadlng, foraatry.
A fatal at 10.000 baotta, many ot
JOURNALS
W#a-#m©wn tntamaalonaf )oumaia
on affkuHum and ta i a tad tubfada.
Abatract j/oumaf Horn CAB)
SERIES
Sanaa from a'arnaHonal raaaarch
oraanteattona aa ClAT, CI WW YT,
FAO. CTA. tMBRAPA.
l-'igurc 2X r:\amptc of a Icallcl about a library
LITCRATURC RETRIEVAL
a Manual ratrtaval
a Comautaritad ratrtaval with
AOfttCOLA* compact disc
• Onllna Utaratura ratrtaval via:
FAO
CTA
SCLf CTlVf OtSSf MtNATlON OF
INFORMATION
a Aoctatlo n Wat
• Paoaa ot contanta
a Loan* tor Faculty •tatt and ttu-
120
119
Appendix 16
Two Examples of Ground Plans for a Library
' 1
□
1
□
rournjn
Doom
\
tlco
\ '
■ D
< .aru
<f.r<
l-'igurc 29 Ground plan oflhe l.ihrnr\ oflhe l : ueull\ of Agronoim and I'oreM ['nginccriiig oflhe fcduardo
Mondlanc l'ni\crsii>
Mudy rnoTii '0' ilud«nn ] l,,m viflec cab.i
I L
iner<«* lor t>oc> ■
Oltice I vM<» FAO to'lctlton
CJrrnls <c> lour liD«jr» u
Oirfl lor lou' library utf ''.
I I
figure .10 Ground plan for 1 he new Libran oflhe I ;ietill> of Agronoim muH-nrcsl liniiiiieering ol die
I duardo Mom) lane I'tmersih
[20
Appendix 17
Library Regulations
1 Organization
1 . 1 The Library is presided over by a Library Board consisting of:
The Dean or his substitute as Chairman:
The Librarian as Secretary;
Mcmber(s) of the staff.
2 Opening times
Monday to Friday: 07.30-12.00 14.00-17.00.
Saturday: 07.30-12.00.
3 Rules
3.1 Bags and the like are not allowed in the Library.
3.2 Silence should be observed.
3.3 Smoking, eating, drinking arc not allowed.
4 Acquisitions
4.1 All users may suggest acquisitions to the Librarian, who decides on the matter.
If no agreement can be reached, the Library Board will decide.
4.2 Each staff member will provide the Library with three copies of any publication
written by him. Two copies will be placed in the collection . One will be sent
to a documentation and information service for inclusion in a reference or ab-
stract journal and or database.
4.3 Any publication received by a staff member should be offered to the Library
to be catalogued. Afterwards, it may be borrowed by the staff member perma-
nently.
4.4 If any new research activities are to be initiated, the Librarian should be
informed.
5 Loans
5.1 Staff members and students may borrow publications from the Library. All
other persons may only consult them.
5.2 Reference books, other regularly consulted books (to be decided by the Librari-
an), and journals may not be borrowed.
5.3 The loan period is 14 days. Exceptions can be made.
5.4 A maximum of four books may be borrowed at one time. Exceptions can be
made.
5.5 It is forbidden to write or underline in the publications.
5.6 Borrowed or consulted books may not be reshelved by the users. This is the
responsibility of trained library personnel.
5.7 Each borrower signing the loan slip is responsible for the book lent to him.
In case of loss or damage, he must repay its cost, with administration charges
added.
122
121
5.8 Inter-library loan is possible, but only for staff members and students, and only
after it has been checked that the publication is not available in the Library
itself.
6 Services
6. 1 The Library management will produce accession lists, pages of contents, current
awareness bulletins, etc.
6.2 Each semester, the Library management will organize an instruction session on
how to make optimum use of the Library's facilities.
6.3 The Library management will provide each new staff member with a leaflet
about the Library, a booklet on how to use the Library, and prepared forms
for question-and-answer services.
122
123
Agricultural researchers, especially in developing countries, face a formidable task
in keeping track of all the new research findings. If they have access to a well-organized
library, however, it can help to channel the great flow of information and make it
available to them. Anyone wishing to start (or to rehabilitate) such a library will be
helped by this book, even if he has no prior training in library science.
The book contains six chapters:
Chapter I: Collection Building;
Chapter 2: Ways of Overcoming a Shortage of Funds;
Chapter 3: Library Personnel;
Chapter 4: Library Management;
Chapter 5: Agricultural Information Sources;
Chapter 6: Library Instruction and Public Relations.
The book includes seventeen appendices containing lists of agricultural journals, jour-
nals ou library science, reference books, addresses of international research organiza-
tions, and addresses of publishers and booksellers. Others present an example of a
form letter for exchange agreements, the cover and page of an accession list, a com-
puter configuration, a leaflet about the library, possible ground plans for libraries,
and library regulations.
International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement/ILRI
Wafeeningen,The Netherlands
ISBN 90 70754 274
123
